Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII-Eastern Visayas
Schools Division of Northern Samar
PAMBUJAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Pambujan, northern Samar

Module 1 :
Integrative Arts as Applied to Contemporary Art
The learner demonstrates: appreciation of contemporary art forms, found in the various
Content Standard
regions by understanding the elements and principles
The learner:
presents a form of integrated contemporary art based on the region of his / her
Performance Standard
choice. (e.g. choreography, musical instrument, literary and music composition,
visual design, and/or theatrical performance)
Identifies various contemporary art forms and their practices from the various regions.
Most Essential Learning CAR11/12IAC-0a-1
Competencies
Classifies various art forms found in the Philippines. CAR11/12IAC-0b-2
2. Contemporary Literary and Performing Arts in the Philippines
2.1 Literature
2.2 Music
Lesson
2.3 Dance
2.4 Theater
2.5 Film

Lesson 2: Contemporary Literary and Performing Arts in the

Philippines
Topic 2.2: Music

Music
- Considered as the least tangible of the arts
- Defined as an arrangement of the sounds to create a continuous and unified composition

Forms and Types of Philippine Music

A. Ethnic Traditional Music

- Described to be music that has similar elements with music from Southeast Asian neighbors
- Can still be heard in Northern Luzon, Mindanao, Palawan, and Sulu – where about 10% of the Filipino
population had avoided Spanish influence.
1) Ballad
- A song that explains an event occurring in
a community
- Includes: idangdang from Bukidnon, and
the liyangkit parang sabil of the Tausug
- Some were influenced by the Spaniards,
such as the composo and the Pampanga’s
“Ing Bangkeru”
- Nowadays, the term is loosely described
Q3_MODULE 1: integrative art as applied to contemporary art | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 as popular romantic song in the urban
areas.
2) Chant
- A song with an unaccompanied melody
and variable rhythm
- Usually found in epic songs.
3) Song debate
- A song involves male and female singers who
try to outsmart each other about a certain topic
- Themes usually include love, courtship, and
marriage.
B. European-influenced Religious and Secular Music
1) Art song
- A song composition characterized by merging
the voice part, lyrics, and the accompaniment
together “to achieve an artistic musical
whole”.
- Singing this requires skills, especially when
performed during a concert or recital.
- Kundiman is considered as the signature long
song of the Philippines – is written in triple
time, and played starting in the minor keys. Its
usual theme is about “the faithful and true, but
often forlorn, pleadings of a lover who knows
nothing but sacrifice in behalf of his beloved”.
Later, themes may also revolve on self-pity,
sentimentality, desire for freedom, and
wishing for a better future. However, the term,
nowadays is also used to denote a particular
musical style.
2) Habanera/Danza
- A social dance in duple time
- Originally from Cuba
- Is usually performed on stage or in a ballroom.
- Is influential as its tempo is used in some
contemporary compositions like Nicanor
Abelardo’s “Ikaw Rin” and Antonio Molina’s
Hatinggabi”.
3) Liturgical Music
- Vocal and instrumental compositions that go
together with the official rites of Christian
churches.
- Began as early and the Spanish colonial period
and the rise of the Roman Catholicism
- During the later 19th century when
vernacularization of the liturgical rites began.
- During the 20th century, musicians employed
more innovative styles and forms, including
fusion of Asian and indigenous elements to
church music
- The birth of the Pentecostal churches and
charismatic groups in the 1980’s also brought
changes in church music
- Simple repetitive songs were used during

Q3_MODULE 1: integrative art as applied to contemporary art | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 prayer meetings, while there were some
instances when people in these churches sang
Gospel music – which refers to a group of
contemporary musical styles with religious
lyrics.
4) Kumintang
- Originally documented as a war song.
- A dance of love accompanied by a guitar and
bajo de uñas (string bass)
- Elements are utilized in some compostions
such as Nicanor Abelardo’s “Mutya ng Pasig”
and Lucio D. San Pedro’s “Lahing
Kayumanggi”.
5) Pasyon chant
- Various styles used throughout the country for
the singing of the pasyon
- It is typically performed in two group
formations: the first involving teo person or
groups singing alternately, and the second
involving each other person taking his or her
turn in singing.
C. American-inspired Popular Music
1) Classical Music  Chamber Music
- Instrumental music played by a small ensemble
- Each part of the music is layed by one
performer
- It is different from orchestra music because
chamber music involves several instrumentalists
playing one part.
 Choral Music
- Music is written for a group of singers,
composition can be monodic -meaning to be
sung together or in unison without
accompaniment. Homophonic – consists of the
one melodic line that accompanied by chords or
instrumental accompaniment; or Polyphonic –
entails two or more distinct and equally
significant melodic line at the same time.
 Opera
- Essentially drama that is sung and accompanied
by instruments.
- has a set of structure, consisting of an overture,
songs for a variety of number of singers, other
vocal combinations, and interludes.
- a librettist, a composer, and often a
choreographer is all involved in creating an
opera.
- Entails a lot of work from other persons helpful
in staging a grand theatrical production, such as
the director, conductor, and set, costume, and
lighting designers.
- Filipinization of opera began before the early
1900s.
- Some foreign libretti were translated into
Tagalog, such as Lucia di Lammermoor, La
Q3_MODULE 1: integrative art as applied to contemporary art | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 Traviata, and Rigoletto.
- Original Filipino opera were then created during
the early 1900s.
 Solo Instrumental Literature
 Concerto
- A piece for a solo instrument, or a group of
instruments, and an orchestral ensemble
- has distinguishing features, particularly omitting
the third movement called minuet/scherzo
 Sonata
- A work for solo instrument with four
movements
- Typical sequence of movements is allegro-
andante-minuet(or scherzo-allegro), However
the scherzo or minuet is often omitted. The
result is a fst-slow-fast order of movements
- Jeffrey Ching is one musician who has
composed sonatas for piano, flute, and violin
during 1980’s.
 Symphonic Literature
 Symphony
- Considered as a sonata written to be played by
an orchestra
- The symphony has three or four different
movements
 Suite
- A symphonic suite, a well-arranged set of
individual movements, which are unified
because of using either a common form or key,
or a nonmusical element.
- the usual themes include scenery and folk
songs.
 Concert Overture
- a composition that is typically written in a
sonata-allegro form.
- Has one movement with many sections
 Symphonic Poem
- Also called the tone poem – based on a
nonmusical poetic or realistic idea.
- Themes include biblical and personalities,
historical events, literary works, and local
scenery.
2) Semi-classical Music  Band Music
- Compositions created for the band, which is a
group of brass, percussion, and woodwind
instruments.
 Marcha/March
- A composition with music played in regular
phrases, and a strongly accented rhythm, usually
in a 4/4 times signature.
- Is played in some dances or with marching
groups.
3) Popular Music  Pinoy Rock
- Involves the use of drums, electric guitars,
synthesizers, and other electronic instruments
Q3_MODULE 1: integrative art as applied to contemporary art | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
  Safe Pinoy Pop or “middle-of-the-road”
- Type of music as shown in the compositions of
Apo Hiking Society and Jose Mari Chan
 Pinoy folk
- Inspired by simple and repetitive tunes made
popular by western folk singers (later involved
the use of Asian or ethnic musical traditions and
instruments)
 Pinoy Disco
- Essentially a Filipino adaptation of Western
disco music
 Rap
- Described as musical form involving a fast-
paced rhythmic narration accompanied by
electronic musical instruments
- Usually performed with dancing
- Francis Magalona introduced pinoy rap.

Q3_MODULE 1: integrative art as applied to contemporary art | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)