MADE BY: NMPB

SOCSCI 102: PRELIMS REVIEWER E. Support Groups of The Catholic Churches

-> Catholic Action of the Philippines- these
WEEK 1. THE LIFE & WORKS OF JOSE RIZAL
organizations are formed by priest in majority. They
attended and actively participated in the hearings of
AMBETH R. OCAMPO the Senate. They also sought audience with senators
 a Filipino public historian, academic, cultural to convince them to oppose the bill. This was a clear
administrator, journalist, author, and interference of the Church on making of policies by
independent curator. the State.
- the Knights of Columbus
The Rizal Law, Literature and Society - the Congregation of the Mission
- The Catholic Teachers Guild
History of Rizal Law

RIZAL LAW (Republic Act No. 1425)

F. Francisco “Soc” Rodrigo
- An act to include in the curricula of all public and
-> Commented that he would not let his teenage son
private schools, colleges and universities courses
read the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo that
on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal,
particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El would let him endanger his Catholic faith; proposed
Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and that the footnoted or annotated versions of the novels
distribution thereof, and for other purposes. be used instead of the unexpurgated versions required
Sen. Claro M. Recto- author of the Rizal Bill, 1956 of the Recto Bill.

Opponents & proponents of Rizal Law

G. Mariano Jesus Cuenco
A. Catholic Church -> argued that Rizal directly attacked the practices,
-> Assailed the Rizal Bill as anti-Church; argued that beliefs and creeds of the Catholic Church; Rizal's view
such Bill defied the freedom of religion; encouraged were not limited to the abused of the friars during his
supporters to stop the reproduction and reading of days but it was a total disbelief of the Bible and the
Rizal's novels; advised their believers to produce and Catholic faith.
send written documentaries to their representatives
and senators stating unfavorable views about the Bill.
H. Domocao Alonto
B. FR. JESUS CAVANNA -> bluntly exposed his opposition to Filipinos who
-> He rendered a message that Rizal's works in view of viewed Rizal as their national hero, and despised the
the past injustices would corrupt the present setup of latter's writings; viewed Rizal as saint worshipped by
Catholic churches in the country; pointed that out of many so that his writings became a Bible of
333 pages of the Noli Mi Tangere, there were only 25 Indonesian in quest of their independence.
patriotic statements compared to 120 anti-Catholic
statements.
I. Pedro Lopez
-> Countered the views of Alonto, saying that the
C. JESUS PAREDES essence of independent movement began in their
-> A radio commentator; argued that Catholics were province (Cebu) when Lapulapu fought with Ferdinand
not deprived of their right to decline reading Rizal's Magellan.
novels if they felt like they could threaten their
salvation.
J. Countermovement Supporters Of Rizal Bill- Veternos
de la Revolucion (Spirit of 1896); Alagad ni Rizal; the
D. ARCHBISHOP RUFINO SANTOS OF MANILA Freemasons; Knights of Rizal
-> Asserted that Catholic students would be affected if
the mandatory reading of the uncensored writings of
Rizal would prevail; in his pastoral letter, he added that K. Jose P. Laurel- co-authored the Rizal bill
many versions of Rizal's writings would be read.
MADE BY: NMPB
-> The first monument built to honor José Rizal, and is
the oldest in the country.
H. Senate Committee on Educationsponsored the bill
summitted by Jose P. Laurel and Claro M. Recto

 May 12, 1956 - The inserted compromised

[contents] on the bill was approved unanimously:
specified that only college / university students
would have the option of reading the
unexpurgated versions of clerically contested
reading materials, such as Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo.
 June 12, 1956- The Rizal Bill was enacted as a law.

