Goal Setting Guide

Your roadmap to a healthier you.

Introduction
Congratulations on taking the first step toward better health and well-
being. This workbook is your guide to learning the art of behavioral
change and goal setting. The tools included in this workbook can
be used for making changes in any area of your life, whether it’s
weight management, physical activity, stress management, healthy
eating, smoking cessation or social connection. Long-term success
requires attention and patience. We recommend that you work
through the exercises in this book at your own pace and with the
help of a Providence health coach or other health professional.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Building motivation........................................................1

1.1 Stages of change......................................................... 2
1.2 Reflection..................................................................... 4

2 Creating a wellness vision ..........................................6

2.1 Steps to establishing a wellness vision......................6
2.2 SMART goal setting ................................................... 8
2.3 Weekly action plan sample ......................................12

3 Building a network of social support ....................14

4 Accountability strategies ...........................................16

4.1 Self-talk ..................................................................... 18

5 Cues to eating and physical activity ......................20

6 Stress triggers and healthy responses ................. 23

7 Practicing mindfulness ................................................26

8 Rewarding your progress ......................................... 31

9 Physical activity log..................................................... 32

10
Daily food journal........................................................ 34

11
Notes and questions ....................................................36

Sources ............................................................................ 38
“Your beliefs become your
thoughts, your thoughts
become your words, your
words become your actions,
your actions become your
habits, your habits become
your values, your values
become your destiny.”
— MAHATMA GANDHI
1. Building Motivation

BUILDING MOTIVATION
Behavioral change takes more than willpower, it requires learning how
to navigate your environment, problem solving, practicing mindfulness
and setting SMART goals – specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and
time-bound. It’s a simple tool to help you translate ambiguous goals into an
actionable plan. Prepare to become your own lifestyle coach! Use the spaces
provided in this workbook to write answers, take notes or journal.

I want to make the following changes to my lifestyle and health:

What motivates me to take action now?

❑ I want to feel more energetic and vital.

❑ I want to have more control in my life.

❑ I want to be present for my children and grandchildren.

❑ I want to feel more confident.

❑ I want to improve my focus and productivity.

❑ I need to manage a health condition.

❑ I want to have less pain.

❑ I want to be more joyful.

❑ Other:

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 1.1 Stages of change
BUILDING MOTIVATION

Change is not a linear process – there will be bumps in the road. You might
stay on track with your goals for weeks or months then suddenly have
a setback and relapse to old behaviors. It’s normal to move through each
stage more than once. Identifying where you are in the change process
may provide insight on how to set appropriate goals to get back on track.

Language associated
Stage of change Ways to motivate change
with change

“I won’t” or Gather information related

Pre-contemplation
“I can’t.” to the behavior.

Identify the pros and cons of making

“I might in the
Contemplation a change. Consider talking to a
next six months.”
health professional to gain support.

“I will in the Develop a detailed plan, set goals and

Preparation
next month.” establish rewards and accountability.

Establish weekly goals, review and

Action “I’m doing it.” evaluate progress. Identify barriers,
problem solve and find creative solutions.

Continue to set new goals and

challenge yourself. Give yourself
credit for how far you’ve come and
Maintenance “I’m still doing it.”
remember your motivation. Learn new
ways to prevent relapses in behavior.
Be a role model to someone else.

Identify the triggers leading up to

Relapse “I was doing it.” the relapse. Set aside blame. What
did you learn about the situation?

Prochaska and DiClemente Transtheoretical Model

2
If you’re struggling to find long-term motivation to change, consider using the exercise
below. Recording the benefits helps establish a stronger foundation for change. When

BUILDING MOTIVATION
you experience a short lapse in behavior, consider returning to your list for inspiration.

Pros of changing Cons of not changing

On a scale of 0 to 10 (10 being very important), how important is it for

me to make changes now? Select your answer.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

What are my current obstacles to making changes now?

What will it take to overcome these obstacles?

