Chapter 3
Research Design and Methodology
This chapter is divided into three parts: (1) Purpose
of the Study and Research Design, (2) Methods, and (3)
Statistical Data Analysis Procedure.
The First Part, Purpose of the Study and Research
Design, restates the main problem and discusses the research
design.
The Second Part, Methods, describes the participants,
data-gathering instruments, and data-gathering procedures
used in the study.
The Third Part, Statistical Data Analysis Procedures,
enumerates the statistical tools used in the analysis of
data.
Purpose of the Study and Research Design
This study will focus on disaster awareness and
disaster preparedness of Grade 10 students of Dao National
High School for the school year 2022-2023.
This study will utilize the quantitative research
design, specifically the survey–correlational research
design.
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Quantitative research is a structured way of collecting
and analyzing data obtained from different sources. It
involves the use of computational, statistical, and
mathematical tools to derive results. It is conclusive in
its purpose as it tries to quantify the problem and
understand how prevalent it is by looking for projectable
results to a larger population (SIS International Research,
2018).
According to Faltado et al. (2016), survey designs are
procedures in quantitative research in which researchers
administer a survey questionnaire to a small group of people
or sample to identify trends in attitudes, opinions,
behaviors or characteristics of a large group of people or
population.
Correlational study, on the other hand, investigates
the possibility of relationships between or among variables
(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2003).
In this study, the independent variable will be the
disaster awareness while the dependent variable will be the
disaster preparedness.
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Methods
Participants
The participants of this investigation will be the
50MSME in Dao Capiz, selected through purposive sampling.
Table 1
Distribution of Students according to Sex and Socio-economic
Status
Category Frequency %
Business Type
Service Business
Manufacturing
Merchandising
Sex
Male
Female
Total
Data-gathering Instruments
The data needed for the study will be gathered using
the researcher made questionnaire on budgetary control and
researcher made questionnaire on the financial performance.
Budgetary Control. To determine the budgetary control
on the MSMEs the researcher made questionnaire will be used,
the Awareness on Disaster Related Issues Questionnaire by
Ejercito (n.d.) will be used. It is composed of three
domains such as emotional pre-existing warning signs,
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potential hazards, and disaster-related services by
concerned agencies. It is a 43–item questionnaire that used
a Likert-type scale for responses.
For statistical purposes, the following numerical
weights will be assigned to respective responses:
5 - Strongly Agree
4 – Moderately Agree
3 – Agree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
For the descriptive interpretation of mean score, the
scale below will be used:
Mean Score Description
4.21 – 5.00 Very Good
3.41 – 4.20 Good
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
1.81 – 2.60 Poor
1.00 – 1.80 Very Poor
Disaster Preparedness Questionnaire. To determine the
disaster awareness, the Level of Disaster Preparedness
Questionnaire also made by Ejercito (n.d.) will be used. It
is composed of five domains such as typhoon preparedness,
earthquake preparedness, tsunami preparedness, landslide
preparedness, and flood preparedness. It is a 23–item
questionnaire that used a Likert-type scale for responses.
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For statistical purposes, the following numerical
weights will be assigned to respective responses:
5 - Strongly Agree
4 – Moderately Agree
3 – Agree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
For the descriptive interpretation of mean score, the
scale below will be used:
Mean Score Description
4.21 – 5.00 Very High
3.41 – 4.20 High
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
1.81 – 2.60 Low
1.00 – 1.80 Very Low
Data–gathering Procedures
In conducting the study, a permission letter will be
given to the school principal to conduct the study on the
scheduled date. Then, the researcher will distribute the
instruments to the participants at specific time limit.
Together with the instruments will be the students’
information data sheet. The data that will be obtained from
the tests will be processed, encoded, and analyzed using the
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
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Statistical Data Analysis Procedures
The following statistical tools will be employed in the
analysis of data.
Frequency. This will be used to determine the number of
male and female students as well as their socio-economic
status.
Percentage. This will be used to determine the number
of male and female students as well as their socio-economic
status.
Mean. This will be used to determine the level of
disaster awareness and disaster preparedness of students.
Standard Deviation. This will be used to determine the
homogeneity and heterogeneity of responses of students in
the disaster awareness and disaster preparedness
questionnaire.
Pearson r. This will be used to determine the
relationship between disaster awareness and disaster
preparedness of students.
All inferential tests will be set at 0.05 alpha level
of significance.
