Trigonometrical Identities (Including Trigonometrical Ratios of Complementary Angles and Use of Four Figure Trigonometrical Tables) 21.1] Trigonometry : Trigonometry means; the science which deals with the measurements of triangles. 21.2] Trigonometrical Ratios : c 8 There are six trigonometrical ratios relating to the & 3 three sides of a right-angled triangle (this has already ww : been done by students in Class IX). 2 For an acute angle of a right-angled triangle : A am B Perpendicular ’ BC F ples = BC wo sine (sin) = SPE > sin = 2e 2 i == Bee kt 2) cnsine (C05) = Femme = A = Ae Perpendicular BC @) tangent (tan) = PT > WA = 35 4) t (cot) = Ba hie ) cotangent (cot) = as tA = FG Hypotenuse AC (5) secant (see) = “E> see A = Hypotenuse AC (©) cosecant (cosec) = 5, vcr see A = Remember : “1, Each trigonometrical ratio is a real number and has no unit. 2. The values of trigonometrical ratios are always the same for the same angle. For Example : BC AC MN AN In right triangle ABC, sin A = and in right triangle AMN, sin A =[21.3] Relations Between Different Trigonomettical Ratios : 1. Reciprocal relations : Since sin A = Petpendicular 4 cosec A = —yPotenuse_ hypotenuse perpendicular = sin A and cosec A ate reciprocals of each other 1 te sin A= oy and cose A= Similarly, (i) cos A and sec A are reciprocals of each other : 1 ie. cos A = ek and sec A= A (ii) tan A and cot A are reciprocals of each other 1 1 Le. = A=—— ie. tan A tA and cot tan 2. Quotient relations : perpen ba Since sin A = Perpendicular sng cos A= — hypotenuse hypotenuse sin A _ perpendicular | hypotenuse cos A” hypotenuse base _ Pespendicular base Similarly, 2% = cota imilarly, 2" . % sina * % A Hence, tan A = —— cos 3. Square relations : In right-angled triangle ABC, with angle B = 90°; sp BON a oe tt A sin A= PS and cos a= AB c 2 2 BC AB in? wigs (BE ue 5 ldverarwa la) BC? + AB? ae Raat A 8 AC? =—3=1 [As, AB? + BC? = AC?]Similarly, ase a = 1+ (BS) @ 1+tnA=1+ (75 2 2 2 = ees 2 x [-: AB? + BC? = AC?] acy = (18 cera apy? ii 2A = ae Gi) treota = 1+ (23) _ BC?+AB? _ AC? Be BC? = (25 =o gs Ae = lac] = [iy cosec A= Ee] Hence, sin? A + cos?A = 1; 1+ tan?A=sec?A and 1 + cot? A = cosec” A. Remember: (sin? A + cos? A = 1 => sin?-A=1-cos*A = and_—cos*A = 1 - sin? A (i) 1+tamA=sec?A = sectA-tantA=1 and sec2A-1=tan?A (iii) 1+ cot?A=cosec?A = cosec? A- cot? A and cosec? A- 1 = cot? A 21.4} trigonometric Identities : When an equation, involving trigonometrical ratios of an angle A, is true for all values of A; the equation is called a trigonometrical identity. Each of the relations given above; viz. reciprocal relations, quotient relations and square relations; is a trigonometrical identity. Prove the identity : tan A + cot A = sec A. cosec A Solution : LHS. = tan A + cot A sinA | cosA _ sin? A+cos? A * cos * sinA ~~ cosA-sin A 1 = gos Asin A. sn? 2Ac cos Asin A [-> sin? A + cos? A = 1] = sec A-cosec A=RHS. [+ sec A= —\ and cosec A= ——] cos A sin Aprove a trigonometrical identity : start with