Some STDs may not show symptoms, both in men and women.

And that requires that, if they have sex

without a condom, they seek the health service periodically for consultations with a health professional.
These diseases, when not diagnosed and treated in time, can progress to serious complications, such as
infertility, cancer and even death.

Using condoms in all sexual intercourse (oral, anal and vaginal) is the most effective method for reducing
the risk of transmission of STDs, especially the AIDS virus, HIV. Another form of infection can occur
through the transfusion of contaminated blood or sharing syringes and needles, especially in the use of
injecting drugs. AIDS and syphilis can also be transmitted from an infected mother, without treatment,
to her baby during pregnancy and childbirth. And, in the case of AIDS, also in breastfeeding.

STDs usually have symptoms such as burning when urinating, discharge, itching, wounds, blisters and
warts in the genital region.

The most effective way to prevent STDs is to use a condom every time you have sex. It is also important
to treat the patient, reduce the number of partners and never share materials such as needles and
syringes. As some diseases are transmitted at the time of delivery, it is important to highlight the
importance of strict prenatal care.

Another important point is to never fail to warn the partner about an STD, as this prevents him from
having complications as a result of the disease, in addition to interrupting the transmission cycle. If the
partner is unaware of the disease and thus does not receive correct treatment, there are serious risks of
reinfection.

STDs are usually reasons for embarrassment for the carrier, who avoids going to a doctor to deal with
the matter. Unfortunately, incorrect or late treatment can trigger more serious problems, such as
infertility, cancer and, in some cases, death.
Genital Herpes

It is caused by a virus, transmitted by sexual intercourse with an infected person without using a
condom. It is transmitted through sexual intercourse (oral, anal or vaginal) without a male or female
condom with an infected person.

As it is very contagious, the first guideline for those with herpes is to pay greater attention to hygiene
care: wash your hands well, do not pierce the blisters, avoid direct contact of the blisters and wounds
with other people, do not apply ointments to the area without professional advice. .

Symptoms

After contagion, signs and symptoms can appear after an average of six days, and are usually small
grouped blisters that break and become painful sores on the penis, anus, vulva, vagina or cervix. These
sores can last an average of two to three weeks and disappear. Tingling, burning, redness and itching at
the site, in addition to fever, muscle aches, pain when urinating and malaise, can also arise. Signs and
symptoms may reappear, depending on factors such as stress, tiredness, overexertion, fever,
menstruation, prolonged exposure to the sun, trauma or use of antibiotics.

Treatment

In the presence of any sign or symptom of genital herpes, it is recommended to seek a health
professional for the correct diagnosis and indication of the appropriate treatment. The infection is
treatable and its signs and symptoms can be reduced, even if there is no cure (the person remains with
the virus).

Trichomoniasis

It is an infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Transmission occurs through

unprotected sex with an infected person. Therefore, you must always use a male or female condom and
take care of intimate hygiene after sexual intercourse. It can reach the cervix, vagina, urethra and penis.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms are: pain during sexual intercourse, burning and difficulty urinating, itching in
the sexual organs, profuse discharge, yellowish or greenish yellow, bullous.

Treatment

In the presence of any sign or symptom of trichomoniasis, it is recommended to seek a health

professional for the correct diagnosis and indication of the appropriate treatment. Sexual partnerships
must be treated, even if they do not show signs and symptoms.
Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the HBV virus, also known as hepatitis B virus, which
causes changes in the liver.

Symptoms

The infected person may only feel weak and tired, but may also have a fever, abdominal pain, joint pain
and skin rash. Urine is usually darker and stool is lighter.

Treatment

In its acute form, it is treated with rest and a diet free of foods toxic to the liver, including alcoholic
beverages. In its chronic form, treatment is based on drugs whose objective is to stop the virus from
multiplying and stimulate the destruction of infected cells.

HPV

HPV is the English abbreviation for human papillomavirus. This sexually transmitted infection often
causes no symptoms, but it can cause genital warts in both men and women.

The truth is, there are over 100 types of HPV. About 40 affect the genital region and, among these, at
least 13 eventually trigger cancer of the cervix, vagina, anus, vulva and penis. In case of oral sex, they
also increase the risk of tumors in the oropharynx and mouth.