Honoring Filipino National Heroes

Through Executive Order No. 75 issued on March 28,
1993, former president Fidel Ramos created the
National Heroes Commission, which is tasked to study
and recommend national heroes to be recognized for
Jose Rizal Monument Capiz Provincial Capitol
their character and contributions to the country.
(completed) 1901
-> The Rizal monument in Capiz is the second oldest in
The committee came up with the following criteria:
the Philippines. It was sculpted by Tomas Confesor of
1. Heroes are those who have a concept of nation, and
Manila.
aspire and struggle for the nation’s freedom.
2. Heroes define and contribute to a system or life of
freedom and order for a nation.
3. Heroes contribute to the quality of life and destiny
of a nation.

Additional criteria were adopted by the Technical

Committee of the National Heroes Committee on
November 15, 1995:
1. Heroes are part of the people’s expression
2. Heroes think of the future, especially of the future
generations
3. The choice of heroes involves the entire process
that made a particular person a hero.

WEEK 2. REMEMBERING RIZAL

RIZAL’S EXECUTION: The Rizal Monument in Luneta (1913)

DECEMBER 30, 1896

PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE:
1898

Taft Commision (Philippine Commission of 1901)

declared Jose Rizal as the NATIONAL HERO OF THE
PHILIPPINES

The Rizal Monument in Daet, Camarines Norte (1898)

MADE BY: NMPB

Jose Rizal Tallest Monument Location: Calamba Rizal

Park 22 feet (6.7 m) tall

Dr. Jose Rizal' s monument in Piazzale Manila at Rome,

Italy.

Rizal Monument in Fort Santiago, Intramuros

O'ahu-Honolulu College Walk, Hawaii

Jose Rizal statue in Lincoln Park, Chicago

MADE BY: NMPB
1. Millenarian groups -socio-political movements who
Rizal Park, Rosemeadow, City of Campbelltown, generally believe in the coming of a major social
Sydney, Australia October 26, 2012 transformation with the establishment of the Kingdom
of God.
2. Rizalistas- a religious movement that believes in the
divinity of Josè Rizal
3. Jove Rex Al - the Latin name of Josè Rizal according
to the Rizalistas; literally means God, King of All
4. colorum- a term used to refer to secret societies
that fought against the colonial government in the
Philippines
5. canonization- the act of declaring a dead person as
a saint

RIZAL AS THE TAGALOG CHRIST

Revolutionary Newspapers (1898-1899)
1. La Independencia
2. El Heraldo de la Revolucion

: these reported about Filipinos commemorating Rizal

in various towns
RIZALISTAS
Batangas
1. these are millenarian groups that recognized Rizal
 there are people who were said to have
gathered “tearfully wailing before a portrait
as their savior from the social ills that plagued the
of Rizal” (Ileto, 1998) while remembering how
country 2. a religious movement that believes in the
Christ went through the same struggles
divinity of Josè Rizal.

Laguna
Jove Rex Al - the Latin name of Josè Rizal according to  some peasants regarded him as the “lord of a
the Rizalistas; kind in paradise in heart of Mt. Makiling”
Jove - God (Ileto, 1998)
Rex - King
Al - All
Translation: God, King of All early 1900’s
- then witnessed the founding of different religious
Millenarian groups organizations honoring Rizal as the “Filipino Jesus
- socio-political movements who generally believe Christ”
in the coming of a major social transformation
with the establishment of the Kingdom of God. “Tagalog Christ”
-> Miguel de Unamuno a Spanish writer and
philosopher
Knights of Rizal also known - he gave Rizal the title “Tagalog Christ”
as Caballeros de Rizal (Mga - reason: religious organizations venerating Rizal had
Maginoong Maka-Rizal) been formed in different parts of the Philippines.

