An Introduction to RIO Text ProcessingPrice: $2.00 03.0310-01 Revision A. April 1978 Copyright ©1978 by Zilog tne. All rights reserved. No par ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any ‘means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permision of Zilog. Zilog assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Zilog product. No other circuit patent licenses are implied.TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Number INTRODUCTION 1 ILLUSTRATIONS 23 FIRST THINGS FIRST About Disks 4 Getting Ready 4 What is a File? 5 Creating a File 6 Mistekes in Typing 7 Double (Etc.) Spacing 7 Adding Text to the File 8 Getting out of EDIT (A) 8 Turning your File Into a Hard Copy 9 Creating a Backup Disk 9 USING THE RIO TEXT EDITOR What is EDIT? " Getting into EDIT 12 Locating a String: The "L" Command 12 Making a Change: The "Cc" Command 13 Locating a String: The "Pp" and "U" Commands 13 Replacing a Line: The "R" Command 4 Locating 2 String: The "a" and "N" Commands 4 Deleting Text: The "DE" Command 15 Locating a String: The "BY Command 16 Adding Text: The "I" Command 16 Getting out of EDIT (B) 16 Routine Bditing Session Wrapup 16 End Result 7III. OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION Initializing Rio Editor Command Summary Pormatting a New System Disk Formatting a New User Disk How to List the Directory of Files How to Delete a File How to Copy a Disk How to Copy a File Making Changes Without Slash Marks Iv. GLOSSARY v. OTHER ZILOG MANUALS 18 18 19 19 20 20 2 22 22 24AN INTRODUCTION TO RIO. TEXT PROCESSING INTRODUCTION This manual has been designed with you, the beginner, in mind---both the absolute beginner (that person who has never touched 2 computer) and the relative beginner (that person who has never used a RIO system). Our purpose here is to give a general overview; we went to show you the high spots end get you going. Once you've learned the fundamentals of RIO (RIO stands for Relocatable Modules and I/O Mangement), you may refer to other Zilog docu- ments (described in Section IV) which have been designed for the more sophisticated user. Learning to use the RIO opereting system is like learning anything else---once you get familiar with it, it will seem easy. Try to spend 2 few uninterrupted hours getting to know your system. As you reed through the following self-tutorial pages, put into practice what you learn, Don't just reed about it---try itSlide in this way FIGURE 1 - DisketteFIGURE 21. FIRST THINGS FIRST About Disks Disks (see Figure 1) both supply and receive information necessary for the computer's operation. The disk contains "files" of information that might be either progrems which tell the computer what to do or data files which you create The disk that contains the information necessary to run RIO is called the System Disk and is usually inserted on the right-hand side of the computer (Figure 2A). The disk on. which data is stored is called the User Disk and is usually placed on the left-hand side of the computer (Figure 2B). Disks must be "formatted" before they can be used Formatting is a way the computer has of segmenting the disk into fixed, addressable parts. If your machine is brand new you will have to format 2 User Disk before you undertake the following tutoriel; refer to Section ITT for instructions on formatting both System and User Disks. If your machine has been in use for a while, there might be User & System Disks available with which you can take the tutorial. From now on we will call the right-hand side of the computer (Figure 2A) Drive 0; the left-hand side (Figure 2B) will be called Drive 2 (that's if you have a Microcomputer Zilog (MCZ) System; if you have @ Zilog Development (ZDS) System, the left-hand side is called Drive 1; for the purposes of this tutorial, however, we will assume you have an MCZ). Getting Ready Turn your system on. The on/off switch for your RIO system is located in the rear (Figure 2E) of the system housing. You will be typing into the system on a keyboerd with 2 screen or printer attached (more about this later), and it will elso have an on/off switch. Next thing is to obtain formatted User and System Disks and put them in the machine. Remember that the System Disk belongs in Drive 0; the User Disk in Drive 2. Slide them into the machine. It's difficult to describe what position the disks should be in as they slide into the machine---the labeled end should enter last; if you are to the right of the machine, the seamedsides of the disks should be facing away from you; the directional arrows in Figure 1 will assist you in the disks' insertion. Once the disks "click" into place shut the doors by sliding them to the left. Now press the button marked RESET on your computer and type a carriage return on your terminal. This process is called Bootstrapping and you are doing all of this so that a percent sign---%---will appear on your terminal screen or printer. This sign, which we call a prompt sign, meens the computer is ready to accept commands. After you see