[POWERPOINT], [from primary source]

CONTENT ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY SOURCE

DATUS

The ruler over the people, who led them in battle and whom they obediently respect

BARANGAY

A group of family, relatives and slaves.

[1] THE THREE CASTES

 ROYALTY (maginoo)
 NOBLE (maharlika)
 SLAVES (alipin)

SITUATION 1

Those who are maharlicas on both the mother's and father's sides remain such forever, and if
they should ever turn into slaves, it will be through marriage.

SITUATION 2

If maharlicas had offspring among their slaves, both the women and the children become free.

SITUATION 3

If a maharlica had children by another slave woman, the slave-woman was required to give her
master half of a gold tael while she was pregnant. If the father (maharlica) in this instance
acknowledged the kid, then half of the child was free. If not, the kid will end as a slave.

SITUATION 4

If a free lady had children with a slave, as long as he was not her husband, all of the offspring
were also free.

SITUATION 5

The offspring were shared if two people were married, one of whom was a maharlica and the
other was a slave (namamahay or sa guiguilir). 1st, 3rd, and 5th in an odd birth order are the
father's children. Even birth order (2nd, 4th, 6th) belong to the mother. One and only children
are equally free and enslaved.
 After becoming married, Maharlicas were unable to move between villages without first paying
a set amount of gold (ranging from one to three tales and a banquet to the entire barangay)

Special Case

 The offspring born to one who married a lady from another village were later split evenly
between the two barangays. The people in his barangay must be present when the datu
conducts an investigation or passes a punishment.
 A man of low birth who insulted the daughter or wife of a chief, as well as witches and others in
the same class, was subject to rules that provided for their execution.
 Prior to marriage, males offer dowries to the parents of the prospective bride. If both parents
are still living, both of them utilize it.

[2] WORSHIP OF THE TAGALOGS

 No temples
 Simbahan- Temple or Place of Adoration.
 Pandot- or a festival celebrated
 Sibi
 Sorihile
 Nagaanitos

[3]IDOL

 Bathala
 Lic-Ha
 Dian Masalanta (Patron of Lover and of Generation)
 Lacapati and Idianale (Patrons of Cultivated Lands and of Husbandry)
 Tala
 Seven Little Goats (the Pleiades)
 Mapolon (change of seasons)
 Balatic (greater Bear)
 Buaya
 Tigmamanuguin
 bird
 No established division of years, months, and days
 Catolonan (officiating priest)
 Offerings and sacrifices
 Belief on bearingchild
DESTINCTIONS AMONG THE PRIESTS OF THE DEVIL

1. Catalonan
2. Manganguay(witches)
3. Manyisalat
4. Mancocolam
5. Hocloban
6. Silagan
7. Magtatangal
8. OSYANG
9. Mangagayuma
10. Sonat
11. Pangatahonan
12. Bayoguuin

[REPORT], [according to research and primary source], [note: don’t include this in hardcopy in ppt]

DATU

In the Visayas and Mindanao Regions of the Philippines, chiefs, princes with absolute power, and kings
are referred to as datus. These titles, which were once reserved for local monarchs and are still in use,
particularly in Mindanao and Sulu, include Lakan, Apo in Central and Northern Luzon, Sultan, and Rajah.

BARANGAY

The lowest administrative unit in the Philippines is known as a barangay, which is also the local Filipino
name for a village, district, or ward. The term "barangay" was formerly used to refer to a "barrio."

THREE CASTES

The Tagalogs had a three-class social structure consisting of the maginoo (royalty), the maharlika
(lit. freemen; warrior nobility), and the alipin (serfs and slaves).

DOWRIES - property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage

IDOL - an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship.

[secondary source][not paraphrase][pure plagiarised][note: don’t include in ppt and hardcopy][for