Other Tagalog Christ’s

VOCABULARY 1. Apolinario de la Cruz (1815-1912)

MADE BY: NMPB
• founded Cofradia de San Jose (Kapatiran ng San What happened when Rizal was being revered as a
Jose) saint?
• was called as tagalog Christ by his follow
Paulina Carolina Malay (2001) reported:
2. Felipe Salvador (1870-1912) 1. Leyte
• also known as Apo Ipe Banal- religious sects that venerate Rizal as a god.
• founded the messianic society Santa Iglesia (Holy
Church) They have chapels where they pray on their knees
• was called by his followers as the “Filipino Christ” before the hero ' s picture or statue.
and “King of the Philippines
2. Legaspi City
Common belief among Rizalistas: Pantay-pantay- a strange society whose members are
the veneration of Jose Rizal as the reincarnation of called as Rizalinos.
Jesus Christ
Periodically, the members walk barefoot in a
Josè Rizal as the reincarnation of Jesus Christ procession to Rizal' s monument and hold a queer sort
- Rizalistas linkened the travails of Josè Rizal and of a mass.
Jesus Christ as narrated in Pasyon (epic poem-
became popular among the Tagalogs during the 3. Conception, Tarlac
Spanish Period) Rizalina - a sect that has a sort of nunnery for its
- Rizalistas also believe that Rizal, just like Jesus priestesses.
Christ, would eventually return to life and will
save mankind. The girls, forbidden to marry during a certain period,
are sent to Rizal' s hometown for “training”. When
they go back to Tarlac, they perform masses, baptize
Parallelism of Jesus Christ and Jose Rizal and do other religious rites.
• both were Asians
• had brilliant minds and extraordinary talents Groups Venerating Josè Rizal
• believed in the Golden Rule 1. Adarnista or the Iglesiang Pilipina
• cured the sick -> In 1901 a woman in her thirties, Candida Balantac
• were rabid reformers of Ilocos Norte, was said to have started preaching in
• believed in the universal brotherhood of men Bangat, La Union. She was later known as the founder
• associated with a small group of followers of Adarnista or the Iglesiang Pilipina.
• both died young (Christ - 33, Rizal - 35) at the hands
of their enemies -> This preaching eventually led her to establish the
organization in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija where she
The Canonization of Rizal: Tracing the roots of resided until the 1960s.
Rizalistas
-> Balantac ' s followers gives her the title of "INANG
Philippine Independent Church (PIC) La Iglesia Filipina ADARNA”
Independiente
• founded on 1902 WEEK 3. SOCIOPOLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
• anti-friar, anti-imperialist campaigns CONDITION OF THE 19TH CENTURY PHILIPPINES
• holds the earliest record about Rizal being declared
as a sain
1903 Overview
• published the “Acta de Canonizacion de los Grandes
The relationship between the individual and society is
Martires de la Patria Dr. Rizal y. PP Burgos, Gomez y
interlinked. society cannot exist without the
Zamora
individual; at the same time, the individual is molded
• September 24, 1903 Jose Rizal and the GomBurZa
by the social structures in which he/she is a part.
were canonized the following Roman Catholic rites
MADE BY: NMPB
“Man is partly the product of his time. His life and his • wealthy native families
message are affected by his environment and the • Indios - pure-blooded native of the Philippines.
event that take place in the world he lives in.”
-Jose Rizal The 19th Century Philippines: Political System

The 19th Century Philippines: Social Structure

Feudalism
- Dominion toward the land owned was practiced
wherein the authority and power resided in the
hands of the wealthy few.

Spanish Officials
• Peninsulares- pure-blooded Spaniard born in the
Iberian Perninsula
• Insulares- pure-blooded Spaniard born in the
Philippines
• Friars - parish priests, members of any of certain
religious orders of men, especially the four mendicant
orders (Augustinians, Carmelites, Dominicans, and
Franciscan).

• Spanish mestizos
• Chinese mestizos
• Criollos
• Principales -Wealthy pure-blooded native
supposedly descended from the kadatoan class.

Criollos
- a person of mixed European and black decent,
especially in the Caribbean. Originally, the term creole
was derived from Portuguese crioulo. It meant then, a
white man of European decent, born and raised in a
tropical or semi-tropical colony.

Principalia
ruling class of native elites:
• gobernadorcillo
• cabeza de barangay
• landowners
• merchants
MADE BY: NMPB
(“In each friar in the Philippines the King had a
captain general and a whole army.”)

