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Particle Motion on Inclined Planes

Two particles of different masses are connected by a light inextensible string that passes over a fixed smooth pulley. The particles hang vertically and are released from rest. The acceleration of the heavier particle is 6 m/s^2. The problem is to find the tension in the string.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

21 views24 pages

Particle Motion on Inclined Planes

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jamilacoleeng

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Connected particles

1 Two particles A and B, of masses 0.8 kg and 0.2 kg respectively, are connected by a light inextensible
string that passes over a fixed smooth pulley. The particles hang vertically. The system is released
from rest. Show that the acceleration of A has magnitude 6 m s−2 and find the tension in the string.
[4]

................................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/F/M/18

2
P

A B
0.8 kg 1.2 kg

45! 30!

The diagram shows a triangular block with sloping faces inclined to the horizontal at 45! and 30!.
Particle A of mass 0.8 kg lies on the face inclined at 45! and particle B of mass 1.2 kg lies on the face
inclined at 30!. The particles are connected by a light inextensible string which passes over a small
smooth pulley P fixed at the top of the faces. The parts AP and BP of the string are parallel to lines
of greatest slope of the respective faces. The particles are released from rest with both parts of the
string taut. In the subsequent motion neither particle reaches the pulley and neither particle reaches
the bottom of a face.

(i) Given that both faces are smooth, find the speed of A after each particle has travelled a distance
of 0.4 m. [6]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/41/M/J/18

(ii) It is given instead that both faces are rough. The coefficient of friction between each particle and
a face of the block is ". Find the value of " for which the system is in limiting equilibrium. [6]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/41/M/J/18 [Turn over

3
A 2.5 m P
1.6 kg
B
2.4 kg
1m

30!

As shown in the diagram, a particle A of mass 1.6 kg lies on a horizontal plane and a particle B of
mass 2.4 kg lies on a plane inclined at an angle of 30! to the horizontal. The particles are connected
by a light inextensible string which passes over a small smooth pulley P fixed at the top of the inclined
plane. The distance AP is 2.5 m and the distance of B from the bottom of the inclined plane is 1 m.
There is a barrier at the bottom of the inclined plane preventing any further motion of B. The part BP
of the string is parallel to a line of greatest slope of the inclined plane. The particles are released from
rest with both parts of the string taut.

(i) Given that both planes are smooth, find the acceleration of A and the tension in the string. [5]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/M/J/18

(ii) It is given instead that the horizontal plane is rough and that the coefficient of friction between A
and the horizontal plane is 0.2. The inclined plane is smooth. Find the total distance travelled
by A. [9]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/M/J/18 [Turn over

4
P

A 1.6 kg
0.8 kg B

Two particles A and B, of masses 0.8 kg and 1.6 kg respectively, are connected by a light inextensible
string. Particle A is placed on a smooth plane inclined at an angle ! to the horizontal, where sin ! = 35 .
The string passes over a small smooth pulley P fixed at the top of the plane, and B hangs freely (see
diagram). The section AP of the string is parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane. The particles
are released from rest with both sections of the string taut. Use an energy method to find the speed
of the particles after each particle has moved a distance of 0.5 m, assuming that A has not yet reached
the pulley. [6]

................................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/43/M/J/18

5 Two particles A and B, of masses m kg and 0.3 kg respectively, are attached to the ends of a light
inextensible string. The string passes over a fixed smooth pulley and the particles hang freely below
it. The system is released from rest, with both particles 0.8 m above horizontal ground. Particle A
reaches the ground with a speed of 0.6 m s−1 .

(i) Find the tension in the string during the motion before A reaches the ground. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Find the value of m. [2]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/41/O/N/18 [Turn over

P
0.4 kg
Q 0.7 kg

Two particles P and Q, of masses 0.4 kg and 0.7 kg respectively, are attached to the ends of a light
inextensible string. The string passes over a fixed smooth pulley which is attached to the edge of a
rough plane. The coefficient of friction between P and the plane is 0.5. The plane is inclined at an
angle ! to the horizontal, where tan ! = 34 . Particle P lies on the plane and particle Q hangs vertically.
The string between P and the pulley is parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane (see diagram).
A force of magnitude X N, acting directly down the plane, is applied to P.

(i) Show that the greatest value of X for which P remains stationary is 6.2. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/O/N/18

(ii) Given instead that X = 0.8, find the acceleration of P. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/O/N/18 [Turn over

P Q
0.3 kg 0.5 kg

Two particles P and Q, of masses 0.3 kg and 0.5 kg respectively, are attached to the ends of a light
inextensible string. The string passes over a fixed smooth pulley with the particles hanging freely
below it. Q is held at rest with the string taut at a height of h m above a horizontal floor (see diagram).
Q is now released and both particles start to move. The pulley is sufficiently high so that P does not
reach it at any stage. The time taken for Q to reach the floor is 0.6 s.

(i) Find the acceleration of Q before it reaches the floor and hence find the value of h. [6]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/43/O/N/18

Q remains at rest when it reaches the floor, and P continues to move upwards.

(ii) Find the velocity of P at the instant when Q reaches the floor and the total time taken from the
instant at which Q is released until the string becomes taut again. [3]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2018 9709/43/O/N/18 [Turn over

8
P

A 0.2 kg B
0.4 kg

0.5 m
!"

Two particles A and B, of masses 0.4 kg and 0.2 kg respectively, are connected by a light inextensible
string. Particle A is held on a smooth plane inclined at an angle of !" to the horizontal. The string
passes over a small smooth pulley P fixed at the top of the plane, and B hangs freely 0.5 m above
horizontal ground (see diagram). The particles are released from rest with both sections of the string
taut.