the $ sign, you are ready to create a file. What is a Pile? We will soon try to create a file. Imagine the files you create as individual documents stored in the computer. You can call them forth at will to change them, add to or subtract from them, or print them into a hard copy (more about printouts later). Each file has its own name so it can be easily located by the computer. Creating a "new" file on the computer is essentially the same as creating a new document on a typewriter. Blank paper, after being inserted in e typewriter end having date typed onto it, becomes a document. A RIO disk, after being properly inserted in the system and having data typed onto it, also becomes a "document"---or more properly, becomes the vehicle through which the data becomes a document when printed into hard copy---computer slang for the actual ink-on-paper representation of what a computer file contains. Most likely you are equipped with 2 machine that can turn your file into a hard copy. You might be typing on a terminel that produces a herd copy as you work; or you might have a separate printer. Since we don't know what kind of printer you have, we can't tell you how to use it. If you don't know, then consult your local electronics wizard. At any rate, after you have worked in a file, you will usually produce a hard copy of the file. If you make changes on the hard copy, you can then re-enter the file on the RIO System and make those same changes a permanent part of the file. When you make corrections to a document prepared on a typewriter, it must be completely retyped if there aremajor revisions; at the very least, there is much fuss made with cutting, pasting, whiting out, etc. On the RIO system, you simply locate the appropriate line to which a correction, addition or deletion must be made and make the change. When it is printed into hard copy it will reflect all changes with a minimum of your effort having been expended. Creating a File Now that you have some idee of what files are, let's create one so that you can actually experience creating and editing a file for yourself. The file we'll create here will be quite simple and short but, nonetheless, it will give you a good idea of how to go about creating your own files in the future. Let's call our first file APHORISMS. Make sure the prompt sign (%) is visible; if it is not, Bootstrap. There will be two things going on in all of the following instructions---you will be typing on the terminal into the computer, and the computer will be "answering" you on your screen or printer. In all of these instructions, what you are supposed to type will be underlined; whet the computer responds will not be underlined; if you are to type a carriage return, this symbol, -> , will so indicate. With all of this in mind, then, type, EDIT APHORISMS -> EDIT 1. NEW FILE INPUT (When you type EDIT APHORISMS, you are naming a file; the computer searches its memory and, since it cannot locate a file named APHORISMS, it states that it is a new file; it also states that you may now "input" into the file---i.e., you may now add text to the file). In the following material, we will not be indicating carriage returns, -> , for the straight input of text; we'll show them only for commands to the computer to differentiate between what you type and what the computer "answers". For the inputting of the aphorisms, you should insert carriage returns so that your aphorisms look the same as the ones in this menual.So, type into the computer, A penny saved is a penny earned. Mistakes in Typing If you moke a typing mistake and see it before the carriage return has been typed, there are two ways to recover. You can erase the last character typed by typing a "control-h"---that is, hold down the “control” key and type the letter "h". Successive uses of the "will bring you back to the beginning of the If you want to wipe out an entire line in one easy movement, type the “delete” button. ‘This will bring you back to the beginning of the line Double (Etc.) Spacing =~ You will often want to skip spaces between paragraphs or chapters when typing. Unlike typing on a regular typewriter, however, you don't accomplish this by repeatedly pressing the carriage return, Instead, for each additional space you want, press the carriage return, then touch the long space bar located at the bottom of the keyboard then press the carriage return again. In other words each touch of the carriage return must be accompanied by a touch of the space ber (if you carriage return twice in succession without touching the space bar, you will go out of INPUT and into EDIT). Double-space after your last aphorism, and let's keep inputting.Adding Text to the File Here are a few more golden words for your aphoristic collection. ‘Type these in and then we'll close the file. A stitch in time saves nine. Into each life a little rain must fall. Every cloud has a silver lining. A rolling stone gathers no moss. You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink. Getting out of EDIT (A) Had