Hence, the role and functions of the Cura Parroco can

be seen as follows:

The 19th Century Philippines: Education System

Spanish Colonial Education Aims in the 21st Century

1. Promotion of Christianity
2. Promotion of Spanish Language
3. Imposition of Spanish culture

19th Century Role and Rule of the Friars

Spanish Colonial Education Sytem
Patronato Real -the power of the King of Spain to • Curriculum was Formal, Organized, Religion-oriented
unify the State and the Church • Spanish missionaries were the teachers or tutors

• What were taught: Christian doctrine, prayers and

sacred songs
• 3Rs were only given to the brighter pupils
• Teach catechism to the natives

• Study of the Spanish language was compulsory

• Education was considered a privilege, not a right
• Education for the elite was controlled by the friars

Educational Decree of 1863

• Access to education by the Filipinos was later
liberalized through the enacted of the Educational
Decree of 1863.
Cura Parroco • It provided for the establishment of at least one
- Parish Priest primary school for boys and girls in each town under
- most powerful figure in a town of pueblo the responsibility of the municipal government.
• It provided for the establishment of a normal school
“En cada fraile tenoa el Rey en Filipinas un capitan for male teachers under the supervision of the Jesuit
general yun ejercito entero.”
MADE BY: NMPB
• The Spanish schools started accepting Filipino Primordialism
students. ● It argues that a national identity has always existed
• It was during this time when the intellectual Filipinos and nations have “ethnic cores”.
emerged.
Modernism
The Basic Education Spanish Colonial Curriculum ● It argues that nationalism and national identity are
• The Spanish curriculum consisted of 3R's necessary products of the social structure and culture
-Reading brought about by the emergence of capitalism,
-Writing industrialization, secularization, urbanization and
-Religion bureaucratization.
• The schools were parochial or convent schools
• The main reading materials were the cartilla, the ● This idea further posists that in the pre-modern
caton, and the catecismo. societies, the rigid social hierarchies could
accomodate diversity in language and culture, in
• The method of teaching-learning was predominantly contrast with the present times in which rapid change
individualized memorization. pushed statehood to guard to homogeneity in societry
• There were three grade levels: through nationalism.
-Entrada
-Ascenso Constructivism
-Termino ● This view maintains that nationalism is socially
constructed and imagined by people who identify with
The curriculum required the study of: • Christian a group.
Doctrine • Values • History • Reading and Writing in
Spanish (steno) • Mathematics • Agriculture • ● Benedict Anderson argues that nations are
Etiquette • Singing • World Geography • Spanish “imagined communities”.
History
● With this imagined community comes a “deep,
The ILLUSTRADOS the enlightened class of Filipinos. horizontal comradeship” that maintains harmonious
co-existence and even fuels the willingness of the
people to fight and die for

WEEK 4. NATION AND NATIONALISM French Revolution

Nation
Kapwa and Bayan
- A group of people that shares a common culture,
Kapwa
history, language, and other practices like religion,
affinity to a place, etc. - Filipino's interaction mediated by understanding
one's affinity with another. In the formation and
Nationalism strenghtening of social relation, the kapwa
- Ideally, it is understood as the feeling of concept supports the notion of unity and harmony
belongingness, which uplifts the spirit of oneness to in a community.
fellow countrymen and, at the same time, looking up
to a common goal for the nation's development.
Bayan

3 THEORIES OF NATIONALISM - Or Banua, which can be traced all the way to the
01 Primordialism Austroneasian language family, is loosely defined
02 Modernism as the territory where the people live or the actual
03 Constructivism community they are identifying with.
MADE BY: NMPB
Nacion (the elite)
Bayan (the folk / masses)

Rizal and Nationalism

- Rizal was one of the elites and ilustrados who

demanded changes in the Philippine government
during the Spanish colonization.

- Education led Rizal to a deeper understanding of

equality and order in the society.

- The unheard cries of the natives and the

increasing fame of Rizal fueled revolts in the
country.

- Rizal was very idealistic; he wanted to set the

Filipinos free from the hands of the Spaniards but
he was in dilemma whether to fight for revolution
or reform.

