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Parts of a Philippine Complaint Document

In the Philippine justice system, a complaint document that initiates a civil or criminal case follows a specific format and contains several common parts. These include a caption with the court and parties' names, a title like "Complaint" or "Information", a body with numbered paragraphs stating relevant facts in sections like preliminary statement, parties, statement of facts, and cause of action or relief sought. The complaint also requires a verification of truth and no forum shopping, the plaintiff or representative's signature, any annexed supporting documents, and may include a jurat if notarized. The formatted complaint is filed with the appropriate court and copies served to other parties, following specific rules procedures in the Philippine Rules of Court.

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568 views2 pages

Parts of a Philippine Complaint Document

In the Philippine justice system, a complaint document that initiates a civil or criminal case follows a specific format and contains several common parts. These include a caption with the court and parties' names, a title like "Complaint" or "Information", a body with numbered paragraphs stating relevant facts in sections like preliminary statement, parties, statement of facts, and cause of action or relief sought. The complaint also requires a verification of truth and no forum shopping, the plaintiff or representative's signature, any annexed supporting documents, and may include a jurat if notarized. The formatted complaint is filed with the appropriate court and copies served to other parties, following specific rules procedures in the Philippine Rules of Court.

Uploaded by

Lalaland P.R.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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In the Philippine justice system, a complaint document, which initiates a civil or criminal case,

typically follows a specific format and contains several parts. Although the exact labeling may
vary depending on the type of case and the court, here are the common parts of a complaint
document in the Philippines:

1. **Caption**: At the top of the document, the caption contains the name of the court, the
branch number (if applicable), and the names of the parties involved in the case (plaintiff
vs. defendant in civil cases, or People of the Philippines vs. the accused in criminal
cases).
2. **Title**: "Complaint" is commonly used as the title for civil cases. In criminal cases, it
might be referred to as "Information" when filed by the prosecutor.
3. **Body**: The body of the document is divided into numbered paragraphs, each stating
a fact that is relevant to the case:
- **Preliminary Statement**: This part provides an introduction to the complaint,
which may include the legal basis or jurisdiction for the case.
- **Parties**: Here, the parties involved are introduced, with a description of their
legal capacities, addresses, and other relevant information.
- **Statement of Facts**: This section contains a detailed narrative of the facts that led
to the dispute or offense, presented in chronological order.
- **Cause of Action**: In civil cases, this part identifies the specific legal reasons for
the complaint, detailing the plaintiff's claims against the defendant. In criminal cases,
it specifies the charges against the accused.
- **Prayer or Relief Sought**: The complaint concludes with a section where the
plaintiff or prosecutor specifies the relief or remedy sought from the court, which may
include damages, injunctions, or specific performance in civil cases, and the penalties
sought in criminal cases.

4. **Verification and Certification Against Forum Shopping**: This is a statement usually


attached to the complaint where the plaintiff or a representative attests to the truth of the
allegations and certifies that the case has not been filed in any other court. This is signed
under oath.
5. **Signature**: The document is signed by the complainant (or their legal representative)
and sometimes must also be signed by a licensed attorney, indicating their representation
of the party.
6. **Annexes**: Any relevant documents supporting the complaint, such as contracts,
receipts, or other evidence, are attached and labeled as annexes.
7. **Jurats or Acknowledgment**: If the complaint is notarized, this part is included at the
end of the document, which is the notary public’s certification that the signatories
appeared before them and attested to the contents of the document.
The complaint document is filed with the appropriate court, and copies are served to the other
parties involved in the case. There are specific rules and procedures for filing a complaint, which
are outlined in the Rules of Court in the Philippines.

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