Link:
Juan de Plasencia was a Spanish
friar of the Franciscan Order.
He was among the first
group of Franciscan
missionaries who arrived in the
Philippines on July 2, 1578. He
was tasked
by the King of Spain to
document the customs and
traditions of the colonized
(“natives”) based
on, arguably, his own
observations and judgments. He
spent most of his missionary
life in the
Philippines, where he founded
numerous towns in Luzon and
authored several religious and
linguistic books, most notably
the Doctrina Cristiana
(Christian Doctrine), the first
book ever
printed in the Philippines.
Customs of the Tagalogs is a
part of longer monographs
written by the
chroniclers of the Spanish
expeditions to the Philippines
during the early 16th and 17th
centuries.
They appeared initially in Blair
and Robertson’s 55 volumes,
“The Philippine Islands (1903)”
and in the “Philippine Journal
of Sciences (1958)”.
“The Customs of the Tagalogs''
mainly focuses on the
government, administration of
justice, slaves, inheritance and
dowries. Juan de Plasencia
mentioned in his account that
every
Barangay, a tribal gathering
consists of 30-100 families
together with their slaves, have
their own
Dato, at the top of the social
status, who governed the people
and was the captain in their
wars,
followed by the Maharlikas,
commoners and slaves.
Plasencia described how
children were
divided between the married
Maharlika and slave
(Namamahay or Sa Guiguilid).
Plasencia also
noted the dowry system that
was practiced by the native
Tagalogs—dowries were given
by the
men to the women’s parents
before marriage. Moreover,
Plansencia mentioned the
worships of
the tagalogs noting that the
Filipinos have no temples but
they have what they call
Simbahan
which means “a place of
adoration” because this is where
they gather when they wish to
do a
feast, called Pandot or Worship.
He also mentioned that
Filipinos worship idols and one
of them
is what they call Bathala which
signifies “all powerful” or
“maker of all things”. They also
worship the sun, the moon and
even the stars. They have idols
such as LIC-HA, Dian
Masalanta
(the patron of lovers),
Lacapati and Indianale
(patrons of cultivated lands),
they also paid
reverence to Buayas. He
commented that Filipinos are
very liable to find auguries in
things they
witnessed and also practiced
divination. In addition, the
manner of burying also differs
based on
the status of the deceased as
what Plasencia described. They
also have distinctions among
the
priests of the devils such as:
Catolonan, Sonat, Mangaguay,
Manyisalat, Mancocolam,
Hocloban,
Silagan, Magtatangal, Osuan,
Mangagayoma, Pangatahojan.
Filipinos also believe in
ghosts
which they call Vibit, Tikbalang
and Patianac. However, he
noted here that such beliefs
were
already erased through the
teaching of the holy gospel.
This account of Juan de
Plasencia strengthens the claim
that even before the Spaniards
colonized the Philippines,
Filipinos already have their own
set of traditions, customs,
practices,
beliefs and government that
they abide to. He provided
information that are helpful for
today’s
generation in understanding our
history and in discovering
practices that are no longer
practiced
today. Even now, it is
noticeable that some of the
practices during the 16th
century are still
practiced by some ethnic groups
here in the Philippines; the
Bagobo system for example
which
requires the bride-to-be’s father
to make a return present
equivalent to one-half of
whatever is
agreed upon as dowry and
there are still people,
especially the elders, that
believes in the
existence of tikbalang and
tiyanak. Even the concept of
Barangay is still evident in
today’s
generation. It is undeniable that
our customs and practices
changed along with time
however,
there are still fragments of our
past that remain and will
continue to remind us of our
origin. It is
such an honor knowing about
our history and being able to
discover how rich the
Philippines was
in terms of our customs, beliefs
and practices.
Juan de Plasencia was a Spanish
friar of the Franciscan Order.
He was among the first
group of Franciscan
missionaries who arrived in the
Philippines on July 2, 1578. He
was tasked
by the King of Spain to
document the customs and
traditions of the colonized
(“natives”) based
on, arguably, his own
observations and judgments. He
spent most of his missionary
life in the
Philippines, where he founded
numerous towns in Luzon and
authored several religious and
linguistic books, most notably
the Doctrina Cristiana
(Christian Doctrine), the first
book ever
printed in the Philippines.
Customs of the Tagalogs is a
part of longer monographs
written by the
chroniclers of the Spanish
expeditions to the Philippines
during the early 16th and 17th
centuries.
They appeared initially in Blair
and Robertson’s 55 volumes,
“The Philippine Islands (1903)”
and in the “Philippine Journal
of Sciences (1958)”.
“The Customs of the Tagalogs''
mainly focuses on the
government, administration of
justice, slaves, inheritance and
dowries. Juan de Plasencia
mentioned in his account that
every
Barangay, a tribal gathering
consists of 30-100 families
together with their slaves, have
their own
Dato, at the top of the social
status, who governed the people
and was the captain in their
wars,
followed by the Maharlikas,
commoners and slaves.
Plasencia described how
children were
divided between the married
Maharlika and slave
(Namamahay or Sa Guiguilid).
Plasencia also
noted the dowry system that
was practiced by the native
Tagalogs—dowries were given
by the
men to the women’s parents
before marriage. Moreover,
Plansencia mentioned the
worships of
the tagalogs noting that the
Filipinos have no temples but
they have what they call
Simbahan
which means “a place of
adoration” because this is where
they gather when they wish to
do a
feast, called Pandot or Worship.
He also mentioned that
Filipinos worship idols and one
of them
is what they call Bathala which
signifies “all powerful” or
“maker of all things”. They also
worship the sun, the moon and
even the stars. They have idols
such as LIC-HA, Dian
Masalanta
(the patron of lovers),
Lacapati and Indianale
(patrons of cultivated lands),
they also paid
reverence to Buayas. He
commented that Filipinos are
very liable to find auguries in
things they
witnessed and also practiced
divination. In addition, the
manner of burying also differs
based on
the status of the deceased as
what Plasencia described. They
also have distinctions among
the
priests of the devils such as:
Catolonan, Sonat, Mangaguay,
Manyisalat, Mancocolam,
Hocloban,
Silagan, Magtatangal, Osuan,
Mangagayoma, Pangatahojan.
Filipinos also believe in
ghosts
which they call Vibit, Tikbalang
and Patianac. However, he
noted here that such beliefs
were
already erased through the
teaching of the holy gospel.
This account of Juan de
Plasencia strengthens the claim
that even before the Spaniards
colonized the Philippines,
Filipinos already have their own
set of traditions, customs,
practices,
beliefs and government that
they abide to. He provided
information that are helpful for
today’s
generation in understanding our
history and in discovering
practices that are no longer
practiced
today. Even now, it is
noticeable that some of the
practices during the 16th
century are still
practiced by some ethnic groups
here in the Philippines; the
Bagobo system for example
which
requires the bride-to-be’s father
to make a return present
equivalent to one-half of
whatever is
agreed upon as dowry and
there are still people,
especially the elders, that
believes in the
existence of tikbalang and
tiyanak. Even the concept of
Barangay is still evident in
today’s
generation. It is undeniable that
our customs and practices
changed along with time
however,
there are still fragments of our
past that remain and will
continue to remind us of our
origin. It is
such an honor knowing about
our history and being able to
discover how rich the
Philippines was
in terms of our customs, beliefs
and practices.
[STUDUCU – “Customs of the Tagalog reflection paper” (2020-2021) BY STUDENT APLUS]
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-st-la-salle/readings-in-philippine-history/
customs-of-the-tagalog-reflection-paper/19018904

