MATHEMATICS

MATERIAL FOR GRADE 12

FUNCTIONS

MEMORANDA
QUESTION 1

1.1.1 𝑥 = −2  & 𝑦 = −3 Answers (2)

1.1.2.1 5
(2) (− + 3) = 𝑡
2
−5
1 Substituting (0; )
2( ) = 𝑡 2
2
𝑡 =1 𝑡 = 1 (2)

1.1.2.2 𝑝 = 2, (2)2 + 𝑞 = 3 𝑝 = 2

Substitution
𝑞 = −1 
𝑞 = −1 (3)
1.2 (𝑥 + 2)(𝑦 + 3) = 1
1 Substituting 1
𝑦 + 3 = 𝑥+2
1 Simplification
𝑦= − 3
𝑥+2
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟 (3)
1.3 1 Equating
x 1  3
x2

1
x2
x2

Simplification
( x  2) 2  1

x  2  1 factors

x-values
x  1 or x   3
 y-values
y  2 or y  4
 1;2  3;4 (6)

1.4.1 k  1 Answer (2)

1.4.2 1  k  3 -1 & 3
Notation (2)
1.5.1 𝐷: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑹, 𝑥 ≠ −2  or 𝒙 ∈ (−∞; ∞), 𝑥 ≠ −2 or 𝑥 ∈𝑹
 𝑥 ≠ −2 (2)
𝑥 < −2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 2
1.5.2 𝑅: 𝑦 ≥ −1 , 𝑦 ∈ 𝑹 or/𝑜𝑓 𝒚 ∈ [−1; ∞) Answer (1)
[22]
QUESTION 2

2.1.1 𝑣(𝑥) is not a function,  there are two different Answer

𝑦 −values for each 𝑥. A vertical line test fails: Line Reason (2)
cuts the graph at more than one point. 
2.1.2 𝒚 ∈ {(-∞;0]U[0; ∞)} or 𝑦 ≥ 0 or 𝑦 ≤ 0 Ans
Ans
wer (2)
2.1.3.1 𝑦 < 0 Answer (1)
2.1.3.2 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 49  Notation
100
boundaries (2)
2.1.4 𝑦 = 𝑥 2  𝑥𝜖[0; ∞)   𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑥𝜖[0; ∞)
𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑥𝜖(−∞; 0]   𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑥𝜖(−∞; 0] (3)
2.1.5 𝑦 ∈ (0; 1) or 0 < 𝑦 < 1 Answer (1)
(–1; 0) or –1< 𝑦 < 0
[11]

QUESTION 3

3.1 At C ; 𝑥 = − 2𝑎
𝑏
✓ −2
𝑥 = − 2(−1)

−2
= − 2(−1) = −1 ✓ 𝑥 value

𝑦 = − (−1 )2 − 2(−1) + 3 = 4 ✓ 𝑦 value

(3)
coordinated of C are (−1; 4)
3.2 𝑦=0 ✓ 𝑦 = 0
−𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0 ✓
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) = 0 (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥 = 1 or 𝑥 = − 3
✓
Coordinates are 𝑥 − values (3)
B(1; 0) and A(−3 ; 0)
3.3 (0; 3) ✓ answer (1)

3.4 equation of 𝑔 ✓ substitution

4−0 value of 𝑚
𝑦− 0= −1−(−3)
(𝑥 − (−3)) ✓
equation of 𝑔
𝑦 = 2(𝑥 + 3) ✓
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 6
 E is (0; 6) ✓ E is (0; 6)
C(−1; 4) ✓ substitution in the
CE= √( 0 − (−1)2 + (6 − 4)2 distance formula.
✓
answer (6)
= √5
3.5 𝑥 = 2𝑦 + 6 ✓ interchange 𝑥 and 𝑦
𝑥 1 ✓ answer (2)
𝑦= −3= 𝑥−3
2 2
accept also
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐, so inverse is
𝑥 = 𝑚𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑥
𝑦 = −𝑐
𝑚
[15]

