Programme
Chapitre 1: Généralité en AEP
Chapitre 2: Paramètres d’étude pour simulation
Chapitre 3: Utilisation d’un logiciel de simulation :
EPANET
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
Introduction
Provide water of good quality, and at a sufficient
pressure to consumers
1. to make diagnosis studies,
2. to anticipate critical situations,
3. to optimize the operating parameters in a economic
approach,
4. to make blueprints.
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
1- PRESSURE
1.1 Hydrostatic Pressure
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
1.2- Relative and absolute pressure
• Pabs = pA + ρ * g * h
• Absolute pressure: Pabs
• Atmospheric pressure: pA
• hydrostatic pressure: ρ * g * h
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
1.3- Flow and velocity in round pipes
Water under pressure (full pipe)
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
2.FLOW
2.1- Equation of continuity
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
2.FLOW
2.2- Type of flow
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
2.FLOW
2.2- REYNOLDS NUMBER
• Laminar: Re <2000
• Transition : 2000 <Re <4000
• Turbulent Re> 4000
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
2.FLOW
2.2- REYNOLDS NUMBER
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
2.FLOW
2.3- VISCOSITY
A liquid with high viscosity resists deformation
Viscosity of water depends on the temperature
with 20 ° C: ν = 1,01 * 10-6 m² / s
with 10 ° C: ν = 1,31 * 10-6 m² / s
• FOR EPANET: If water temperature is not around
20°C you could consider it in Epanet in the parameter
of the “relative viscosity”
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
3. FRICTION LOSS ALONG PIPES
3.1- ENERGIE
• Energy is dissipated due to friction of water (particle)
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
3. FRICTION LOSS ALONG PIPES
3.2- Friction loss according to Darcy-Weisbach
• Use Moody diagram
• hf = friction loss mm
•f = friction parameter (non dimension) (Darcy) ->
Moody Diagram
• L = length of pipe m
• d = diameter of pipe en m
•v = velocity of water m / s
•g = 10 m / s ²
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
3. FRICTION LOSS ALONG PIPES
3.3- Friction loss according to Hazen-Williams
• HL = friction loss m
•Q = flow m3/s
•L = length of pipe m
•d = Diameter of pipe m
•C = coefficient (Hazen-Williams C-factor) no dimension
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
3. FRICTION LOSS ALONG PIPES
3.3- Friction loss according to Chezy-Manning
•HL = friction loss m
•Q = flow
•L = length of pipe m
•d = diameter of pipe m
•n = friction coefficient of Manning no dimension
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
3. FRICTION LOSS ALONG PIPES
3.4- Friction loss formulae rules
The Hazen-Williams formula is the most commonly
used headloss formula in the US.
It cannot be used for liquids other than water and was
originally developed for turbulent flow only.
The Darcy-Weisbach formula is the most theoretically
correct. It applies over all flow regimes and to all
liquids.
The Chezy-Manning formula is more commonly used
for open channel flow.
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Ch 1 : Water Supply Generalities:
3. FRICTION LOSS ALONG PIPES
3.5- Roughness
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