enough? Let's close the file, then. To do this, you must go from INPUT mode back into EDIT---you accomplish this by pressing the carriage return twice in succession On your screen or printer should appear, EDIT > This mark (>), by the way, is the Editor's way of asking for a command. In this case, since you want to get out of EDIT, you will respond by typing >QuIT -> g Important! You should only remove your disks from the machine when the prompt sign (%) is present. Never remove the disks when the red lights (Figure 2D) are lit. If the prompt sign is present and the lights are not lit, remove the disks by pressing the bars immediately to the left of the respective doors on the machine (Figure 2D); the disks will pop out.Turning Your File Into a Hard Copy This is a good time to produce a hard copy (see "What is @ File?") to which you cen refer as you make changes. Creating 2 Backup Disk You will shortly make changes to your APHORISM file, but before doing so let's make 2 backup disk. Keep this disk only for backing up files. In this way you'll have an exact copy of your files on hand in case anything goes wrong with the originals while you work on them. When you start using the computer regularly, you'll find it's a good idea to backup freguently. At some point (like when you've worked for days on a deadline project and then you accidentally wipe out your entire file), you'll be really glad you did! Making @ backup is simple. First of all, you need another formatted user disk. If you don't have one, make one now (refer to Section III); lebel it "BACKUP"---agein, it's convenient to have one disk which you use only for backup. Put the disk which contains the file you will copy into Drive 2. Put the System Disk into Drive 0, Shut both doors end Bootstrap. Then type, SMOVE, -> MOVE, e Remove the System Disk. Insert into Drive 0 the backup disk and close the door. Then instruct the computer to copy the file by typing APHORISMS ~) FILENAME DRIVE APHORISMS 2 a What you have done is instruct the computer to move the APHORISMS file from its source in Drive 2 (S=2) to its destination in Drive 0 (D=0)When the red lights stop flashing end the prompt sign appears, the file has been copied. Remove the back- up and save it; return the System Disk to Drive 0. Close the doors and you're ready to make corrections. (There is 21so a wey to copy an entire disk if you wish. See Section Iv). 10II. USING THE RTO TEXT EDITOR Whet is EDIT? In defining the traditional sense of the word "edit", Webster's dictionary gives as good @ definition as any for the EDIT function on your RTO system To make (written material) suitable for publication or presentation. Your RIO system makes editing a document an extremely easy task. If you remove a paragraph, it does not leave & Paregraph-length blank space: it closes up the space auto- matically. It's a simple matter to completely revise a sentence, chenge 2 word, correct @ spelling error, add or delete text. The BDIT function on your RIO System is @ tool entirely at your disposal which will, indeed, make it eesier for you “to make written material suitable for publication or presentation." The RIO Editor is line-oriented, which means that i locates lines within the file which contain the "string" you instruct it to find. A string is a sequence of characters set aside by some special string separators--~ usually slash marks, but not elways (See this section, "Making 2 Change: "C" Command"; see Section III, "Making Chenges without Slash Marks"). The Editor searches the file to locate whet you have contained within this string. When you start an editing session you are at the "top" of the file---in document terms this means that you are at the first line of the first page. The Editor works downward into the file just as you would read down a page of text, turn it over, and read down the next. There are commands that will bring you back to the top of the file (Top, Up), or quickly bring you to the bottom of the file (Bottom) In the next subsection we will edit our APHORISMS file and you will see first-hand how the Editor functions. "Getting into EDIT You ere going to edit @ file named APHORISMS, so type SEDIT APHORISMS -> EDIT APHORTSNS— EDIT 1.1 > Compare this to the interaction we hed with the computer when we created @ new file (Section I). Since the APHORISMS file is already contained on the disk, the System does not inform us that it is a "new" file. It also does not auto- matically put us into TNPUT You are now in Edit. Loceting @ String: The The magic letter here is "L"---it stenés for Locate Let's say we want to locate "Every cloud has a silver lining," and change it to something more in tune with reality- say, “Every Rolls Royce has a silver lining." So we type, Command L /eloud/ -> The computer "knows", due to the way it's been programmed that the letter L followed by 2 space which is in turn followed by a string separator, is a command to Locate what is contained within the string separators (in this case, slash marks). The computer seerches the