QUESTION 4

4.1 𝑒 = 2 ✓ 𝑒 = 2
𝑞 = 2 ✓ (2)
𝑞 = 2
4.2 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 2
𝑦 −int.; let 𝑥 = 0
𝑔(0) = 20 + 2 =3 ✓ (0; 3) or 𝑦 − int.
so both graphs pass at (0; 3)
✓ subst. (0;3)
3
3 = 0− 𝑝 + 2

3
=1
0− 𝑝 𝑝 = −3
✓
−𝑝 = 3 ∴ 𝑝 = −3 (3)

4.3 at A: 𝑥 = −3 ✓ at A : 𝑥 = −3
𝑦 = 2− 3 + 2 ✓ subst.
1 answer
=2 8 ✓
1 (3)
A(−3; 2 ) or A(−3; 2 ,125)
8
4.4 −3 < 𝑥 ≤ 0 ✓ 𝑥 > −3

✓ 𝑥≤0 (2)

4.5 3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥+3 + 2

after shifting ✓ Subst. 𝑥 by 𝑥 − 2

3 ✓ answer (2)
𝑓(𝑥 − 2) = 𝑥+3−2 + 2
3
𝑓(𝑥 − 2) = 𝑥+1 + 2

[12]
QUESTION 5

5.1 x=−3 x=−3

y = 2 y = 2 (2)
5.2 a
y q
x p
 substitution of p and q
a
 2
x3
a  substitution of (− 1; 0)
0  2
1 3
a
2
2
4a a=−4
4
 f ( x)  2 (3)
x3
5.3 y   ( x  3)  2  substitution
 x32
 answer
  x 1 (2)
OR
y xc
2   ( 3)  c  substitution
c  1
 answer
y   x 1
(2)
5.4 x  R; x   2  xR
x2 (2)
5.5 4
k ( x)  2
x3
4
 2
 ( x  3)
4
 2
x3  answer
(2)
5.6  3  x   1 or x  0   3 x  1
 x0
OR (2)
x  ( 3; 1] or x  [0; )  x  ( 3; 1]
 x  [0; )
(2)
5.7 g ( x)  bx 2  2 c=−2
 substitution (− 3; 2)
2  b( 3) 2  2
4  b(9)
4 4
b b
9 9
4
 g ( x)  x 2  2 (3)
9

5.8 4 2
h: y x 4 2
9  h( x )  x
4 9
h 1 : x  y 2
9
 swop x and y
9
y2  x
4
9
y  x; x  0
4
3  answer with restriction
y   x; x0 (3)
2
5.9
x0
h y=x  form of h

 form of h – 1
(must fit form of h)
h -1 (2)

 form of h

 form of h – 1
(must fit form of h)
(2)
 OR
[21]

x0 h

y=x

h-1

QUESTION 6

6.1 x  0:
y   (0  1) 2  9
 1 9  x-coordinate of C
8  y-coordinate of C
 C (0; 8) (2)
6.2 q  8 (Horisontal asymptote) q=8
y  a.2  8
x
 substitution of
Turning point: D(  1;9) D (− 1; 9)
9  a.2 1  8
a
1
2 a=2
2a (3)
 g ( x)  2.2  8
x

 2x  1  8
6.3 y  8 OR y  (8; )  notation
  answer
(2)
6.4 D'(–1; 7)  answer
(1)
6.5 Reflection about the x-axis, and a translation of 1 unit  Reflection x-axis
left and 18 units up.  1-unit left
 18 units up
(3)
OR
Reflection about the line y = 9 and a translation of 1 unit  Reflection y = 9
left.  1-unit left
(3)
6.6 y  log 1 x  answer (1)
3
OR
y   log3 x  answer (1)
OR
1
y  log3  answer (1)
x
6.7 1
x

y    is a decreasing function
3
 the bigger the x  value the smaller the y  value
maximum value of f = 9
95  substitution of 9
1
minimum value : y   
3
4
1
   answer
3 4
1 1