(i) Given that the system is in equilibrium, find !. [3]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/M/J/19

(ii) It is given instead that ! = 20. In the subsequent motion particle A does not reach P and B
remains at rest after reaching the ground.
(a) Find the tension in the string and the acceleration of the system. [4]

................................................................................................................................................

(b) Find the speed of A at the instant B reaches the ground. [2]

................................................................................................................................................

[Question 6 continues on the next page.]

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/M/J/19 [Turn over

................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/M/J/19

A B
0.4 kg 0.2 kg

0.5 m

Two particles A and B, of masses 0.4 kg and 0.2 kg respectively, are connected by a light inextensible
string which passes over a fixed smooth pulley. Both A and B are 0.5 m above the ground. The
particles hang vertically (see diagram). The particles are released from rest. In the subsequent motion
B does not reach the pulley and A remains at rest after reaching the ground.

(i) For the motion before A reaches the ground, show that the magnitude of the acceleration of each
particle is 10
3
m s−2 and find the tension in the string. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 9709/42/M/J/19

(ii) Find the maximum height of B above the ground. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 9709/42/M/J/19 [Turn over

1.3 kg A

B 0.7 kg
1.75 m

Two particles A and B, of masses 1.3 kg and 0.7 kg respectively, are connected by a light inextensible
string which passes over a smooth fixed pulley. Particle A is 1.75 m above the floor and particle B
is 1 m above the floor (see diagram). The system is released from rest with the string taut, and the
particles move vertically. When the particles are at the same height the string breaks.

(i) Show that, before the string breaks, the magnitude of the acceleration of each particle is 3 m s−2
and find the tension in the string. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Find the difference in the times that it takes the particles to hit the ground. [6]

........................................................................................................................................................

11
36 N
5 kg
4 kg B
A

Two blocks A and B of masses 4 kg and 5 kg respectively are joined by a light inextensible string. The
7 . The string is
blocks rest on a smooth plane inclined at an angle ! to the horizontal, where tan ! = 24
parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane with B above A. A force of magnitude 36 N acts on B,
parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane (see diagram).

(i) Find the acceleration of the blocks and the tension in the string. [5]

........................................................................................................................................................

(ii) At a particular instant, the speed of the blocks is 1 m s−1 . Find the time, after this instant, that it
takes for the blocks to travel 0.65 m. [2]

........................................................................................................................................................

Q
0.2 kg
P
0.3 kg
0.8 m

Two particles P and Q, of masses 0.3 kg and 0.2 kg respectively, are attached to the ends of a light
inextensible string. The string passes over a fixed smooth pulley which is attached to the edge of a
smooth plane. The plane is inclined at an angle ! to the horizontal, where sin ! = 35 . P lies on the
plane and Q hangs vertically below the pulley at a height of 0.8 m above the floor (see diagram). The
string between P and the pulley is parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane. P is released from
rest and Q moves vertically downwards.

(i) Find the tension in the string and the magnitude of the acceleration of the particles. [5]

........................................................................................................................................................

Q hits the floor and does not bounce. It is given that P does not reach the pulley in the subsequent
motion.

(ii) Find the time, from the instant at which P is released, for Q to reach the floor. [2]

........................................................................................................................................................

(iii) When Q hits the floor the string becomes slack. Find the time, from the instant at which P is
released, for the string to become taut again. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

A B
m kg km kg

0.81 m

Two particles A and B have masses m kg and km kg respectively, where k > 1. The particles are
attached to the ends of a light inextensible string. The string passes over a fixed smooth pulley and
the particles hang vertically below it. Both particles are at a height of 0.81 m above horizontal ground
(see diagram). The system is released from rest and particle B reaches the ground 0.9 s later. The
particle A does not reach the pulley in its subsequent motion.

(i) Find the value of k and show that the tension in the string before B reaches the ground is equal
to 12m N. [7]

........................................................................................................................................................

At the instant when B reaches the ground, the string breaks.

(ii) Show that the speed of A when it reaches the ground is 5.97 m s−1 , correct to 3 significant figures,
and find the time taken, after the string breaks, for A to reach the ground. [4]

........................................................................................................................................................

(iii) Sketch a velocity-time graph for the motion of particle A from the instant when the system is
released until A reaches the ground. [2]

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Particle Motion on Inclined Planes

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Particle Motion on Inclined Planes

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Connected particles

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/F/M/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/41/M/J/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/41/M/J/18 [Turn over

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/M/J/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/M/J/18 [Turn over

© UCLES 2018 9709/43/M/J/18

(ii) Find the value of m. [2]

© UCLES 2018 9709/41/O/N/18 [Turn over

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/O/N/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/42/O/N/18 [Turn over

© UCLES 2018 9709/43/O/N/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/43/O/N/18 [Turn over

(i) Given that the system is in equilibrium, find !. [3]

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/M/J/19

[Question 6 continues on the next page.]

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/M/J/19 [Turn over

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/M/J/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/42/M/J/19

(ii) Find the maximum height of B above the ground. [4]

© UCLES 2019 9709/42/M/J/19 [Turn over

© UCLES 2019 9709/43/M/J/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/43/M/J/19 [Turn over

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/O/N/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/41/O/N/19 [Turn over

© UCLES 2019 9709/42/O/N/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/42/O/N/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/43/O/N/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/43/O/N/19

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