- Rizal's dream to set his fellowmen free from the

wrath of the tyrant Spaniards prevailed until the
day he died.

- The nationalistic ideas of Rizal inspired the

realization of the Filipino people of their sense of
dignity, conviction in their country, and
understanding of their true identity.

WEEK 5. RIZAL
Birth
1. Date: June 19, 1861
(Wednesday, 11:00 PM-12:00 AM)

2. Place: Calamba, Laguna

MADE BY: NMPB

SA AKING MGA KABATA

- Jose Rizal's first poem.
- He was eight years old when he wrote it.
- It was written with appeal to the readers to love
their native tongues.
- Through this poem Rizal manifested a nationalistic
inclination through the country's culture and heritage.

AN AFFLUENT FAMILY Kapagka ang baya'y sadyang umiibig Sa kanyang

• Their family became part of the principales or salitang kaloob ng langit Sanlang kalayaan nasa ring
leading citizens which belonged to affluent principalia masapit Katulad ng ibong nasa himpapawid
class.
• Doña Teodora was an inquilino or primary tenant in Pagka't and salita'y isang kahatulan Sa bayan, sa nayo't
the Dominican estate. mga kaharian At ang isang tao'y katulad, kabagay Ng
• Their family owned two bahay na bato. alin mang likha noong Kalayaan.
• They owned variety of business such as operation of
sugar mill, flour mill and a ham press.They also owned Ang hindi magmahal sa kanyang salita Mahigit sa
a farm. hayop at malansang isda Kaya ang marapat
• They had a collection of books composed of around pagyamaning kusa Na tulad sa inang tunay na nagpala.
1, 000 titles.
Ang wikang Tagalog tulad din sa Latin, Sa Ingles,
Kastila, at isang anghel, Sapagkat ang Poong maalam
tumingin, Ang siyang naggawad, nagbigay sa atin.

Ang salita nati'y tulad din sa iba Na may alfabeto at

HOME ENVIRONMENT
sariling letra, Na kaya nawala'y dinatnan ng sigwa Ang
Laguna de Bay
lunday sa lawa noong dakong una.
-Largest lake in the Philippines
- Called by locals as “Dagat Tabang”
Un Recuerdo de Mi Pueblo
NICKNAMES
- Ute - He immortalized the town of his birth in a poem
- Moy entitled, “Un Recuerdo de Mi Pueblo” which
-Pepe means “A Tribute To My Town”.
-Pepito
- He wrote this poem when he was 15 years old.

Pepe and his large head Memorias de un Estudiante de Manila

“...someday people will make statues of me”
- At the age of 17, Rizal wrote his autobiography
entitled, Memorias de un Estudiante de Manila
under the pseudonym “P. Jacinto”.
MADE BY: NMPB

SOCSCI QUIZZES
c. Miguel de Maginoo
 Selected: d. Miguel de
Unamuno This answer is
correct.
4/4
Question 1 Question 7
When was Rizal executed? Rizalistas still exist at the present.
 a. December 29, 1896
 Selected: True This answer is
 b. December 31, 1896
 c. December 28, 1896 correct.
 False
 Selected: d. December 30,
1896 This answer is correct.

1/1
Question 2
Taft Commission under Philippine Commission of 1901
declared Rizal as Question 1
 a. NATIONAL MODEL OF THE “Man is partly the product of his time.
PHILIPPINES His life and his message are affected by
 b. KING OF THE PHILIPPINES his
 Selected: c. NATIONAL HERO environment and the event that take
place in the world he lives in” was a
OF THE PHILIPPINES This statement from______.
answer is correct.  Selected: a. Ambeth
 d. NATIONAL ARTIST OF THE
PHILIPPINES Ocampo This answer is
1/1 incorrect.
Question 3  b. Rafael Izquerdo
The oldest monument of Rizal was built in
 a. Luneta  c. Jose Rizal

