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SOC101 Assignment No. 01

The document identifies six major sociological theorists and their contributions: 1. Auguste Comte - Founder of sociology who advocated for building societies on science rather than religion. Developed positivism and established sociology as a science. 2. Herbert Spencer - Believed society operates under fixed laws and evolves from lower to higher forms, applying Darwin's ideas of evolution. 3. Karl Marx - Developed historical materialism and the idea of class conflict over scarce resources driving human history and social change. 4. Emile Durkheim - Helped establish sociology as a distinct academic discipline and identified the key role of social integration and norms in controlling individual actions. 5

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40 views2 pages

SOC101 Assignment No. 01

The document identifies six major sociological theorists and their contributions: 1. Auguste Comte - Founder of sociology who advocated for building societies on science rather than religion. Developed positivism and established sociology as a science. 2. Herbert Spencer - Believed society operates under fixed laws and evolves from lower to higher forms, applying Darwin's ideas of evolution. 3. Karl Marx - Developed historical materialism and the idea of class conflict over scarce resources driving human history and social change. 4. Emile Durkheim - Helped establish sociology as a distinct academic discipline and identified the key role of social integration and norms in controlling individual actions. 5

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mustafamughal673
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STUDENT ID: BC220213091

NAME: GHULLAM MUSTAFA


Assignment No.1
(SOC101)
“Origin of Sociology”

Question:
In the given scenarios, background and major work of sociologists are explained.
Identify the theorist name and write down his\her three major contributions in the
domain of sociology. Explain the theorist work briefly and write it in your own words

Scenario Identification Major contributions in the


Of the domain of Sociology
theorist
He was French and credited Auguste  Gave the idea of Postivism
with being the founder of Comte  Applied scientific methods
sociology. He migrated from a to the Social world and after
small town to Paris. He getting required results
advocated for building new And social change give a
societies on twin foundations of new science as
science and industry rather than sociology in 1838
on religion and landowner-serf  He was primary founder of
relationship. Sociology
He was an Englishman. He Herbert  Known as second founder
believed that society operates Spenser of Sociology
under some fixed laws and  Explained Society operate
evolve from lower to higher under fixed laws
forms. He was a social  He said society evolved
philosopher rather than a social from lower to higher form
researcher.  Applied ideas of Darwin
 Was a social philosopher
He was a German. According to Karl Marx  Developed his historical
him the key to human history is materialist theory and
Conflict. He discussed the method for studying society.
clash among two groups of In The German Ideology,
people for scarce economic written with Friedrich
resources in the social world Engels, Marx explained that
Because of his insights into the society is divided into two
relationship between the social realms: the base, and the
classes, he is claimed to be an superstructure.
early sociologist. He introduced  Write widely about
one of the major perspectives in Philosophy ,economics
sociology. And history
 He was also an early
sociologist
He was French. His primary Emile  Help define and establish
goal was of getting sociology Durkheim the field of sociology as an
recognized as a separate academic discipline.
academic discipline. He Durkheim distinguished
identified the key role of social sociology from philosophy,
integration in social life. A psychology, economics,
concept developed by and other social science
sociologist in which we study disciplines by arguing that
how values, culture, and norms society was an entity of its
control the actions and beliefs own.
of individuals and society as a  Identified key role of social
whole. interaction
He was a German. His thoughts Max Weber  He worked on cross cultural
on power and social and historical material in order
classification of the individuals to determine how extensively
in the social world, which he social groups affect people
shared in his book orientation to life
titled Economy and Society, led
to the complex formulations of  He was proponent of anti-
socioeconomic status and positivism thought and argued
social class. The theorist that society can be
described how the idea of understood by studying social
power, property and prestige actions through interpretive
classify the individuals of the meaning the actors
social world? (individual) attach to their own
actions.

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