3
 On a scale of 0 to 10 (10 being very confident), how confident am I that
changes are possible now? Select your answer.
BUILDING MOTIVATION

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1.2 Reflection: What went well last

time, what can be improved?
Maybe you’ve attempted to make behavioral changes in the past. Take stock of what you
accomplished and be proud of your successes. It’s also a good time to ponder the low points.

What worked for me in the past?

What did I learn from my previous experience?

What do I need to do differently to be more successful?

What personal strengths can I draw from to help me along the path to being
healthier? What am I good at doing?

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 “You must expect great
things of yourself before
you can do them.”
— MICHAEL JORDAN (FORMER PRO BASKETBALL PLAYER)

5 5
2. Creating a wellness vision

WELLNESS VISION
Before setting goals, it’s good to look at the big picture of your health and well-

CREATING A
being, and establish a clear vision of what you want to achieve. Once you’ve
identified your desired vision, you can set goals appropriately to guide you there.

2.1 Steps to establishing a wellness vision

1. What do I value most about my life? What brings meaning?

2. What would I like my health, fitness, relationships and wellness to look like
one year from now? Write down a clear statement in the present tense.
For example: I feel more in charge of my health, I’m more resilient on a day-to-day
basis and I’m able to patiently care for my children.”

3. Is there anything that stands in the way of reaching my vision?

4. On a scale of 1 to 10 (10 being I’ve achieved my wellness vision), where do

I fall today? Select your answer.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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 Day-to-day visualization
There’s ongoing communication between the mind and body. Your
WELLNESS VISION

imagination is powerful and if properly trained, your thoughts can

CREATING A

manifest into action. Mental workouts activate and stimulate many

of the same neural networks that connect the body with the brain
impulses. We can apply visioning to our day-to-day experiences in
order to improve motivation, stay more positive and build resilience.

The essential elements of effective visualization

• Involve all your senses. Visualization techniques should be done

with full emotional energy. Try to involve as many senses as
possible: smell, touch, taste and hearing along with imagery to
”feel it.”

• Be an active participant in the scene – not a spectator. While

visualizing yourself running, your heart, muscles of the legs
and breathing pattern should feel as if you had actually run
a few hundred yards.

• The process should be positive. If you want to stay away from

sweetened drinks, visualize yourself being satisfied by water rather
than visualizing that you dislike cold drinks.

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2.2 SMART goal setting:
Establishing three-month goals

WELLNESS VISION
CREATING A
Now that you’ve established your vision and a blueprint of where you’d like to go, it’s
time to set some goals. It’s important to have goals that are just long enough to make
it a meaningful process and short enough to create a sense of urgency and focus.
Goals should be quantifiable and measurable. It’s not enough to say, “I will exercise
more” or “I will cut back on sugar.” Well-written goals include, “I will walk 30 minutes
per day, five days a week in the morning before work,” or “I will limit beverages
to water and unsweetened coffee or tea and limit dessert to once per week.”

Combine both outcome and behavioral goals. For example, an outcome goal is
to lose three inches off your waist or to lower your blood pressure to 120/80.
Examples of behavioral goals are to exercise 45 minutes a day, five days a
week, or to eat at least 8 to 10 servings of fruits and vegetables per day.

Attaining your goals can be influenced in two ways: Focusing on the great
things you’ll experience if you complete your goal (e.g., happiness, personal
accomplishment and pride), or lamenting over the negative things that might
happen if you don’t (e.g., loneliness, a heart attack or the death of a loved one).

You may not be able

to control the rate at
which your body loses
weight, but you can
control what you eat
and how often you
exercise, which usually
leads to weight loss.
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 Fast track your health with SMART goal setting
WELLNESS VISION

What is my health and wellness goal(s)?

CREATING A

Step 1: Make your goal detailed and SPECIFIC. Try to answer who, what,
where, how and when.

How will I reach this goal? List at least three action steps and be specific.

1.

2.

3.

Step 2: Make your goal MEASURABLE. Tracking a meaningful goal

helps you monitor and acknowledge your progress.