Customs of the Tagalog From the book of Juan de Plasencia

Juan de Plasencia was a Spanish friar of the Franciscan Order. He was among the firstgroup of Franciscan
missionaries who arrived in the Philippines on July 2, 1578. He was taskedby the King of Spain to
document the customs and traditions of the colonized (“natives”) basedon, arguably, his own
observations and judgments. He spent most of his missionary life in thePhilippines, where he founded
numerous towns in Luzon and authored several religious andlinguistic books, most notably the Doctrina
Cristiana (Christian Doctrine), the first book everprinted in the Philippines. Customs of the Tagalogs is a
part of longer monographs written by thechroniclers of the Spanish expeditions to the Philippines during
the early 16th and 17th centuries.They appeared initially in Blair and Robertson’s 55 volumes, “The
Philippine Islands (1903)”and in the “Philippine Journal of Sciences (1958)”. “The Customs of the
Tagalogs'' mainly focuses on the government, administration ofjustice, slaves, inheritance and dowries.
Juan de Plasencia mentioned in his account that everyBarangay, a tribal gathering consists of 30-100
families together with their slaves, have their ownDato, at the top of the social status, who governed the
people and was the captain in their wars,followed by the Maharlikas, commoners and slaves.
Plasencia described how children weredivided between the married Maharlika and slave
(Namamahay or Sa Guiguilid). Plasencia alsonoted the dowry system that was practiced by the native
Tagalogs—dowries were given by themen to the women’s parents before marriage. Moreover,
Plansencia mentioned the worships ofthe tagalogs noting that the Filipinos have no temples but they
have what they call Simbahanwhich means “a place of adoration” because this is where they gather
when they wish to do afeast, called Pandot or Worship. He also mentioned that Filipinos worship idols
and one of themis what they call Bathala which signifies “all powerful” or “maker of all things”. They
alsoworship the sun, the moon and even the stars. They have idols such as LIC-HA, Dian Masalanta(the
patron of lovers), Lacapati and Indianale (patrons of cultivated lands), they also
paidreverence to Buayas. He commented that Filipinos are very liable to find auguries in things
theywitnessed and also practiced divination. In addition, the manner of burying also differs based onthe
status of the deceased as what Plasencia described. They also have distinctions among thepriests of the
devils such as: Catolonan, Sonat, Mangaguay, Manyisalat, Mancocolam, Hocloban,Silagan,
Magtatangal, Osuan, Mangagayoma, Pangatahojan. Filipinos also believe in ghostswhich they call
Vibit, Tikbalang and Patianac. However, he noted here that such beliefs werealready erased through the
teaching of the holy gospel. This account of Juan de Plasencia strengthens the claim that even before
the Spaniardscolonized the Philippines, Filipinos already have their own set of traditions, customs,
practices,beliefs and government that they abide to. He provided information that are helpful for
today’sgeneration in understanding our history and in discovering practices that are no longer
practicedtoday. Even now, it is noticeable that some of the practices during the 16th century are
stillpracticed by some ethnic groups here in the Philippines; the Bagobo system for example
whichrequires the bride-to-be’s father to make a return present equivalent to one-half of whatever
isagreed upon as dowry and there are still people, especially the elders, that believes in
theexistence of tikbalang and tiyanak. Even the concept of Barangay is still evident in
today’sgeneration. It is undeniable that our customs and practices changed along with time
however,there are still fragments of our past that remain and will continue to remind us of our origin. It
issuch an honor knowing about our history and being able to discover how rich the Philippines wasin
terms of our customs, beliefs and practices