any side a or right-hand-side (R.H.S.) and by applying trigonometrical relation: other side, ie., if you start with L.H.S.; reach to R.H.S. and if you start | to LHS. : i) cos* A - sint A= 2 cos?A- 1 ii) (1 + cot A)? + (1 - cot A)? = 2 cosec? A (il), tan A + tan? A = sect A - sec? A i Solution : (i) L.HS. = (cos? A)? - (sin? A)? = (cos® A ~ sin? A) (cos A + sin? A) = cos? A- sin? A {As, cos A + sin? A = 1] cos* A - (1 - cos? A) TAs, sin? A = 1 — cos? A] = 2c A-1=RHS. Gi) LHS. = 1+ co® A +2 cotA +1 + cot A-2cotA = 2+2co°A = 2 (1+ cot? A) = 2 cosec? A TAs, 1 + cot? A = cosec? A] = RAS. (ii) LHS. = tan? A. (tan? A + 1) = (sec? A— 1). sec? A [As, sec? A = 1 + tan? A] = sect A — sec? A = RLS. 1+cosA = 2 cosec A sina cot A+tanB = (cosec A + cot A)? (ii) =cotAtanB. cotB +tanA A = 1+ cosecA sin? A+(1+cos A)? (1+cos A)sin A sin? A+1+cos? A+2cos A (1+ cos A) sin A = Gemgee [es sin? A + cos? A = 1] 2(1 +08 A) z = tcosA) sinA ~ sind ~ 7 coee A= RLS. EGi) RAS. 1, cosA) . ara + sin A [Starting with the complicated side’ (+08 A)? _ (1+c0s A)? = in? A = 1 — cos? Al sin? A 1cos? A = ne 2) (I+008A)(1+cosA) _ 1+cos A (1+cos A)(I—cos A) 1-cos A Alternative method : l+cosA , LrcosA = LHS. LHS. = Tak Pera [Multiplying and dividing by (1 + cos A)] (1+cos AP cos A (1 cos A)? (sey _ ( em, may sin?A L sinA J (sin A sin A = (cosec A + cot A? = RAS. cos A, sin B cosAcosB+sinAsinB . (i) Lins, = —SmA_cosB_ _ sinAcosB _ sin Boos A cosB’. sin A cosAcosB-+sin AsinB sin Acos B sinB.cosA * = cot A: tan B = RWS. Alternative method : ce LHS. = ot At ink —t tanB cotA cot A+tanB (cot A + tan B) cot A tan B B _ (cot nB)cot A tan B = cot A tan B= RES. cot A + tan B cot A+ tan B tan Bcot A A cos A (iv) LABS, = S98AcotA: oS sin A _ 0087 A 1-sinA 1-sinA sin A(L—sin A) (1=sin A) (+ sin A) oa ay ~—sC cs? A= 1 - sin? A= (1 — sin A) (1 + sin A)] sin A (1—sin A) ‘ 1 i = LisinA 1, 0A cosec A+ 1=RHS. sinA sinA sinA | _SecA-tanA _cosecA-cot A * cosecA+cotA secA+tanA * Since sec? A tan? A = 1 and cosec? A - cot? A= I.a sec? A- tan? A = cosec? A - cot? A = (see A~tan A) (sec A+ tan A) = (cosec A — cot A) (cosec A + cot A) secA-tanA __—_cosec A—cot A = cosecAt+cotA — — secA+tanA Hence Frored: Alternative method : sec tanA LHS. = cosec A+cot A sec A-tan A xe SosecA—cotA , sec A+ tan A cosec A+cotA ~~ cosecA—cotA ~ secA+tanA (sec? A — tan? A) (cosec A - cot A) (cosec” A —cot” A) (sec A + tan A) Ix(cosecA-cotA) — cosec A—cot A = “Tx(secA+tanA) = “secA+ianA = RHS ae = sina | Prove that + (9 Tesina 7 S80 A- tan A tanAtsecA-1 _ 1+sinA ()Yena=secA+4 ~ cosA Solution : @) LHS. = res x aes [Multiplying and dividing by Ji-sin A ] es os 2 = [: 1 — sin? A = cos? A] 1 sin A = Sua wood TMC AW tan A= RES. Gi) LHS. = tan A + sec A — (sec? A — tan? A) [es eo? A= tan? A= 1] tan secA +1 (tan A +sec A)—(sec A +tan A) (sec A-tan A) tan A-secA +1 (tan A-+sec A)(1~sec A + tan A) tan A—secA+1 sin A 1 | simA+1 cosA * cosA ~ cosA = tan A+secA= Alternative method : sinA , 1 cos A” cos A sinA 141 sin A-1+cos A cosA cosA cos