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15 Polymer1

The document discusses different types of macromolecules including natural polymers like starch, proteins, and fats which are formed through condensation polymerization. It also discusses synthetic polymers like nylon and terylene which are formed through condensation polymerization as well as addition polymers like polyethene, polychloroethene, polypropene, and polytetrafluoroethene. The document also mentions some issues with plastic pollution.

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jennifer loh
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11 views4 pages

15 Polymer1

The document discusses different types of macromolecules including natural polymers like starch, proteins, and fats which are formed through condensation polymerization. It also discusses synthetic polymers like nylon and terylene which are formed through condensation polymerization as well as addition polymers like polyethene, polychloroethene, polypropene, and polytetrafluoroethene. The document also mentions some issues with plastic pollution.

Uploaded by

jennifer loh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dr.

Catherine Tan

Polymers
(IGCSE Chemistry Syllabus 2016-2018)

Macromolecules

o Small molecules (monomers) join together to form a long, large molecules


o Different macromolecules have different linkage
o Condensation polymerization: small molecules join together by losing small molecule
(e.g. water) as byproduct

Condensation polymer – Natural Polymer

Monomer Functional Linkage Natural Structure


group(s) Macromolecule
involved
Glucose -OH Glycosidic Starch

Amino -NH2 and Amide Protein


acids -COOH

Fatty -OH and Ester Fats/Lipids


acids and -COOH
glycerol

1
+6018 – 375 2833 www.chemistryboutique.com
Dr. Catherine Tan

Condensation polymer – Synthetic Polymer

Monomer Functional Linkage Synthetic Structure


group(s) Macromolecule
involved
1,6- -NH2 and Amide Nylon
diaminohexane -COCl -CONH
&
Hexan-1,6-
dioyl chloride

#uses: ropes,
fishing nets

Benzene-1,4, -COOH Ester Terylene


dicarboxylic and -OH -COO
acid
& ethane-1,2-
diol

#uses: clothing,
thread

2
+6018 – 375 2833 www.chemistryboutique.com
Dr. Catherine Tan

o Addition polymerization: small molecules which consist of C=C double bond join
together without losing any molecule

Addition polymer

Monomer Polymer Structure Uses


Ethene Polyethene Plastic bags,
gloves, bowls

Chloroethene Polychloroethene Water pipes,


(PVC) hoses

Propene Polypropene Crates, ropes

Tetrafluoroethene Polytetrafluoroethene Non-stick


(Teflon) frying pans,
windscreen
wiper

3
+6018 – 375 2833 www.chemistryboutique.com
Dr. Catherine Tan

o Pollution from plastics


- Choke birds
- Kill aquatic animals
- Cause flooding
- Visual pollution

4
+6018 – 375 2833 www.chemistryboutique.com

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