HPV transmission

As a rule, HPV is transmitted during sex, be it vaginal, anal or oral. Even masturbation can lead to
contagion.

This virus is housed in any part of the genital region, not just in the vagina and penis. Vulva, perineum,
scrotum and pubic region can also harbor HPV. That's why the male condom helps to avoid the disease,
but does not eliminate the risk of contagion. We'll talk about proper prevention later on.

Another rarer form of transmission is vertical (from mother to baby during childbirth).

hpv symptoms

In the vast majority of people, HPV goes unnoticed — the immune system itself manages to get rid of it
before causing any symptoms. But, in some situations, it manages to persist in the body and, some time
after its installation, cause damage. This is more common in individuals whose body's defenses are
weakened (pregnant women, AIDS patients without adequate treatment, etc.).

When HPV manifests itself, in general, it triggers genital warts, as we said at the beginning. “They can be
single or multiple. Some are sore and itchy,” reports Mônica Levi, president of the Vaccination Calendar
Review Commission of the Brazilian Society of Immunizations (Sbim). These symptoms take six months
to two years to appear.

In newborns infected by vertical transmission (which, again, is a rare phenomenon), the most common
manifestation is laryngeal papillomatosis. They are, in short, warts that are born on the mucous
membranes of the baby's airways.

This annoyance eventually shows up in other age groups as well. "In this case, the patient feels
discomfort in the region, hoarseness, voice change and even difficulty breathing", says the pediatrician.

The Incidence

This is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. It is estimated that 25% to
50% of women and 50% of men in the world have already contracted some type of HPV. But it's worth
reinforcing: most of these people don't show symptoms - either warts or cancer.

Does HPV have a cure? How the treatment works

As we said, the body itself tends to get rid of HPV after a while. If it persists, there is no specific antiviral.
What is done is to treat any injuries left by it and monitor the patient to avoid cancer (or to detect it
early, when there is a greater chance of cure).

“There are several treatments for warts and lesions. We have immunosuppressive ointments,
cauterization and surgery”, lists the expert. The choice will depend on the amount of injuries and
location.

Incidentally, the last two methods are available in the Unified Health System (SUS). And some ointments
too.

Soft Cancer

What is soft cancer?

Chancroid is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) classified as a sexually transmitted infection (STI), and
affects both sexes.

Chancroid is also called “cancer venereal”, venereal soft ulcer and simple venereal chancroid.

Chancroid is caused by a bacterium, Haemophilus ducrey.

This bacteria passes from one individual to another through sexual contact without a condom.

Oral sex and anal sex can cause open, purulent lesions that bleed easily in the mouth and anus.
Symptoms of Mole Cancer:

The first symptoms of chancroid appear 3 to 10 days after unprotected sexual intercourse.

Among the symptoms of chancroid, we highlight:

 Wounds in the genital region, very painful and with pus;

 Open wounds and can bleed easily;
 Pain in the genital area;
 Irritation in the genital area;
 Pain when urinating;
 Burning when urinating;
 Presence of blood in the urine;
 Bad-smelling discharge from the urethra (in both sexes);
 Pain during intercourse;
 Pain when defecating;
 Fever;
 Weakness and tiredness;
 Emergence of ganglia in the groin.

Treatment

Treatment uses medications that help fight the bacteria that cause chancroid and relieve symptoms.

The treatment of chancroid should be guided by a gynecologist or urologist and should be strictly
followed to prevent the bacteria from returning or causing other health problems.

Generally speaking, patients with chancroid should abstain from unprotected sex to avoid transmitting
the disease to others.

In short, treatment varies according to the type of STD. Diagnosis can be made through physical
examination, blood test and urine and secretion test. Once the type of STD is diagnosed, treatment may
include oral medications or injections. For STDs that have no cure, symptoms are monitored and
treated. Women should have an annual gynecological examination. It is imperative that people talk
about the topic and carry out prevention through the use of condoms. As much as STDs are curable,
they cannot be ignored. There are several types of STDs that bring serious problems to patients. Regular
visits to the urologist are recommended.