A LHS.sin A+1—cosA sin A—1+cos A sin A +1—cos A. 1+sinA = x (Multiplying and dividing by 1 + sin A] sin A—1+cos A 1+sin A ! pe id (sin A +1~cos A)(1+sin A) sin A-1+cos A+sin? A—sin A+sin AcosA (sin A +1~cos A)(1+sin A) —————————". +: sin? A= —1+cos A +(1—cos” A) +sin Acos A t cos? A] (sin A +1—cos A) (1+sin A) cos A — cos? A+sin A cos A = LAA ES: cos A (1— cos A +sin A) ‘cos A Prove the following identities : ‘i 1, SAZ1 _ Inco8 A 18. eAtunA ~ A tan A secA+1 ~ 1+cosA peer $5 keene 1 9, LtsinA _ cosee A+1 + cosee A+ COLA cose A—cot A 1-sinA ~ cosec A=1 3 1 20, SeAn tn 2 sec A tan A +2 tan? A } an Apoorva = 008 A sin A sec fp tecths ‘A 1-2cos? A 21. (sin A + cosec A)? + (cos A + sec A)? . tan A — cot A= +708 A oor As “Sim A cos A = 7+ tan? A+ co®A 5. sint A cost A = 2 sin? A-1 20, sec? A. cosec? A = tan? A+ col A+ 2 6. (1 - tan AY + (1 + tan A)? = 2 sec*A [2005] ‘i i 4 2am 2 ee 2 7. cosect A — cosec? A = cot A + cot? A . Treo t [eosa = 2 nsec? A 8. sec A (1 ~ sin A) (sec A + tan A) = 1 9. cosee A (1 + cos A) (cosec A- cot A) = 1 24, 1 Pe ns dees 2 ated 2 I=sinA * Trsin A 10. sec? A + cosec? A = sec? A . cosec? A 1+ tan? A) cot A 1, Se NRA mA 25 EA cosec” A. ‘cosec A = 12, tan? A= sin? A= tan? A. sin? A eae wecih. 2 2 a 3. 26. + = 2 cosec? A 13. cot? A — cos? A = cos? A. cot? A secA+1 * secA-1 . 2 14, (cosec A + sin A) (cosec A — sin A) L+c0s A tan? A = cot? A + cos? A 2). eos A = (Gee A-1)* (2012) 15. (see A — cos A) (sec A + cos A) cot? A. 1-sinA = sin? A + tan? A 2B. Ceosec A+I)? = T+sin A 16. (cos A + sin A)’ + (cos A ~ sin A)? = 2 go, Ltn | coBAY yg + 17. (Cosec A -sin A) (sec A — cos A) (tan A +cot A) cos A l+sin A =11-sinA < Sia Ay 30. Tyain a 7 (ee A~ tan Ay 40. [2000] cos A 31. (cot A ~ cosec AYP = Ty a), fees sin te * VitcosA ~ 1+cos A (2080, 2813) 2 jp, come Ant -( cos A ) oo (Esme eo cosec A+1 ~ (1+sin A, Vk LA pay oa 2 sin? A-sin? B cos? A 33. tan? A tan? B= ties =sinA 2001 cos? A.cos? B eek = in A-2sin? A fete S0e 2 ee 4 FotAcoma TMA Sin A-+oos A * sin A—cos A” 1—2cos” A (2002) sin F 35. Tracy A 7 osee A— cot A (2008) | 5 simAteos A | sin A-cos A 2 * ‘sin A—cos A ~ sin A+cosA ~ 2sin? A-1 36, Ao sec A + tan A * 1-sinA ~ ag, SAtooseo ART 1+cos A sin AtanA * cotA-cosecA+1 ~ sinA 37, SBARDA a1 +sec A 1=cos A gy Stan ‘ 38. (1 +c0t A~cosee A) (1 + tan A+ sec A)=2 cag: Tee La cos @ cot @ T+sing 7c O- 1 cosA sinA 5 @ Prove thats) Trang * Toaota 7 SAT SIDA (2015) 1 (i) (4 + tan? A) + (1 + tenta? * sin? A-sin* A A Solution : 2 cos A sin A @ LMS.= Toa * Toot A. cos A sin A. ~ 1 _ sin 1-208 A cos A sin A cos A-sin A A-sin A) Atsin A) = eAnsin A) COSA TSINA) _ oo a 4 sin A= RHS. cos A—sin A1 ii) L.AS. = > a (ii) LS. (1 + tan’ A)+( +o) = sec? A + (1 + cot? A) = sec? A + cosec? A 1 1 sin? A+cos* A 1 + = ; ee ee cos*A ~ sin? A~ cos” Asin? A ~ cos? Asin? A @ ‘tan a+ sin A= mand tan A - sin A= 7; ar prove that : m? - n2 = 4/mn . Solution : mn? = (m+n) (m-n) = (tan A + sin A + tan A — sin A) (tan A + sin A — tan A+sin A) = (2 tan A) (2 sin A) = 4 tan A sin A oA) 4vimn = 4,(an A+sin A) (tan A—sin A) = 4 Vian? A-sin? A sin? A = ~sin? A cos =4sin A sec? A-1 L =~ = sec? Al cos? A =4sinA. tan A mt) [e+ sec? A - 1 = tan? A] Slee (From I and 11) Hence Proved. © x= asec A cos B, y= b sec A sin B and z = ¢ tan A; show that : xe ap a (asec A cos B)? 