Philadelphia University

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ONE (0670311)

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat

Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Department of Civil Engineering
Jordan-Amman
Chapter one
Introduction
First Semester
 Introduction

The following Courses are Prerequisites for Structural Analysis course:

 Statics
1. Equilibrium (State of balance)
2. Drawing of free body diagram of the structures.
3. External and internal forces.
4. Determination of reactions at supports.

Structure did not deform

 Mechanics of Materials

Study the following when the loads are applied:

1. Displacement and Deformation of the structure.
2. Stress equations.
3. Changing in shape.

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering

 Statics

Equilibrium:
The structure is considered in equilibrium if:

σ 𝑓𝑥 = 0 , σ 𝑓𝑦 = 0 , σ𝑀 = 0
Warning: The most important thing in this course is to apply equilibrium
equation correctly.

Free Body Diagrams (F.B.D): Bx B A

 F.B.D is the drawings showing all the
forces acting on the structure including By
Reactions Ay Reactions
reactions. F.B.D

 Draw the reactive forces that are supplied by the supports.

MC

 FBD can be drawn only for a portion of the structure NC

VC
by taking a section at one or more points. Internal Forces Ay

 Internal forces acting on the section must be included When a FBD

drawn for a section

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering

 Statics

The are tow basic types of forces: Bx

Loads
B A

 External Forces: Forces act on the By

Reactions Ay Reactions
FBD like loads and reactions. F.B.D

MC
 Internal Forces: Forces are necessary to hold NC
the structure together and already exist within VC
the structure. Internal Forces Ay

• These forces are:

Axial forces, shear forces and bending moments

Bx NC MC
B
• Taking a section in structures means NC
VC MC VC
have two FBD’s, since each By
Internal Forces Ay
segment has FBD showing the forces
including internal forces act on it..

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering

 Statics
Reactions at supports
There are different types pf supports, however, there are basically three
popular supports used in 2D structure depending on the number of
reactions (1, 2, or 3) they exert on the structures.

These supports are grouped into three categories,

A
 Roller: One force reaction acts L B
perpendicular to the surface RB
The reaction act up or down
Allows some freedom for slight rotation A
Ax L B

 Pin or External hinge: Ay

Provides Two force reactions acts
Perpendicular to each other. Fixed
MA
Prevent translation in 2 directions. Ax

A
 Fixed: Provides Three force reactions y

Allows no relative rotation between the connected members

by supplying a moment reaction and is consequently more
expensive to fabricate.
Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering
 Statics
Reactions at supports

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering

 Statics
Actual Beam and Idealized Beam

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering

 Statics
Category Type of Symbolic Reactions Number of unknowns
support representation

Roller 1
The reaction force R acts perpendicular to the supporting
Surface and may be directed either into or away from the
structure. The magnitude of R is the unknown.
I Rocker

1
The reaction force R acts in the direction of the link and may
Link
be directed either into or away from the structure. The
magnitude of R is the unknown.
2
The reaction force R may act in any direction. It is usually
II Hinge convenient to represent R by its rectangular components, Rx
and Ry. The magnitudes of Rx and Ry are the two unknowns.

3
The reactions consist of two force components Rx and Ry and
III Fixed
a couple of moment M. The magnitudes of Rx, Ry, and M are
the three unknowns.

Fig. 2.1 Types of Supports for Plane Structures

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering

 Mechanics of Materials

 The shape of the element will change (deform)

 The deformation is measured by strain (unit less)
 Stress is related to strain through Hooke’s law.
 In this course, we learned to calculate strains, stresses, and
displacements of structures

Stress Equations from Mechanics

Displacement and Deformation

 Displacement: is a movement from one location

to another.

 Deformation: change in shape.

 It is not necessary to have both of them

 Usually occur together

 Example of occurring separately

 Example of occurring together

Dr. Ala’ Taleb Obaidat Chapter One Dept. of Civil Engineering