Turning waste into watts: Students from

Benguet State University (BSU) invented a

biogas digester that converts food waste into
methane gas, which can then be used to
generate electricity. This project not only
provides a clean and renewable energy
source but also helps manage waste in the
community.
Flood Warning System: Students from the
University of the Philippines Diliman (UPD)
developed a flood warning system that uses
series circuits to detect rising water levels
and trigger an alarm. This innovation helps
communities prepare for and mitigate flood
risks.
 LO 1. Plan and prepare for
termination/connection of electrical
wiring/ electronics circuits
• ​Identify and explain
the symbols for
electronic components
• demonstrate proficiency
in using software tools to
create and design digital
circuit diagrams.
• demonstrate confidence
and enthusiasm in
designing and creating
circuit diagrams based
on the given scenario
It is a complete
path through
which electric
current flows.
• Source of
voltage
• Conductor
• Device that
uses a current
 In a series circuit,
the components are
connected end to
end, forming a
single path for the
current to flow.
 In a parallel circuit,
the components are
connected across
common points,
providing separate
paths for the
current to flow.
 They contain
elements of both
types within the
same circuit.
 Imagine you have a circuit with a battery
( ) connected to three light bulbs ( ).
The battery is providing power to the
light bulbs through wires. Each arrow (
and ) indicates the flow of electricity in
the circuit.
 If one of the light bulbs goes out, what
happens to the other two light bulbs?
Can you figure out the answer based on
the given circuit?
• Schematic
diagram or
electrical
diagram, is a
visual
representation
of an electrical
circuit.
• A passive two-terminal
electrical component that
resists the flow of electric
current.
• used to reduce current flow,
adjust signal levels, divide
voltages, and terminate
transmission lines.
• A capacitor is a passive
electronic component that
stores electrical energy in
an electric field.
• It consists of two
conductors separated by an
insulator, called a dielectric.
• Transistors are
semiconductor devices
used for amplification and
switching of electronic
signals.
• They are represented by
various symbols depending
on their type (e.g., NPN or
PNP).
• used to emit light when
current flows through
them.
• They are shown as a
diode symbol with two
arrows pointing away
from it.
•
semiconductor
devices that
allow current
to flow in one
direction only.
• electrical
components used
to interrupt or
divert the flow of
electrical current
within a circuit.
• devices that store
chemical energy
and convert it into
electrical energy.
• These represent
the paths that
connect the
various
components in the
circuit.
 WITH THE HELP OF YOUR TEACHER OR CARER,
test whether your suggestions and drawings will make the
bulb light using actual batteries, a small lightbulb, and
wires.
• Identify the Components:
Determine the components
that will be included in the
circuit, such as resistors,
capacitors, LEDs, and
power sources.
2. Symbol Selection:
Familiarize yourself
with the standardized
symbols for each
component.
Identify the Components

RESISTOR
Identify the Components

BATTERY
Identify the Components

LED
Identify the Components

DIODES
Identify the Components

TRANSISTOR
Identify the Components

CLOSED SWITCH
Identify the Components

CAPACITOR
3. Layout Planning:
Plan the layout of the circuit
diagram, deciding where
each component will be
placed and how they will be
connected.
4. Draw the Components:
Draw each component in its
designated location on the
diagram using the selected
symbols.
5.Connect the Components:
Use lines to represent the
connections between the
components.
6. Labeling: Label the components and
connections to provide clarity and
understanding.
7. Review and Revise:
Carefully review the
diagram to check for
accuracy and clarity.
 Connecting Circuit Concepts to Real-Life Applications

Sarah is tasked with designing

A. Identifying the
a circuit diagram for a new
components
electronic control system. She
needs to ensure that the
diagram accurately represents B. Choosing the circuit
the components and color
connections of the circuit.
Which of the following is a C. Drawing the
crucial step in designing a diagram upside down
circuit diagram?
D. Using random symbols
 Connecting Circuit Concepts to Real-Life Applications

2. David is conducting an
A. Resistor
experiment to investigate the
factors affecting the
brightness of bulbs in a circuit. B. Capacitor
He needs to identify the
components that directly
impact the brightness of the C. Diode
bulbs. Which of the following
components directly affects
the brightness of bulbs in a D. Battery
circuit?
 Connecting Circuit Concepts to Real-Life Applications

John is building a simple A. Resistor, Transistor,

circuit to light up a bulb. He Capacitor
needs to include the
following components in his B. Battery, Bulb, Switch
circuit diagram:
Which of the following
C. Battery, Diode, Capacitor
components should John
include in his circuit diagram
to successfully light up the D. Inductor, Capacitor, LED
bulb?
​1. What new knowledge or skills
did you gain from this activity?
2. How can you apply this
knowledge to future learning or
projects?
 LO 1. Plan and prepare for
termination/connection of electrical
wiring/ electronics circuits
• It establishes the
relationship between
voltage (V), current (I),
and resistance (R) in an
electrical circuit.
• The law states that the
current flowing through a
conductor between two
points is directly
proportional to the voltage
across the two points and
inversely proportional to
the resistance.
• is a measure of the electric
potential difference
between two points in an
electrical circuit.
• Voltage is measured in
volts (V) and is essential
for the flow of current in a
circuit.
• Current, often represented
by the symbol I, is the flow
of electric charge through
a conductor in an electrical
circuit. It is the rate at
which electric charges
(typically electrons) move
past a specific point in the
circuit.
• Resistance, denoted by the
symbol R, is a measure of
how much a material or
component opposes the
flow of electric current
through it.
V = I x R, where:

• V represents voltage in
volts (V)
• I represents current in
amperes (A)
• R represents resistance in
ohms (Ω)
Sample Problem:
1. A heater with a resistance of 5Ω is
connected across the 10V power line. How
much is the current I?
Answer: Given: R=5Ω
V=10V
I=?
Sample Problem:
1. A heater with a resistance of 5Ω is
connected across the 10V power
line. How much is the current I?
Answer: Given: R=5Ω
V=10V
I=?
2. Find the voltage where the current
is 8A and the resistance is 2Ω.

Answer: Given: I=8Ω

R=2Ω
V=?
3. What is the resistance in a circuit
where the current flowing is 2.5A
and the voltage is 10V?

Answer: Given: I=2.5A

V=10V
R=?