1   or
3 81
81
Accept 0,01
(2)

OR
y  3 ( f ( x )  5)
 3 f ( x )  5
 substitution of f(x)
 3( x  1) 95
2

 3( x  1) 4
2
 answer
4
 minimum  3 4 1 1
  or
1 3 81
 Accept 0,01
81
(2)
[14]
QUESTION 7

7.1 R(-2; 4)  -2 4 (2)

7.2 B (-4; 0) through symmetry  -4
AB = 4 units  4 units
OR
roots: (x+2)2 = 4 OR -x2 - 4x = 0
x + 2 = 2 x(x+ 4) = 0
x = 0 or -4
AB = 4 units (2)
7.3 m = -2  m = -2
eqn: y = -2x  eqn (2)
7.4 𝑥 < −2 OR 𝑥 > 0  𝑥 < −2
 𝑥>0 (2)
7.5 ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑓(−𝑥) = −(−𝑥 + 2)2 + 4  h(x)
sym- axis: x = 2 x=2
Answer Only = FULL (2)
marks
7.6 𝑝(𝑥) = −𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 2)2 − 4  p(x)
range: 𝑦 ≥ −4 ; 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 OR [−4; ∞)  𝑦 ≥ −4
Answer Only = FULL (2)
marks
[12]
QUESTION 8

8.1 𝑥=2 ; 𝑥=2

𝑦=1  𝑦=1 (2)
8.2 y-int: y = 0; y=0
2 2
x-int: = −1  𝑥−2 = −1
𝑥−2
∴ 𝑥 − 2 = −2 𝑥 =0
(3)
∴𝑥=0
8.3  asymptotes
y  x/y intercept (3)
 shape

8.4 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅; 𝑥 ≠ 2 𝑥∈𝑅
 𝑥 ≠2 (2)
8.5.1 Graph shifts(translates) 3 units to the left  3 units to the left
(2)
8.5.2 Graph shifts(translates) 2 units down  2 units down (2)

[14]
QUESTION 9

9.1.1 A(0; 1)  Answer (1)

9.1.2 f-1: y = log 3 x  y = log 3 x (1)
9.1.3 0<𝑥≤1  endpoints
 notation (2)
9.1.4 𝑦=0 y=0 (1)
9.2.1 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑎 OR 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2

8 a=2
(8; 2): 2 = √𝑎  a=2 (2; 8): 8 = a(2)2
 a=2  eqn (2)

𝑥
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) = √2 ∴
𝑓 −1 (𝑥)= 2
𝑓(𝑥): 𝑥 = 2𝑦 2

𝑥
y =√2
9.2.2 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2
(2; 8): 8 = a(2)2  a=2  eqn
∴ 𝑓 −1 (𝑥)= 2𝑥 2 (1)
9.2.3 (−3; −1)  each value (2)
[10]
QUESTION 10

10.1 x  2 and y 1  x  1 y  1 (2)

10.2 3
 1
x2
3  1( x  2)  x = -1
3  x  2 y=0
3  2  x (2)
1  x
10.3
g x  
3
1
x 1 2
3
g ( x) 
3
1  g ( x)  1
x 1 x 1

x  R, x  1
 x  R, x  1

OR or
 ; 1 or 1;    ; 1 or  1;  (3)

10.4 y  xc x
y  x pq (2;1)
1 2 c –1
 x  2 1 OR
1 2  c (2)
 x 1
y  x 1
[9]
QUESTION 11

11.1 y  2x2
k : x  2 y2 interchange x and y
x
y
x
;y  0  y
2 2
(2)
11.2 h
shape
 y  int .
asymptote.

k
shape
y-intercept (5)

11.3 0 ;  OR y  0 ; y  IR  0 ; 
(1)
11.4 0  x  0,57 0  x
OR  x  0,57
x  0; 0,57 (2)
11.5 t  1, OR t  1;  answer (2)