I will measure/track my goal by using the following methods:

(For example, minutes of exercise logged or amount of weight loss.)

Step 3: Make your goal ATTAINABLE. Find the sweet spot, a goal that is both
challenging and realistic – something within reach that will take you out
of your comfort zone.

What resources do I need to achieve this goal?

How will I make time for this goal?

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 What do I need to learn before I move forward?

WELLNESS VISION
CREATING A
Who can I talk to for support?

Step 4: Make your goal RELEVANT. A goal typically addresses something that’s required
immediately, necessary and (hopefully) a priority in your life. Set goals that are
appropriate to you and your specific situation.

Create a list of reasons why you want to reach your goal:

Did you know?

You’re more likely to
meet your goals if
you write them down
and verbalize them
to somebody else.

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 Step 5: Make your goal TIME-BOUND. Establish how much time you need to achieve
your goal and set periodic benchmarks. Be realistic with your date to maintain
performance and create a sense of urgency by making a short deadline.
WELLNESS VISION
CREATING A

I will reach my goal by (date):

My halfway measurement will be:

On (date):

Additional dates and milestones I’ll aim for:

To attain your desired outcome, it’s critical to create a routine that

allows you to review your goals on a weekly basis. By regularly
evaluating your progress, you can more easily address roadblocks
and make small amendments as necessary.

Write down when you will review your goals on a routine basis.

Day of week:

Time of day:

Reviewing progress
Establish a time each week to create an action plan and review your progress
regularly. This helps you organize and assess your goals, ensuring they remain
relevant and meaningful. It’s also critical that you acknowledge progress – no
matter how small or challenging. Some weeks will be more challenging than
others. Set aside self-blame. If there’s a week when you don’t meet goals, ask
yourself what you learned from the situation. What will help you be more
successful next time?

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 USE THE EXAMPLE OF A SMART WEEKLY ACTION PLAN BELOW TO CREATE YOUR OWN.

WELLNESS VISION
CREATING A
This week, my
goal(s) is:

Some challenges
I face:

My strategies:

My confidence level is (10 being most confident):

Select your answer.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

My successes
this week:

I learned:

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 “You simply have to put one
foot in front of the other and
keep going. Put blinders on
and plow right ahead.”
– GEORGE LUCAS

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3. Building a network of social support

BUILDING A NETWORK
OF SOCIAL SUPPORT
A strong social support network can be as critical to your success as the goal itself.
Your family, friends and co-workers are an important part of your life and it’s never
too soon to cultivate these essential relationships. Taking the time to build a social
support network is a wise investment. Numerous studies have shown that a network
of supportive relationships contribute to physical and psychological well-being.

• A sense of belonging. Spending time with people helps ward off loneliness.
Whether it’s other parents, dog lovers, fishing buddies or siblings, just knowing you’re
not alone can help you cope with stress.

• A sense of self-worth. Having people who call you a friend reinforces the idea that
you’re a good person to be around.

• A feeling of security. Your social support network gives you access to information,
advice, guidance and other types of assistance. It’s comforting to know that you have
people you can turn to in a time of need.

Ways to cultivate your social network

• Pick a cause that’s important to you and get involved. You’re sure to meet others
who share similar interests and values.

• Join a gym or the local community center, or start a fitness group at work. You’ll
make friends and get some exercise in the process.

• Join a support group or attend a church, synagogue or other spiritual gathering.

• Take time to thank your friends and family, and express how important they are to
you. Be the first to raise your hand when they need support.

• Avoid spending too much time with people who are negative and critical of you
or the world around them, or involved in unhealthy behaviors such as alcohol or
substance abuse.

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 Going public with your goals allows friends and family to know what you’re trying to accomplish
and how you plan to get there. Choose a few people in your social support network and ask
BUILDING A NETWORK
OF SOCIAL SUPPORT

if they would periodically follow up on your goals. Explain why this change is so important
to you and share a copy of your goals with them. It’s a lot harder to let your friends down
than it is to slack off when you’re the only one who knows or cares about your goals.

