University of Sulaimani
College of Administration & Economics
SPSS
Prepared by : Muhammed Abdullah sleman
, Kriv kurdo tofiq
Supervising : Shaho Tahir
Content
What is SPSS?
SPSS History
Is SPSS a free software?
What is SPSS Used for?
Excel Vs Spss
How do I run a factor analysis?
How do I run a factor analysis?
What does data in SPSS look like?
How do I run a factor analysis?
How do I run a factor analysis?
What is the Data View?
What is the Variable View?
What is the Output View?
How do I run a correlation?
Reference
What is SPSS?
SPSS is a computer application that provides statistical
analysis of data.
It allows for in-depth data access and preparation,
analytical reporting, graphics and modeling.
Its statistical capabilities range from simple percentages to
complex analyses of variance, multiple regressions, and
general linear models.
The many features of SPSS are accessible via pull-down menus
or can be programmed with a proprietary syntax language.
Syntax programming has the benefits of reproducibility and
handling complex data manipulations and analyses.
Although Syntax language can sound intimidating, it is very easy
to use.
SPSS datasets always have 2-dimensional table structure
where the rows typically represent cases (such as individuals or
households) and the columns or variables represent
measurements (such as age, sex or household income).
SPSS can read and write data from ASCII text files, other
statistics packages, spreadsheets and databases.
SPSS History
The company was started in 1968 when Norman Nie, Dale
Bent, and Hadlai "Tex" Hull developed and started selling the
SPSS software. The company was incorporated in 1975, and
Nie served as CEO from 1975 until 1992. Jack Noonan served
as CEO from 1992 until the 2009 acquisition of SPSS Inc. by
IBM
Is SPSS a free software?
Is SPSS free? While SPSS is not free to use, the SPSS
offers a free trial before you buy. The SPSS package is
available for Apple Mac and Microsoft Windows PC
operating systems.
What is SPSS Used for?
SPSS Statistics is used in education, market research,
healthcare, government and retail throughout the entire
analytics process, from planning and data collection to analysis,
reporting and deployment
Excel Vs Spss
Excel is spreadsheet software, and SPSS is statistical
analysis software.
You can perform statistical analysis in Excel, but SPSS is more
powerful. SPSS has built-in data manipulation tools such as recording
and transforming variables; in Excel, you have a lot of work if you want to
do that job
Why SPSS is a much better choice than Excel for data
analytics?
These specialized tools enable organisations to perform in-depth
statistical analysis with ease, making SPSS a better choice for
researchers and data scientists. In contrast, the analytical options in
Excel are much more limited and also much harder to use.
How do I run a factor analysis?
• To run the factor analysis you must first select the variables you want to
analyze.
- Analyze Dimension Reduction Factor…
What does data in SPSS look like?
• There are four main views in SPSS.
The Data View
The Variable View
The Output View
The Syntax View
How do I run a factor analysis?
• There are different methods of extracting the factors from a set of data. The
following screenshots will show you the most common settings*
What is the Data View?
• Data View is arranged in a spreadsheet format that contains variables in
columns and cases in rows.
Variables
cases
records
Click on “Data View” to access this screen
What is the Variable View?
• The Variable View window contains the definitions of each variable in your
data set.
Click on “Variable View” to access this screen
What is the Output View?
• The Output View is where you see the results of your various queries such
as frequency distributions, cross-tabs, statistical tests, and charts.
How do I run a correlation?
• Analyze Correlate Bivariate.
Refrence
How do I save factor scores?
The factor scores can be saved so
that they can be used for future
analysis
Factor scores are saved as
variables in the data file, at the very
last columns of the data so far
Which Segmentation Solution is Better?
• Compare these two cluster analyses and
decide which solution provides the most
difference across segments.
4 Cluster Solution 5 Cluster Solution
Reference
https://www.sv-europe.com/blog/why-spss-is-a-much-better-choice-than-
excel-for-data-
analytics/#:~:text=These%20specialized%20tools%20enable%20organi
sations,also%20much%20harder%20to%20use.
https://peterstatistics.com/CrashCourse/SPSS/SPSS-2.html
https://researchwithfawad.com/index.php/lp-courses/data-analysis-
using-spss/how-to-perform-exploratory-factor-analysis-using-spss/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPSS_Inc.#:~:text=The%20company%20w
as%20started%20in,by%20IBM.