[12]
QUESTION 12

12.1 y  60
y6 y = 6
(1)
12.2 4 4
h( x )   h( x ) 
x 1 x 1
(1)
12.3 4 4
=6−𝑥 𝑥+1 = 6 – x
𝑥−1
4 = (6 − 𝑥)(𝑥 − 1) standard form
= 6𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 6 + 𝑥
0 = −𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 6 − 4 both answers
(3)
= −𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 10
𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 10 = 0
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
𝑥 = 5 𝐨𝐫 𝑥 = 2
12.4 CD  g ( x)  f ( x)  g ( x)  f ( x)
4
 6 x 4
x 6  x 
x
(2)
dCD
12.5 0
dx =0
6 − 𝑥 − 4𝑥 −1 4
1
4 x2
1 2  0
x 4
x 2

x2  4
𝑥 = −2 𝐨𝐫 x = 2 x 2
x  2 (4) (4)
[11]
QUESTION 13

13.1 p  3 A p value (2)

q  2 A q value

13.2 a
h( x )   q . P(4 ;4) is a point on h
x p

a
4 2
43
 a  2
CA subst. p, q and point P

(2)

CA(negative)a value

13.3 2
h( x )  2
x3
2
h(0)  2
03
1
 1 Asubstituting x = 0
3
 1 
 0 ;1 
 3 
CA(negative)answer (2)

13.4 x 1 CACA answer (2)

13.5 y  ( x  p )  q CAsubstitution of p and q

y  ( x  3)  2 values
y  x  1
into equation of line of
c  1 symmetry

CAanswer (2)
 OR

y  x  c CAsubstitution of 3 ;  2
Point of intersection of asymptotes 3 ;  2
 2  3  c into equation of line of
symmetry
c 1 (2)
CAanswer

[10]

QUESTION 14

14.1 D0 ;  10 A(must be in coordinate (1)

form) answer

14.2 x 2  3x  10  0
x  2x  5  0
A x  3x  10  0
2
x  2 or x  5
A 2 ; 0 CAfactors
B(5; 0)

CACA(negative and
positive) each x – value (4)
A 2 ; 0

B(5 ; 0)

14.3 a  2 and q  10 CA(positive)a – value (2)

A q – value

14.4 b (3) 3 25 3 b (3) 3

x   or x   A x    
2a 2(1) 2 2 2 2a 2(1) 2
2
3 3 49 1
y     3   10   /  12,25 /  12 or
2 2 4 4

C(1,5 ;  12,25)
 25 3
CA x  
2 2
(3)
CAsubstitution

CAminimum value

14.5 (  1,5 ;  9,25) CA x – value CA y – (2)

value

14.6 3
x
2
CACAanswer (2)
OR

g / ( x).h / ( x)  0
2 x  3 .2  0
3 CAproduct of derivatives
x
2

CA(positive)answer

penalize 1 mark for incorrect

notation
(2)

[14]
QUESTION 15

15.1 y  log3 x AA answer (2)

y
15.2 p

(1 ; 3)
AShape of p and p-1
1
(3 ; 1)
Ay – intercept of p
p-1
A x – intercept of p-1

A point on each graph

O 1 x

(4)

15.3 log 3 x  3 Msetting up equation

x  27 CAx = 27
0  x  27

CACAfor end points and (4)

inequality

ANSWER ONLY full marks

[10]
QUESTION 16

16.1 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 12 ✓ 𝑚 = 2
𝑚=2 (1)
16.2 (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2) = 2𝑥 − 12 ✓ (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2)
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 − 2𝑥 + 12 = 0 ✓ = 2𝑥 − 12
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 0
(𝑥 − 2)2 = 0 standard form
✓
𝑥=2 factors
𝑦 = 2(2) − 12
✓ 𝑥 = 2
= −8
A(2; −8) ✓ 𝑦=8 (5)

