NAME : - MUSKAN JHA
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO :- 30642723048
COLLEGE ROLLNO :- 086
SUBJECT NAME :- Health and wellness
PAPER CODE :- (VAC181B)
o INTRODUCTION
Metabolism refers to the ongoing biochemical processes that maintain the
functioning of living organisms. It is the balance of two processes
• Catabolism: Producing energy from breaking down larger molecules
into smaller ones. For example, this may involve breaking down
carbohydrate molecules into glucose.
• Anabolism: Consuming energy to build new cells, maintaining body
tissues, and storing energy.
A metabolic diseases occurs when abnormal chemical reactions disrupt the
body’s metabolism. This could affect how well the body can break down
large molecules for energy, how efficiently cells can produce energy or
cause problems with energy regulation.
For example diabetes interferes with how the body uses or regulates the
hormone insulin. Insulin helps glucose to enter cells around the body and
provide energy. It also allows the body to store glucose in muscle or liver
tissue. As insulin does not work correctly in people with diabetes, it can
result in high levels of glucose in the blood, which can cause a range of
health problems.
o THE ROLE OF METABOLIC DISEASES
The complexity of metabolism means there are many types of metabolic
disorders. The National Centre for Advancing Translational Sciences
currently lists more than 500 metabolic disorders. Many of these are rare
genetic disorders, but examples are:
• Diabetes :- Diabetes is a conditionTrusted Source that prevents
the body from properly regulating blood glucose levels with
insulin. The American Diabetes Association states that more than
34 million Americans had diabetes in 2018, which is around 11%
of the population.
• Gaucher’s disease :- Gaucher’s disease is a rare genetic disorder
that affects around 6,000 people in the United States. It is the
result of a genetic mutation that limits the production of glucose
rebroadcast. Insufficient amounts of this enzyme cause the
accumulation of lipids, which are fatty substances.
• Hemochromatosis:- Hemochromatosis is a conditionTrusted
Source that affects how the body absorbs iron. It can result from a
mutation in the HFE gene or excessive iron from a person’s diet
or blood transfusions.
o CAUSES
• Metabolism is a complex process that involves many
biochemicals, tissues, and organs. This means there are many
opportunities for something to go wrong and cause a metabolic
disorder. Some examples of causes are Genetics, Organ
dysfunction, Mitochondrial dysfunction. It is not always clear
what causes a metabolic disorder. For example, type 1 diabetes
results from the immune system mistakenly attacking cells in the
pancreas. However, medical professionals are not sure what
causes this problem with the immune system.
o PREVENTION
• The good news is that there are several promising strategies for
combating metabolic syndrome and reducing your risk,” Try to
stick to these four pillars of self-care
1. Eat a heart-healthy diet . Whether your heart is still healthy
or is showing signs of trouble, you can significantly reduce
your risks by sticking to a Mediterranean-style diet .
Choose meals high in vegetables, fruits, nuts, whole grains
and olive oil, low in saturated fat and low-glycemic foods.
2. Stick to an exercise plan . Fitness helps improve all heart
markers, from blood pressure to weight. Aim for 30 to 60
minutes a day, most days of the week
3. Keep a healthy weight . Find out from your doctor where
you fall on the body-mass index (BMI), which calculates
whether you’re the right weight for your height. Aim for a
BMI below 25. Where your weight is located matters, too.
So measure your waist—you want to stay below the target
of 40 inches (men) or 35 inches (women).
4. Continue to adhere to medical advice for overall health . It’s
important to work with your doctor to assess your overall
risk of metabolic syndrome and related heart problems.. Get
key markers (such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood
sugar) checked as recommended by your doctor. If you’ve
been prescribed medication for high blood pressure, high
cholesterol or insulin resistance, be sure to take it as
directed.