APHORISMS file from the top downward until it comes to the first occurrence of what has been contained within the string separators, end then it prints it on the screen or printe: Every cloud has a silver lining. ‘The reason we asked the computer to locate cloud is that cloud is a fairly unique word. We can tell by looking at our hard copy that the sentence we went to locate is the only sentence with the word "cloud" in it. We wouldn't ask the computer to locate “a” because it would locete the first "e" in every sentence it found on the way to the "a" in this particular aphorism including the "a's" contained within words. Even- tually it would locate the you had in mind. Tt would not, however, locate the "A" contained in "A stitch" end 12"A little" because they are capital A's, not small a's Remember that the computer will locate only exactly what you ask it to locate. If it occasionally won't find something for you, check what you've asked it to look for---often you'll have stuck in an extra space, or mis- spelled or capitalized when you shouldn't have. Making a Change: The “C" Command Now that we've located the proper line we'll attempt to change it. To do this we again use the "string". When we use the Chenge command, we instruct the computer to change what we contain within one string to whet is contained within another---C /change this/to this/. Make sure you leave a space after the "C". Let's do it. On your screen or printer should be the located line, Every cloud has a silver lining. > So type, >¢ /clovd/Rolls Royce/ -> Every Rolls Royce hes @ silver lining. Now let's try another. This time we'll use another method to locate the string. Locating a String: The "P" and "U" Commands This time we want to locate “gathers no moss." Since we know approximately how many lines away we are, we can instruct the computer to print out that many lines by typing "Pp" for Print and then the number of lines we want printed. BP 5 -> Every Rolls Royce hes a silver lining. A rolling stone gathers no moss. Ooops! We had it print one too many and we are now on a blank line. We therefore want to move up one line, and we do this by typing, Bor gathers no moss. Replacing 2 Lin "R" Command This time we want to change the whole line, end so it becomes easier to use the "Replace" commend. The Replace command comes in two varieties---one designed for replacing a single line with a single line; the other for replecing 2 single line with more than one line Since we are replacing but a single line in this example we'll deal with thet variety of the Replece command We type "R" and space once; then we indent to where we went the new line to start; type the new line; the old line will be automatically deleted: > must stop sometime. -> If we were to use the other variety of the Replace command, it would look like this: >R => INPUT must stop sometime. You could then keep inputting. To get out of INPUT and back into EDIT you would type a cerriage return twice in succession. and "N" Commands Locating a String: The This time we're going to make 2 change to the first aphorism we typed---"A penny saved." We can't use the "L" Command to locate this line because it only works downward from our current point in the file. In other words, if we wanted to locate something below us---"You can leed 2 horse", for instance---the "L" Commend would be fine. It will not travel upward, however. So insteed we'll use "T" for "Top." This will bring us to the top of the file. 4So type, and you'll be at the top of the file. Now you can use "L' to locate "A penny saved" >L /penny -> A penny saved > You've been misled: it's really the next line we want to change. This time, though, instead of using "L" or "P", try "N"---this means "Next", end will print the next line Type, oN - is a penny earned. Let's change this to "doesn't add up to much." Type, >R doesn't add up to much. -> Deleting Text: ‘The "DE" Command Locate "A stitch in time saves nine." You should be able to do this by yourself now. Got it? Good. This particular aphorism has never made a bit of sense to the author of this manual, so let's get rid of it. we'll do this by utilizing the "DElete" commend. Simply type >DE -> Thet's all there is to it. If you wanted to delete 4 lines, you'd type DE 4; if 20, DE 20; if you wanted to delete everything in your file from that point on, you'd type DE * Another way you can delete is to contain within string separators the first few words of the last sentence you want deleted---i.e., if you are at the top of a 10-line Peragraph, the last line of which is "Thanks for your Prompt attention to this matter.", you could delete all 10 lines either by typing DE 10 or DE /Thanks/ (thet is, if no other sentence contains the word "Thanks"). i;Locating 2 String: The "B" Commands Here's yet another method of line location. This time we're going to add on a line to the horse aphorism which is at the bottom of the file. Type, >B-> but you can't make it drink. > If, when originally inputting this file, you added a few carriage returns