Verbals
Grade 8
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students
should be able to:
a. apply verbal phrases in
constructing sentences
Essential Question:
·Why are correct usages and
grammatically correct sentences
important in achieving an effective
outcome in communication?
Values Focus:
·To develop the value of critical
thinking
Use the following words in a sentence
following the correct usage indicated.
About Verbals
A verbal is a word derived from a verb, and it is called a
non-finite verb. Non-finite verbs are not actual verbs.
They do not work as verbs in the sentence rather they
work as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Non-finite verbs
do not change according to the number/ person of the
subject because these verbs, also called verbals, do not
have any direct relation to the subject. Sometimes they
become the subject themselves. The forms of non-finite
verbs are—infinitive, gerund, and participle.
Verbals/ Verbal Phrases
Participle/Participial
Phrase
Gerund/Gerund Phrase
Infinitive/Infinitive
Phrase
Gerund
A gerund is a verbal that ends in –ing and
functions as a noun. The term verbal is based
on a verb and therefore expresses action or a
state of being. However, since gerund functions
as a noun, it occupies some positions or
functions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily
would like: subject, direct object, predicate
nominative, and object of a preposition.
Gerund Phrase
A gerund phrase is a gerund with modifiers or
a complement, all acting together as a noun. It
may function as the subject, direct object,
predicative nominative, or object of a
preposition in the sentence.
Gerund/Gerund Phrase
Gerund/Gerund Phrase
Gerund/Gerund Phrase
Gerund/Gerund Phrase
Participle
A participle is a form of a verb that acts as an
adjective. There are three kinds of participles: past
participles, present participles, and perfect
participles. Participles precede or follow the
words they modify, answering “Which one?” Or
“What kind?” A participle functioning as an
adjective describes a noun or pronoun.
Participial Phrase
A participial phrase is a participle that is modified
by an adverb or adverb phrase or that has a
complement. The entire phrase acts as an
adjective in a sentence. In grammar, a
complement is a word, phrase, or clause that is
necessary to complete the meaning of a given
expression.
Participial Phrase
A participial phrase is a participle that is modified
by an adverb or adverb phrase or that has a
complement. The entire phrase acts as an
adjective in a sentence. In grammar, a
complement is a word, phrase, or clause that is
necessary to complete the meaning of a given
expression.
Infinitives
An infinitive is a form of a verb that generally
appears with the word to, and it functions as
a noun, adjective, or adverb. An infinitive is
made up of to plus a verb.
Infinitive phrase
Infinitive phrase is an infinitive with
modifiers, a complement, a subject, and it
functions together as a single part of speech
(a noun, adjective, or adverb).
Examples:
to walk
to travel
to study
Infinitive phrase
Remember: Don’t confuse the
infinitives with a prepositional phrase
beginning with to plus a noun or
pronoun.
Examples:
to me, to a resort, to school
Infinitive phrase
Remember: Sentences that contain verbs like
—dare, hear, help, let, make, please, see, and
watch—the to in an infinitive is usually
understood rather than stated.
Examples:
a. They didn’t dare bother him.
b. He has never seen them beg.
Function of Infinitives in Sentences
Infinitives Used As Modifiers
ACTIVITY
TIME
A. Underline the gerund/gerund phrase in each
sentence. Then, identify whether it functions as a
subject, predicate nominative, direct object, object of
preposition.
1. Boasting about your successes is not an endearing
quality.
2. He made an art of standing in one place.
3. Mandy tried erasing the computer’s memory.
4. I suggested lending her my dress.
5. Trying harder is sometimes the answer.
B. Underline the infinitive/infinitive phrase in each
sentence. Then, identify whether it functions as a
subject, predicate nominative, direct object, object of
preposition, adjective or adverb.
1. To fly scares many people.
2. With two weeks off, Nina planned to relax.
3. This semester, all Joel wanted was to pass the
English subject.
4. The race was about to start.
5. The suggestion, to forfeit the team, was rejected.
C. Underline the participle/participial phrase in each
sentence and draw an arrow to the word it modifies.
Then, identify whether it is a present, past or perfect.
1. A scathing attack was delivered by the politician.
2. The wheat swaying in the wind was like waves.
3. The houses ruined by the fire smoldered until the
next morning.
4. A giant balloon billowing forth with hot air rose
slowly into the sky.
5. At the dance, the reserved girl sat in the shadow
behind a large philodendron.
FORMATIVE
TEST
A. Use the following group of words below as VERBAL
PHRASES.
1. Winning in the lottery
Subject:
2. To travel around the world
Direct Object:
3. Baking apple pies
Present Participial:
B. Situation Immersion
You have been chosen as the representative of Mary
Help of Christians School (Cebu), Inc. for the “National
Grammar Contest”. You have answered the questions
in EASY and DIFFICULT rounds. However, in order to be
called “The Ultimate Grammar Master”, you have to
explain the use of the gerund phrase “talking during
the test” in each of the sentences below. You have to
answer in 4-5 sentences only.
1. Talking during the test is strictly forbidden in this
class.
2. The student began talking during the test, so the
teacher called his attention.
3. The student’s biggest mistake was talking during
the test.
Thank
You
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