OR OR

𝑦 = (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2) ✓ 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8
= 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8
𝑑𝑦 ✓ 𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥 − 2 = 2𝑥 − 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
✓
since 𝑔 is a tangent passing through A
𝑖. 𝑒. 2𝑥 − 2 = 2 2𝑥 − 2 = 2

𝑥=2 ✓ 𝑥=2
𝑦 = 2(2) − 12
= −8
A(2; −8) ✓ 𝑦 = −8

16.3 ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑓(−𝑥) ✓ subst 𝑥 by – 𝑥

= ( −𝑥 − 4)(−𝑥 + 2) ✓ answer
= (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 2) (2)
OR
ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 8
16.4 (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2)(2𝑥 − 12) < 0. ✓
4<𝑥<6 ✓ 𝑥<6
𝑥>4 (2)
16.5 𝑥 = 2𝑦 − 12 ✓ interchange 𝑥 and 𝑦
1 ✓ 1 (2)
𝑦 = 𝑥+6 𝑦 = 𝑥+6
2 2

[12]
QUESTION 17

17.1 𝑥 = −1 ✓ 𝑥 = −1
𝑦 = (−1)2 + 2(−1) − 3 ✓ 𝑦 = (−1)2 + 2(−1) − 3
= −4 ✓ 𝑦 = −4
(3)
17.2 𝐴( 0; −3) ✓ Answer (1)
17.3 𝑎 ✓ subst. of 𝑝
𝑦= −4
𝑥+1 subst. of 𝑞
✓
𝑎
−3 = −4 subst (0; −3) (4)
0+1 ✓

1=𝑎 ✓
1 answer
𝑔(𝑥) = −4
𝑥+1

17.4 Before shifting, the points were ✓

at(1 ; 1)and (−1; −1) (1 − 1; 1 – 4)
applying the shift on these points ✓
yields: ( −1 − 1; −1 − 4)
(1 − 1; 1 – 4) and ( −1 − 1; −1 − 4)
✓
so the points are: (0; −3)
✓ (−2; −5)
(0; −3) and (−2; −5)

OR OR (4)
OR

from the point of intersection of ✓ (−1 + 1; − 4 + 1)

asymptotes
(-1: - 4) we move a unit up and to the ✓ (− 1 − 1; − 4 − 1)
right or a unit down and to the left
since 𝑎 = 1
( 0; −3)
✓
so the points are:
✓
(−1 + 1; − 4 + 1) (−2; −5)
and /or
(− 1 − 1; − 4 − 1)
the points are ( 0; −3) and (−2; −5)
 OR OR OR
equation of the line of symmetry is
𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1) − 4
𝑦 =𝑥−3 ✓ equation of the line of
symmetry
1 equating the two
𝑥−3= −4 ✓
𝑥+1 functions
1
𝑥+1=
𝑥+1
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 1
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 = 1 ✓ values of 𝑥
𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −2 ✓ values of 𝑦
𝑦 = −3 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −5
The points are (0; −3) and (−2; −5)
17.5 𝑦 ≤ 4; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ ✓✓ answer
(2)
[14]

QUESTION 18

18.1 ✓ shape
𝑦

graph passing though

𝑥
✓ the origin (3)

−3 asymptote
✓

18.2 5 = 3−𝑥+1 − 3 ✓ substitution

8 = 3−𝑥+1
(−𝑥 + 1)log3 = log 8 applications of log
✓
log 8 (3)
(−𝑥 + 1) =
log 3
log 8
𝑥 =1− ✓
log 3 answer
= −0, 89
18.3 graph was reflected about the 𝑦 −axis ✓ reflect about 𝑦 −axis
graph was shifted 3 units up ✓ shift 3 units up
graph was shifted one unit to left. one unit to the left (3)
✓
 OR OR OR
graph was shifted 3 units up ✓ shift 3 units up
graph was reflected about the y axis ✓ reflect about 𝑦 −axis
graph was shifted to one the left. one unit to the left
✓

NB reflection should not be mentioned

after horizontal shift
[9]