at the end, then all you'll get is a blank space. If this is the case, use the "U" command (U /But) and the line will appear. Adding Text: The "I" Command Since we're edding 2 new line~ though) " "(Tt probably will, we must get into INPUT. Do this by typing, >I -> INPUT (Tt probably will, though Getting out of Edit (B) The editing work on the APHORISM file is now complete, so you may QUIT. If you don't remember how to do this, refer back to "Getting out of Edit (A) Routine Editing Session Wrapup 1, Backup your file 2. Make 2 hard copy 16End Results The end result of #11 your efforts should look like this--- A penny saved doesn't add up to much. Inte each life a little rain must fall. Every Rolls Royce hes @ silver lining. A rolling stone must stop sometime. You can lead @ horse to weter, but you can't make it drink. (1t probably will, though). If your file looks drastically different then this, change it, add to it, delete, etc., until it matches. You need the practice! aIIT. OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION Initializing Initializing is 2 habit you should get into. It's really guite simple. All you do is type en "I" every time you put 2 disk in your machine and close the doors: a1 -> I 3 That's ell there is to it. What initielizing does is bring the directory from the disk into access by the computer. Another way of looking at it is this---if you went to @ large apartment building looking for a friend, you would look for his or her neme on @ tenant directory. If there was no directory, you'd have to knock on every doot or just give up. It's the same with the computer---when you initialize the file, it makes it easier for the computer to locate a certain file. Try to get into this hebit. We won't indicate in this manual when you should initialize---just do it every time you close the door on 2 disk. Rio Editor Command Summary Since the purpose of this document has been to give you 2 quick overview of RIO, we have had to limit the information contained herein. The following is @ complete list of RIC Editor Commands: again Mecro Bottom Next Brief Print Change Put DElete PUTD Pind ourr GEt Replece Goto Top Input Up Join verify LIneno Window Locate Xecute 18The RIO Text Editor User's Manual, which describes these commands in detail, may be obtained from Zilog. Sen Section IV for details. Formatting 2 New System Disk In most cases, the disk to be formatted should have a silver tab placed over the bottom notch on the side (Figure 14). The silver tab should cover both the front and back of the notch. The silver tab allows you to "write" on the disk (vie the keyboard); sometimes this feature is not desired on a disk; in those cases, no tab would be pleced on the disk. Put the System Disk in Drive 0 and close the door; the System should issue e prompt; if not, Bootstrap Type, SFORMAT S -> (at this point, put disk to be formatted into Drive 2 close door). DISK ID:EGRET (Give it eny neme you like! READY?¥ => When the System issues a prompt sign, the disk is formatted. Now you should move all the programs from the Master Disk in Drive 0 to the disk in Drive 2. Type, 8NOVE P= When the prompt sign appears, you may remove the disk in Drive 2 and label it. Indicate that it is a System Disk. Formetting 2 New User Disk Again, the disk to be formatted must have a silver tab placed over the bottom notch (Figure 1A). The system disk must be in place in Drive 0, and the door must be closed Tf the system prompt sign (%) is not present, Bootstrap (hit the reset button and then a carriage return). When the prompt appears, you are ready to issue 2 command. Perform the following sequence: SFORMAT -> FORMAT DRIVE:2 (at this point, insert blank disk) DISK ID:HERON (can be anything you like READY?Y => 19Do not remove the disk while the red lights are flashina. When the red lights stop flashing, the disk is formatted Remove the disk and label it. To find out what is contained on the disk located in Drive 2, type 8caT and the system will list the contents. D=2 means “list the contents of Drive 2 only." To find out what is listed on the Disk in Drive 0, type 3ca’ > P=& means "Properties equels anything." In other words the system will list everything on the disk in Drive 0 including all the special programs it contains if it's @ System Disk. How to Delete 2 F List the directory of files as explained in the previous subsection. After deciding what file you want deleted, type SDELETE APHORISM DELETE APHORISM DELETE 2/APHORISM (¥/N/A/Q) ?