4 (sec A sin By — (ctan A)?a’ sec’ A cos’ B —_—se a b? sec? A sin? B etn A v a = sec? A cos? B + sec? A sin? B - tan? A = sec? A (cos? B + sin? B) — tan? A = sec? A - tan? A = 1=RES. [-: cos? B + sin? B = 1] [> sec? A- tan? A = 1] 1. Prove that : cos A. snA @ Tuan A * Tooota 7 Sin A+ cos A [2003] . cossA+sin?A cos’ A-sin? A _ Oe cosA+sinA * cosAqsinA ~ iii) tan A cot A = e Atl Gi) oora + Touan A 7820 Acosec A+ 1) 1y (iv) (wax) + (ma-—) 1+sin? A = 2A, 1-sin? A (v) 2 sin? A + cost A= 1+ sin? A sin A-sinB cos A+c0s B * (vii) (cosec A ~ sin A) (sec A — cos A) ae e, ~ tan A-+cot A (vili) (1 + tan A, tan BY + (tan A — tan BY? = sec? A sec? B . If. x cos A+ y sin A= m and x sin A — y cos A = n, then prove that : Pearman . If m =a sec A +b tan A and n=atan A+ sec A, then prove that : m-P=a-P . If x =r sin A cos B, y = r sin A sin B and z= rcos A, then prove that : B+ye2er . If sin A + cos A = m and sec A + cosec A =n, show that : n(o-1)=2m . If x = r cos A cos B, y = r cos A sin B and z=rsin A, show that : veyecar? cos A cos A cosB = ™ 4 SinB show that : (mn? + n*) cos? B =n? [21.5] Trigonometrical Ratios of Complementary Angles : | For an acute angle A, ~ @ sin (90° — A) = cos A, (iii) tan (90° — A) = cot A, (¥) sec (90° A) = cosec A and Gi) cos (90° — A) = sin A, (iv) cot (90° — A) = tan A, (vi) cosec (90° - A) = sec A.Find the value of x, if : cos x = cos 60" cos 30° + sin 60° sin 30°. . x= 30° Ans. © Given cos 38° sec (90° - 2A) = 1; find the value of angle A. Solution : cos 38° sec (90°- 2A) =1 => cos 38° cosec 2A = 1 => cos 38° x = sin 2A = cos 38° = cos (90° ~ 52°) => sin 2A = sin 52° [+ cos (90° - @) = sin 6] » 2A = 52° and A = 26° Ans. EXERCISE 21(C) 1. Show that : 4. For triangle ABC, show that : @ tan 10° tan 15° tan 75° tan 80° = 1 ae @ sin = cos > (ii) sin 42° sec 48° + cos 42° cosec 48° = wa B22 ond aay Sin26° cos 26° i 2 Toy Wi) Cae tomer =? 5. Evaluate : 2. Express each of the following in terms of angles between 0° and 45° : @ 3. (i) sin 59° + tan 63° Gi) cosec 68° + cot 72° sin72° _ _sec32° cos 18° cosec 58° (ii) 3 cos 80° cosec 10° + 2 sin 59° sec 31°. (2013) (ii) cos 74° + see 67 ii) 380 ain 59° a. ae 3. Show that : HD) Fete * Sin 59° see 31 [2007] fy ae RB a (iv) tan (55° - A) - cot (35° + A) sin (90° =A) * cos (90°— A) (¥) cosec (65° + A) — sec (25° — A) e sin A.cos (90°- A)cos A. jy 2 tans7? _ cot 70? 