QUESTION 19

19.1 3
y 1 x=0
02
3
 1
2
5 5
 2,5 or y  y = 2,5 or y
2 2
 5
 (0; 2,5) or  0;  (2)
 2
19.2 3
0 1 y=0
x2
3
1 
x2
x23
x5
x=5
 (5; 0)
(2)

19.3 y
f  shape

 both intercepts
2,5 y=1
 both asymptotes

0 5 x (3)

x=2
19.4 y  R; y  1 yϵR
 y 1 (2)
OR
 y  1;  y 1 (2)
y 1 or y 1

 y  (  ; 1)
OR
y  (  ; 1)  y  (1; )  y  (1; ) (2)
19.5 3 3
h( x )  3 
x5 x5
  3
(2)
19.6 From the graph of h:

y
h
x
0 5

3 y = 3
(8;  4)

 (8;  4)
x=5
 5 x
5 x 8 or x  (5 ; 8]  x 8
(3)

OR
From translations:
h( x)   4  f ( x)  0 (4 units up)  f ( x)  0
If f ( x)  0, then 2  x  5  f (x): 2  x  5
 for h( x) : 5  x  8 (3 units to the right)  h (x): 5  x  8
(3)
19.7 3x  5
k ( x) 
x 1
By dividing x  1 into 3 x  5 :
2 2
k ( x)  3
x 1  k ( x)  3
x 1
 The asymptotes are: x  1 and y  3 x=1
y=3
(3)
 OR

3x  5
k ( x) 
x 1 2
 k ( x)  3
3( x  1)  2 x 1
k ( x) 
x 1 x=1
y=3
2
k ( x)  3  (3)
x 1 [17]
 The asymptotes are: x  1 and y  3

QUESTION 20

20.1 x  1  x  1 (1)
20.2 (1;  8)  answer (1)
20.3 2( x  1) 2  8  0 y=0
2( x  1) 2  8
( x  1) 2  4  ( x  1) 2  4
x  1  2  x  1  2
x  1 of x   3
 PQ = 1  3  4 units  PQ = 4 units
(4)
OR
2( x 2  2 x  1)  8  0 y=0
2 x2  4 x  2  8  0
2 x2  4 x  6  0
x2  2x  3  0  standard form
( x  3)( x  1)  0  factors
x  1 of x   3
 PQ = 1  3  4 units  PQ = 4 units
(4)
20.4 k ( x)  2( x  1)  8
2
 substituting x by  x
 2( x 2  2 x  1)  8  simplification
2
 2 x2  4 x  2  8 ( x  2 x  1)
 answer
 2 x2  4 x  6
2
(2 x  4 x  6) (3)
 OR
k ( x)  2( x) 2  4( x)  6  substituting x by  x
 2 x2  4 x  6  answer (3)

OR
 substituting ( x  1) by
k ( x)  2( x  1) 2  8
( x  1)
 2( x 2  2 x  1)  8  simplification
 2x  4x  2  8
2 2
( x  2 x  1)
 2 x2  4 x  6  answer
2
(2 x  4 x  6) (3)
20.5 1
y

x 
2
y  log 1 x  answer (1)
2
OR
y   log 2 x  answer (1)
OR
1
y  log 2  answer (1)
x
20.6 y  shape
1
g
 x-intercept
x
1
(4 ; ̶ 2)  point (4; ̶ 2) or any
other point
(3)
20.7.1 0 x4  0 x
 x4 (2)
OR
x  (0; 4]  answer (2)
20.7.2 If x < 0 and f (x) > 0:
 x <  3  x  3
or if x > 0 and f (x) < 0:
 0  x 1  0  x 1 (4)