 b. Calamba Rizal Park  d. Andres Bonifacio

1/1
 c. Capiz Provincial Capitol Question 2
Which one composed the cura parroco?
 Selected: d. Daet, Camarines  a. Archbishop
 b. Bishops
Norte
 Selected: c. Parish Priests This
This answer is correct.
answer is correct.
0/1 1/1
Question 4
Question 3
Knights of Columbos is a civic and patriotic organization
The power of the King of Spain to unify the State and the
recognized by law as an instrumentality by which the
Church.
teachings of our national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal may be
propagated among the Filipino people.  a. Confessor
 b. Preacher
 Selected: True This answer is
 Selected: c. Patronato
incorrect.
 False. This answer is correct. Real This answer is correct.
0/1  d. Cura Parroco
Question 5 1/1
Jove Rex Al is a religious movement that believes in the Question 4
divinity of Josè Rizal. Apart from its judicial functions, they
 Selected: True This answer is served as an advisory body to the
incorrect. Governor General
 False. This answer is correct. and had the power to check and a report
on his abuses.
1/1
 Selected: a. real audiencia This
Question 6
He gave Rizal the title “tagalog Christ”. answer is correct.
 a. Miguel De Recho  b. residencia
 b. Miguel De Bastos  c. governor-general
MADE BY: NMPB
 d. visitador-general  d. Spanish Culture
1/1 1/1
Question 5 Question 9
It provided for the establishment of at A new social class who considered themselves as the
least one primary school for boys and enlightened class of Filipinos.
girls in each  a. Insulares
town under the responsibility of the  b. Peninsulares
municipal government.  Selected: c. Ilustrados This
 a. Educational Decree of 1862
answer is correct.
 b. Educational Decree of 1865
 d. Feudal Lords
 c. Educational Decree of 1864
 Selected: d. Educational
1/1
Question 10
Decree of 1863 This answer is The grantee of the ecomienda system who
correct. could ask tribute from the people in
gold, in
1/1 kind, or in labor and was required to
Question 6 protect them and instruct them in the
The significant event in 1821 that Christian
eliminated the connection of viceroy of faith.
Mexico to the
Philippines.  Selected: a. encomendero This
 a. Cavity Mutiny answer is correct.
 b. Coming of Spain to the  b. governor-general
Philippines  c. gobernadorcillo
 c. Removal of Carlos de la  d. fuedal lords
Torre from the 0/1
Philippines
Question 11
The family of Rizal belonged to
 Selected: d. Independence of  a. ilustrados
Mexico from Spain This  b. upper class
 c. principalia
answer is correct.
 Selected: d. indio This answer
1/1
is incorrect.
Question 7
Opening of the Suez Canal on November 17, 1869 had 1/1
resulted tofollowing, except one. Question 12
 a. Philippines became closer to Corregimiento is a Spanish term used for
Europe and country's subdivisions for royal
Spain administrative
purposes, ensuring districts were under
crown control as opposed to local
 Selected: b. More foreign
elites. It was
colonizers came to the usually headed by a ________.
 a. cura parroco
Philippines
This answer is correct.
 Selected: b. corregidor This
 c. encourages European answer is correct.
travelers to come  c. governor-general
to our country  d. king of spain
 d. more educated and young 1/1
Filipinos were
Question 13
able to study abroad
Spanish Colonial Education System was informal, organized,
 e. exodus of liberal ideas from
and religion-oriented.
Europe to
 True
the Philippines
 Selected: False This answer is
1/1
correct.
Question 8
Which among the following is not an aim of Spanish colonial 1/1
education system? Question 14
 Selected: a. Arithmetic This When the Spaniards came to the
Philippines, our ancestors were already
answer is correct.
trading with
 b. Spanish Language
 c. Christianity
MADE BY: NMPB
China, Japan, Siam, India, Cambodia,
Borneo and the Moluccas.
 Selected: True This answer is
correct.
 False
1/1
Question 15
Spanish language was compulsory in Spanish Colonial
education.
 Selected: True This answer is
correct.
 False