4 i) sin A cos A — = ORLA (vi) 2. cota" tan 20° 2 cos 45 gis 2950 cos A sin (90° A) sin A wy AE sin” 75) = pose (90°— AY tan? 49° “cos? 15°cos 70° sin 20° * cos 59° sin 31° (ix) 14 sin 30° + 6 cos 60° 5 tan 45°. [2004] (viii) — 8 sin? 30° 2 A triangle ABC is right angled at B; find the sec A .cosec C - tan A .cot sinB Find (in each case, given below) the value of x, i (i) sin x = sin 60° cos 30° — cos 60° sin 30° Gi) sin x = sin 60° cos 30° + cos 60° sin 30° (iii) cos x = cos 60° cos 30° — sin 60° sin 30° tan 60° ~ tan 30° value of _ (iv) tan x = 1+ tan 60°tan30° (v) sin 2x = 2 sin 45° cos 45° (vi) sin 3x = 2 sin 30° cos 30° (vii) cos (2x ~ 6°) = cos? 30° — cos? 60° 8. In cach case, given below, find the value of angle A, where 0° < A < 90°. (@ sin (90° — 3A)-cosec 42° = 1 (ii) cos (90° ~ A)- sec 7 9, Prove that : ) £08(90°-@)c050 @ nb 1 — cos? @ .. sin d-sin(90°-0) ) RO Tt sine 10. Evaluate : inate SS ta isis cosec” 10° tan? 80° 11. Evaluate : sin? 34° + sin? 56° +2 tan 18° tan 72° — cot? 30° [2014] Using the Trigonometrical Tables : (ie., to find the trigonometrical ratios of acute angles other than 0°, 30°, 45° and 60°) The trigonometrical tables give the values of natural sines, cosines and tangents to four decimal places. A trigonometrical table consists of three parts : @ a column on the extreme left which contains degrees from 0° to 89°. (ii) ten columms headed by 0’, 6’, 12’, 18’, 24’, 30°, 36° 42’, 48” and 54’ respectively. (iii) five columns headed by 1’, 2’, 3’, 4’ and 5” respectively. Note : When one degree (1°) is divided into sixty equal parts, each part is called one minute (1’). One degree = 60 minute ie. 1° = 60. Since sin 36° 51’ = sin (36° 48’ + 3’)From table, sin 36° 48’ =0-5990 [Sce the number in the row against 36° & in the column headed 48’) diff for 3” = 0-0007 (To add) [See the number in the same row and under 3’] <. sin 36° 51’ = 0-5997 Ans. tan 53° 38’. Solution : See the table for natural tangents : Since tan 53° 38’ = tan (53° 36’ + 2’) tan 53° 36’ = 1-3564 [From table] diff for 2’ = 0-0016 [To add] tan 53° 38’ = 1:3580 Ans. §) Find cos 62° 27’, Solution : Sce the table for natural cosines : 62 | _0-4695 [4633 — Since cos 62° 27’ = cos (62° 24’ + 3’) cos 62° 24’ 0-4633, {From table] diff for 3’ = 0.0008 [To subtract] cos 62° 27 = 0-4625 Ans. Note : The trigonometrical tables can also be used to find an acute angle. From the table, it is clear that; sin 35° 24’ = 05793sin @ — sin 35° 24’ = 0.5798 - 0-5793 = 0-0005 From the table; diff of 2’ 0.0005 @ = 35° 24° +2’ = 35° 26" Ans. Given, cos @ = 0-4457 cos 63° 36’ = 0-4446 [From table] diff. in values = 0-011 [0-4457 — 0.4446 = 0-0011] From table, diff of 4’ = 0-0011 [To subtract] @ = 63° 36’— 4’ = 63° 32’ (Ans) [Greater is the value of cos 8, lesser is 8] ii) Similarly, given that tan @ = 0-8516 And, from the table of natural tangents, we observe : tan 40° 24” = 0-8511 Giff. in values = 0-0005 [08516 - 0.8511 = 0.0005) Since, diff. for 1’ = 0-0005 [From table] @ = 40° 24’ + 1’ = 40° 25° Ans. EXERCISE 21( 1. Use tables to find sine of : 4, Use tables to find the acute angle @, if the value @ 21° Gi) 34° 42° of sin @ is : ii) 47° 32° (iv) 62° 57’ Gi) 0-4848 Gi) 0-3827 (v) 10° 20° + 20° 45° ii) 0.6525 Wie ios tsbien teed Saw 5. Use blest find the aie angle 8, the vale @ 24 Gi) 8° 12" ; : 3 0.9848 