¥ -> % > The computer has 2 helpful way of making sure files are not inadvertently deleted. That's why it poses the question "(¥/N/A/Q)?" to you. “Y" means yes (delete); "e" means no (don't delete); means all (delete all of them and don't ask again); "Q" means quit (don't delete any of the files and stop the whole procedure)If you want to delete more than one file at a time, you simply list all the names of the files you wish to delete: 3 files named Matisse, Renoir and Bonnard would be listed like this: SDELETE MATISSE RENOIR BONNARD -> DELETE MATISSE RENOIR BONNARD— DELETE 2/MATISSE (Y¥/N/A/Q)? Whet the computer does is ask you one by one if you want a file deleted. Again, this is a wey the computer has of making sure files are not inadvertently deleted. You may either answer yes or no each time; or you may respond with an "A" which will instruct the computer to delete all the files you have asked to be deleted without asking you each time; or you may respond with 2 "Q", which means to delete nothing and stop the whole procedure. How to Copy 2 Disk If you wish to make a copy of an entire disk, the procedure is quite simple. First insert into Drive 0 the system disk. Close the door. Bootstrap. Type, SCOPY.DISK COPY.DISK After you have typed COPY.DISK, and before you continue, remove the system disk, place into Drive 0 the disk you will be copying from, place into Drive 2 the disk you will be copying to, and continue: DRIVES READY?Y VERIFICATION COMPLETE. 0000 ERRORS g That's all there is to it. You will notice that efter you type a "Y" for "yes" the machine will become guite active for a few minutes. Do not remove the disks until the red lights stop flashing. If any errors are listed at the end of this transaction, it could be that the disk you used as e receptor was bed, or thet some minor electrical mishep occurred during copying. Repeat the procedure. 2How to Copy a File The procedure for copying a file is the seme as that explained in Section I, "Creating a Backup Disk." Refer to that Section for instructions on copying a file. If you wish to copy more than one file, list 211 of the filenames you want copied at the same time (see below). Make sure you leave 2 space in between filenames, so that three files named IRIS, MARIGOLD and DAISY would be listed this way: Making Changes Withovt Slesh Marks Occasionally you will find that you need to make 2 change which includes a slash mark---you want to change in/out to out/in, say. It is helpful to know that other symbols can be utilized in place of the slash mark. In cases such as these, pick one of your favorite symbols---how ebout $---end use it where you would ordinarily use the slash: € Sin/outSout/ins -> out7inGLOSSARY 1, BOOTSTRAPPING: Getting the computer back to a command input environment (#) by hitting the reset button and then a carriage return. 2. CONTROL H: You may correct single-cheracter takes in typing simply by hitting the "Control" and keys simulteneously, and the lest charecter typed will be erased. 3. CONTROL I: If you want to indent toward the middle or right-hand margin, the Control I saves you time getting there. Tabs are set 8 spaces apart, so the first Control I will bring you to the next tab each Control I thereafter will bring you 8 spaces to the right. a time. 4, DELETE: You may correct entire line mistakes in typing simply by hitting the DEL (on some terminals it will be called RUBOUT) keys the entire line will be erased. 5. DISK: The data input into the computer is recorded on disks. 6. EOP: When this sign appears on your screen or printer, it means you've reached the End of File. To get back to the beginning, type a "T" for Top 7. PORMATTING: A process each disk must undergo before it can be used in the computer. Formatting is a way the computer has of segmenting the disk into fixed parts.OTHER ZILOG Here are a find helpful. There is a obtain an order MANUALS YOU WILL FIND HELPFUL few other manuals about RIO which you might RIO 0.8. USER'S MANUAL, REV. B #03-0072-xxX RIO RELOCATING ASSEMBLER & LINKER USER'S MANUAL, REV. B #03-0073-XX RIO TEXT EDITOR USER'S MANUAL, REV. B #03-0074-XX MCZ PROM USER'S MANUAL #03-0075-XX ZDS PROM USER'S MANUAL #03-0076-XX cherge for each of these manuals. You may blank by writing to: Publications Department Zilog, Inc 10460 Bubb Road Cupertino, California 95014READER’S COMMENTS Your feedback about this document is important to us: only in this way can we ascertain your needs and fulfill them in the future. Please take the time to fill out this questionnaire and return it to us. This information will be helpful to us, and, in time, to the future users of Zilog systems. Thank you: Your Name: Company Name: Address: Title of this document What software products do you have?. What is your hardware configuration (including memory sizel?, Does this publication meet your needs? []Yes_ ~ (JNo If not, why not?, How do you use this publication? (Check all that apply) [J Asan introduction to the subject? Asa reference manual? (Asan instructor or student? How do you find the material? Excellent Good Poor Technicality QO a oO Organization Qa Oo Qo Completeness QO o a What would have improved the material? Other comments, suggestions or corrections: If you found any mistakes in this document, please let us know what and where they were:No Postage Necessary if Mailed in the United States Postage Will Be Paid By Va Zilog Software Department Librarian 10460 Bubb Road Cupertino, California 95014 First Class Permit No. 475 Cupertino California 950140340 Bubb Road Telephone: (408) 446-4 TWX! 910338-76 Peony errr