OR  (0; 1)
x  (0; 1)  ( ;  3)
 ( ;  3) (4)
[19]
QUESTION 21

# SUGGESTED ANSWER DESCRIPTORS Ma

k
21.1 OC = 6 units  OC = 6
A; B: x-intercepts: Let y = 0  Let y = 0
∴ −2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 6 = 0
∴ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0  Factors
∴ (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
∴ 𝑥 = −3 OR 𝑥 = 1  Both x-values
A(−3; 0) and B(1; 0) AB = 4 units  answer (5)
21.2 𝑏
𝑥 = − 2𝑎 = − [2(−2)] = −1
−4  substitution (2)
 𝑥 = −1
OR
OR
 derivative
f ′ (𝑥) = −4𝑥 − 4 = 0  𝑥 = −1
 𝑥 = −1
Answer only = FULL MARKS
21.3 Subst. 𝑥 = −1 in f(x)
∴ ST = −2(−1)2 − 4(−1) + 6  Subst. x = -1
= 8 units  answer (2)
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
21.4 mAC = 𝑥
2 − 𝑥1
0−6  Subst. in m
= −3−0 = 2  answer (2)
21.5 mg = 2; // lines  mg = 2
but mg = f ′ (𝑥) = −4𝑥 − 4 = 2  mg = f ′ (𝑥)
3  −4𝑥 − 4 = 2
∴ 𝑥 = −2 3
 𝑥 = −2
3 2 3 1 1
∴ 𝑦 = −2 (− ) − 4 (− ) + 6 = 7  𝑦 = 72
2 2 2
3 1 (5)
D(− 2 ; 7 2)
21.6 𝑎 = −1 ; the axis of symmetry  𝑎 = −1

OR
𝑓(𝑎 + 𝑡) = 𝑓(𝑎 − 𝑡)
 Subst.
∴ −2(𝑎 + 𝑡)2 − 4(𝑎 + 𝑡) + 6
= −2(𝑎 − 𝑡)2 − 4(𝑎 − 𝑡) + 6
∴ −2𝑎2 − 4𝑎𝑡 − 2𝑡 2 − 4𝑎 − 4𝑡 + 6 (2)
= −2𝑎2 + 4𝑎𝑡 − 2𝑡 2 − 4𝑎 + 4𝑡 + 6
∴ 8𝑎𝑡 + 8𝑡 = 0
∴ 8𝑡(𝑎 + 1) = 0
 𝑎 = −1
∴ 𝑡 = 𝑜 or 𝒂 = −𝟏
[18
QUESTION 22

# SUGGESTED ANSWER DESCRIPTORS Ma

k
22.1 𝑥=1  answer (1)
22.2 x -int: Let y = 0 𝑦=0
2+𝑥
= 0  𝑥 = −2  𝑥 = −2
𝑥−1

(2)
A(−2; 0)
22.3 y -int: Let x = 0
2+0
= 𝑦  𝑦 = −2
0−1
 B(0; −2)  B(0; −2)
1
Area AOB = 2 AO × OB
1  Subst. in Area formula
= 2 (2)(2) = 2 units 2 (3)
 answer
22.4 2+𝑥 𝑥−1+3
𝑓(𝑥) = = 2+𝑥 𝑥−1+3
𝑥−1 𝑥−1  𝑥−1 =
𝑥−1 3 𝑥−1
= 𝑥−1 + 𝑥−1
3 𝑥−1 3 (2)
= +1  Simplify to∶ + 𝑥−1
𝑥−1
𝑥−1
22.5 (3; 1)  3 (CA from 5.2 - shift 2 units to
the right) (2)
1
[10

QUESTION 23

# SUGGESTED ANSWER DESCRIPTORS Ma

k
23.1.1 𝑦 > −1; 𝑦 ∈ R  𝑦 > 0; 𝑦 ∈ R (2)
23.1.2 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥  𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥
∴ 𝑔−1 : 𝑦 = log 2 𝑥 𝑦 = log 2 𝑥 (2)
23.2.1 𝑘(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 ; 𝑥 ≤ 0  𝑘(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2
𝑥≤0 (2)
23.2.2 (0; 0) OR origin  Answer (2)
[8]