0.9574 Gi) 26° 327 Gv) 65° 4" he © (v) 9° 23’ + 15° 54° ep Cones 6. Use tables to find the acute angle 8, if the value 3, Use trigonometrical tables to find tangent of : of tan @ is: @ 37 (ii) 42° 18° ( 02419 (ii) 0-4741 iii) 17° 27° Gii) 0-7391. Prove the following identities : @ 2cos A 2eos? A-1 sin A Teos A Gi) cosee A ~ cot A = sin A T+ 00s A ii) 1 - 1-cos A, @) Gna ©) ma (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) fi=cosK _ _sin A ©) Vixeos T¥eos A 1+ (sec A ~ tan AY? Gi) Cosee A(GecA— tana) = 2 tan A (cosec A —cot A)? +1 Grid) Seca (cosec A—cot A) = 2 Ct A (xiii) cot? A ( (xiv) (xv) sect A (1 = sint A) ~ 2 tan? A= 1 (xvi) cosec* A (1 - cost A) ~ 2 cot? A= I (xvii) (1 + tan. A+ sec A) (1 + cot A~cosec A) =2 2. If sin A + cos A=p and sec A + cosec A = q, then prove that : qe? - 1) = 2p. 3. If x = a cos @ and y = 6 cot 6, show that : a aye! 4, If sec A + tan A = p, show that = 2 : pn sin A= pat 5. If tan A =n tan B and sin A = m sin B, prove that © Ls 3 AL = maT 6. (i) If 2 sin A- 1 = 0, show that : sin 3A = 3 sin A~4 sin? A Gi) If 4 cos? A - 3 = 0, show that : cos 3 A= 4 cos A - 3 cos A [2001] 7. Evaluate : tan 35°)? (cot 55°)” 4 sec40° @ ease) * i cots) * (tan 35°) ~” ( cosee 50° [2011] (ii) sec 26° sin 64° + Ssin 66° cos 24° 2eot 85° tan 5° ii) $ (iv) cos 40° cosec 50° +-sin 50° sec 40° (y) sin 27° sin 63° — cos 63° cos 27° _. 3sin72° __sec32° (i) “cos 18° — cosec 58° ove (vii) 3 cos 80° cosec 10° + 2 cos 59° cosec 31° [2002] cos 75° sin 12° _ cos 18” (vii) “Gn 15° * cos 78° sin 72° ee) 8. Prove that : (i) tan (55° + x) = cot (35° — x) (ii) sec (70° — 8) = cosec (20° + @) (iii) sin (28° + A) = cos (62° — A) 1 1 6) Treanor =A) * Tos @P=AY = 2 cosec? (90° — A) 1 1 © Trem @0r—ay * T=sin 00°—A) = 2 sec? (90° — A)9. If A and B are complementary angles, prove that : (i cot B + cos B = sec A cos B (1 + sin B) Gii) cot A cot B - sin A.cos B — cos Asin B = 0 (iii) cosec? A + cosec? B = cosec? A cosec? B _» simA+sinB | cos B-cos A 2 WY) Gn A=sin B® copB+cos A ~ 2sinm@A=1 10. Prove that : rs 1 2eos A oso ee =e cot? A ‘owes i ~ 1 = 080° A i) cos A. Tiana = 8c A-tan A (iv) cos A (1 + cot A) + sin A (1 + tan A) = sec A + cosec A (v) (sin A cos A) (1 + tan A + cot A) sec cosec A sec? A, an (vi) ysec? A+cosec? A’ = tan A + cot A (vii) (sin A + cos A) (sec A + cosec A) = 2-4 sec A cosec A (viii) (lan A + cot A) (cosec A — sin A) (sec A — cos A) = 1 2 2 (Gx) cot? A - cot? B = 28 —A=cos_B sin? Asin? B = cosec? A — cosec” B 11. If 4 cos? A~3 =0 and 0° A S90”, then prove that : 3 sin A— 4 sin? A cos? A-3.cos A oa ae ‘and cos A= 8 A= 30" @) sin 3A = sin 90° =1 ‘and, 3 sin A- 4 sin? A = 3 sin 30° ~ 4 sin? 30° (@ 2 cos*A-1=0 (ii) sin3A-1=0 Gii) 4 sin? A-3 =0 (iv) cos? A~cos A= 0 (v) 2 cos? A+ cos A-1=0 13. If 0° < A < 90°; find A, if : cos A cos A ; th © Taina * Trsin (i) sin A. sin AL 2 secA-1 secA+1 14, Prove that : (cosec A sin A) (sec A~ cos A) sec? A = tan A (2011) 15. Prove the identity (sin @ + cos @) (tan © + cot 8) sec @ + cosec [2014]