A good support person or group:

• Holds you accountable to your goals, no matter what

• Listens to you and is nonjudgmental

• Is able to help you solve problems and brainstorm new strategies

• Models healthy behaviors

• Provides positive feedback and celebrates your successes

What do I look for in a support person or group?

What type of support is helpful?

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4. Accountability strategies

ACCOUNTABILITY
Accountability is critical to behavior change success. Even with the

STRATEGIES
right information and the right intentions you won’t succeed if you
let yourself off the hook when it’s time to do the work.

There are two very effective ways to increase your accountability.

1. The first approach challenges your excuses head on. No matter how difficult your
circumstances may be, the only way to succeed is to take personal responsibility for
making things work out the way you want. Own your decisions and don’t use excuses
to let yourself off the hook.

2. The second approach requires a written contract with yourself. A contract is a visible
reminder of the commitment you’ve made to yourself as well as an effective tool to
combat those pesky excuses. If taken seriously, you’ll find it more difficult to break the
contract than to overlook an ambiguous resolution to try harder. If you haven't
already signed the contract form, do it now.

Challenging your common excuses

Observe your inner self – what goes on in your mind, especially when you don’t
want to do something that you know you should do? What do you say to yourself
in that moment? Some excuses are much easier to identify than others.
For example, throwing in the towel just because you made one poor food choice
is unnecessary. Other excuses are less obvious. For example, many people feel they
don’t have enough hours in their day to fit in some form of exercise or prepare a
healthy meal. In most cases, it’s a matter of improving time management.

16
 Identify appropriate countermeasures
One solution is to begin thinking about yourself in a different light – one that puts you
ACCOUNTABILITY

in charge. For each excuse or rationalization, think of an effective countermeasure. For example,
STRATEGIES

if you find that your schedule is often so busy that you skip your workouts, countermeasure
by spending a few minutes each morning planning what realistically has to be done, what can
be postponed, what might save time and who might be able to help you get things done.

What is the most common excuse I use that gets in the way of my health goals?

Countermeasure: What is a countermeasure I will practice?

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4.1 Self-talk

ACCOUNTABILITY
Everyone has trouble at times with negative self-talk. We’re often our worst critic. The

STRATEGIES
little voice inside may be telling you that you’re not working hard enough or that you’re
not worth it and you should give up on your goals. It’s not always a rational voice.
Simply being aware of your inner dialogue weakens negative self-talk. Try to replace
the negative belief with a countermeasure. For example: Instead of saying, “I’m never
going to lose weight, I just don’t have enough willpower,” say “I can lose weight if I
stay focused, keep a food journal and manage my stress in a more effective way.”

It’s also important to respect yourself and others. You’re more likely
to feel better about yourself. Be kind and honest to others, as well as
yourself. Building self-confidence can take time, so be persistent.

What are some challenging beliefs that come up for me?

How can I respond differently?

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 Tips
CUES TO EATING AND
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

• Change takes time. Prepare yourself for bumps in the road

but know that it will get easier.

• Think of change as creating a new normal: A daily dose of

exercise and a diet loaded with fresh, healthy foods.

• Grocery shop with intention – not when you’re hungry.

• A good night’s sleep is essential. Avoid late-night screen

time and get at least seven hours of sleep a night.

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5. Cues to eating and physical activity

CUES TO EATING AND

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Eating and drinking are often triggered by something other than hunger and
thirst. These triggers are called cues and they can impact how much activity we
do and how much food we eat. Some cues are positive and drive healthy behaviors
while other cues can lead to more eating and less activity. When we repeatedly
respond to a cue in the same way, we form a habit. We’re often unaware of our
cues and identifying them is useful in making long-term behavioral change.

Here is a list of some common cues:

• Hunger
• Emotions
• Walking by the break room at work and seeing candy/sweets
• Attending parties or social events

What are some of my negative dietary cues?

What are my new responses?

Handling problem cues

• Plan ahead. Eat a healthy snack before going out to eat.

• Avoid the break room at work. Change the path to and from your desk if necessary.

• Don’t keep unhealthy snacks at home or within reach.

• Discuss goals with friends and family and request to take a walk instead of eating out.

• If you associate watching television with eating, try taking a walk or do something more
active instead.

• If you’re offered unhealthy food in a social setting, choose a healthier option.

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 “No one can make
you feel inferior
without your consent.”
—ELEANOR ROOSEVELT
Cues to physical activity

CUES TO EATING AND

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Some of the negative physical activity cues that can deter your efforts include:

• Eating a heavy meal

• Not getting enough rest

• Feeling overly stressed

• Drinking alcohol

• Pain

• Being around others that do not value activity

What are some of my negative physical activity cues?

Positive physical activity cues include:

• Setting dates with a friend to exercise or go to the gym

• Keeping your gym mat, shoes or bike visible

• Creating reminders on your phone, or setting an alarm to be more active

• Walking for 10 minutes after every meal

What positive activity cues could I add to my routine?

What challenges do I face trying to implement a positive cue?

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 6. Stress triggers and healthy responses
STRESS TRIGGERS AND
HEALTHY RESPONSES

Stress and anxiety can take a toll on your well-being and contribute to
setbacks. You can’t always control events, but you can learn new ways to cope
with them. Be aware of past situations that have caused you stress.

Stress can come from:

• Physical environment (weather, traffic)

• Social environment (friends, family, colleagues)

• Physiological state (illness, fatigue)

• Your thoughts (anxiety, depression)

What are my sources of stress?

What can trigger this stress?

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What is my emotional or behavioral response to this stress?

STRESS TRIGGERS AND

HEALTHY RESPONSES
Is this response working?

If your typical reaction isn’t helping you deal with stressful situations, maybe it’s
time to develop new strategies to manage your stress. Be very specific about these
new reactions. What could be a new response to the stress trigger, or source
of the stress? (Keep a journal, practice yoga or speak with a counselor.)

After you’ve tried this for a few weeks, think about what worked well and what
didn’t. If the new solution didn’t help you cope with the stress, consider a new
reaction. It might be a process of trial and error before you find the solution.

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“Never let the fear of striking
out get in your way.”
– BABE RUTH
7. Practicing mindfulness
Mindfulness is paying full attention to the present moment. It’s noticing your thoughts,

MINDFULNESS
PRACTICING
feelings and sensations without judging them. When we begin paying attention to the
activity of our own mind, it’s common to notice that we often judge our experience.
We categorize what we like and don’t like, what makes us feel good or bad.

Do you notice neutral experiences? When you do find your mind judging, don’t stop
it, just observe. Mindfulness is a focus on “being” rather than “doing.” It can be used
to reduce stress and anxiety, manage pain, sleep and boost the immune system.

When we’re not mindful, we can develop automatic reactions to stress that can be
harmful. We may perceive everything as a threat. Stress hormones are released, blood
pressure and heart rate increases, and we’re less likely to access the reasoning mind.
We may get very angry at others, and get into a mindset of catastrophic thinking.

Formal practices of mindfulness include:

• Deep breathing

• Yoga

• Tai chi

• Meditation

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 Mindfulness is not:

• Multitasking
MINDFULNESS
PRACTICING

• Thinking about the past

• Creating and rehearsing future scenarios

• Worrying about what might happen

• Eating in front of the television

When am I being mindful?

When am I not mindful?

27
Informal practices of mindfulness:

• Allow yourself five minutes in the morning to be quiet, meditate and relax.

MINDFULNESS
PRACTICING
• Eat slowly and pay attention to the flavors, textures, smells and presentation
of your meal.

• Focus on one task at a time, such as chores.

• Listen with intent, try not to multitask when listening to friends or family.

• Notice habitual ways of thinking, such as worrying about the future and self-blame.

What are some ways I’d like to integrate mindfulness in my life?

S.T.O.P.
Stop
Take a breath
Observe
Proceed
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 Tips on practicing mindfulness
MINDFULNESS
PRACTICING

• Allow thoughts to come in and accept them as they are.

• Thoughts and feelings come and go like clouds in the

sky, they will pass.

• Tell yourself that your thoughts are just thoughts.

• When an uncomfortable feeling comes up, pause

and simply notice before acting on it.

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What are some ways I’d like to integrate mindfulness into my life?

MINDFULNESS
PRACTICING
What are my current roadblocks?

What can I do to overcome these roadblocks?

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 8. Rewarding your progress
YOUR PROGRESS

Changing habits is difficult and even small steps in the right direction should be
REWARDING

celebrated. Rewards can help us stay focused on our goals and increase motivation.
Rewards don’t have to cost money but they should always be healthy in nature.
Using food or alcohol as a reward can add unnecessary calories to your diet
and the benefits are temporary. You may feel less motivated afterward.

Examples of nonfood related rewards:

• Massage

• Reading a new book

• Taking a walk or hike

• Taking a hot bath

• Playing a game

What are ways I can reward myself for my efforts?

Keeping a journal
Keeping records allow you to see more clearly what’s working and what’s not working.
Patterns become more apparent and we’re able to work with them more effectively.
For example, you may notice when you go to a party, you start overeating after a
glass of wine, or two. Maybe the next day you feel sluggish and skip your workout.

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9. Physical activity log

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LOG

Men and women of all ages benefit from moderate-intensity, daily physical
activity, which can be achieved in longer sessions (such as 30 minutes of brisk
walking) or in shorter sessions, (such as three 10-minute brisk walks). Activity
of longer duration or of greater intensity offers additional health benefits.

Examples of moderate-intensity physical activities include:

• Walking briskly (15-minute walk)

• Bicycling 5 to 9 mph, level terrain or with hills

• Golfing, pulling or carrying clubs

• Swimming, recreational

• Yard work (raking leaves, digging in the garden, mowing the lawn)

Your body burns

three times more
energy walking or
doing light activities
than it does at rest.

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 One of the biggest barriers to regular physical activity is time. Finding time to be active is
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LOG

difficult and easy to neglect. This physical activity log example is designed to help you get
a better understanding of your own activity, including frequency, duration and preferences.

Date Activities Duration Notes

12/1 Stretching 15 minutes Did yoga

Using a pedometer is
a great way to get a
sense for how many
steps you take daily.

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10. Daily Food Journal

DAILY FOOD JOURNAL

Studies show that keeping track of what you eat is one of the most powerful tools
to help you shed unwanted pounds and keep them off for good. Use this food
journal to keep your dietary pattern in check. Once you’ve practiced with this journal,
you may want to find an online program or app to support you going forward.

Date: / /
How I felt, where I ate
Meal What I ate How much or other factors that
influenced my food choices

Breakfast

Snack

Lunch

Snack

Dinner

Beverages

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 “You may have to fight
a battle more than
once to win it.”
— MARGARET THATCHER

36
11. Notes and questions

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Use this space to write any questions you may have for your health coach.

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 Congratulations! You’ve completed
your Goal Setting Guide.
CONGRATULATIONS

The steps you’ve taken to achieve your goal give you a blueprint for continued success. It’s
time to acknowledge your progress. Every step toward your goal is an accomplishment.

Staying motivated is essential to maintaining your goal as you move forward. Remember to:

• Reflect on how you faced possible barriers

• Think about how you evaluate your progress

• Renew your commitment to take action

• Reward yourself along the way

Ready to set new goals? Try out new ideas? Get extra
support? Your Providence health coach is here to help.

Call us at
888-819-8999 or 503-574-6000.
For more resources, visit
ProvidenceHealthPlan.com/healthcoach

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Sources
http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/pdf/handout_session8.pdf

SOURCES
Kabat-Zinn, Jon, Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your
Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain and Illness (Random House, 1990)

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