Engineering Physics (1FY2-02/2FY2-02)
Question Bank for University Exam
Unit 1 (An Introduction to Optics)
1. What is interference of light? Write down two basic conditions to observe a sustained interference
pattern.
2. Why Newton’s rings are circular in shape?
3. Give the difference between Fresnel and Fraunhoffer class of diffraction.
4. What do you mean by diffraction grating? What is grating element?
5. Write a short note on resolving power.
6. What will be the effect on Newton’s rings:
(i) if ,we use a plane mirror in place of plane glass plate.
(ii) if, a little oil (μ = 1.65) is introduced between the lens (μ = 1.5) and a glass plate (μ = 1.75).
(iii) if, the plano-convex lens is raised by a height of (h) λ/4 from the surface of plane glass plate.
(iv) A plano convex lens of small radius of curvature is used.
7. Light containing two wavelengths λ1 and λ2 falls normally on a planoconvex lens of radius of
curvature R resting on a glass plate. If the nth dark ring due to λ1 coincides with (n+1)th dark ring due
𝜆 𝜆 𝑅 1/2
to λ2, then prove that the radius of nth dark ring of λ1 is given by, 𝑟𝑛 = (𝜆1−𝜆
2
) .
1 2
8. Newton’s rings are observed normally in reflected light of wavelength 5000Å.The diameter of 10th
dark ring is 0.50cm. Find the radius of curvature of planoconvex lens R and thickness of the air film
at that ring.
9. Obtain expressions for radii of dark and bright rings and hence deduce that the radii of dark rings
are directly proportional to square root of natural numbers
10. What is the working principle of antireflection coating? Derive an expression for refractive index of
coating material & its thickness. Describe various applications of antireflection coating
11. Show that the relative intensities of successive maxima in single slit diffraction pattern are in the
following ratio;
1: 4/ 9п2: 4 / 25 п2: 4 / 49 п2: ………
Unit 2 (Quantum Mechanics)
Q.1 What is meant by normalized & orthogonal wave functions?
Q.2 The wave function of a particle in its ground state in one dimensional box of length L is
given as ψ =(2/L)1/2 sin πx/L. Calculate probability of finding the particle within an
interval of 1 Å at the centre of the box of length L. The length of box is 10 Å.
Q.3 Derive Schrodinger’s time dependent wave equation. Explain the followings.
a. Hamiltonian
b. Physical significance of wave equations
Q.4 Write down the Schrödinger’s time independent wave equation for a free particle confined
in a one dimensional box of size ‘a’. Obtain Eigen values and normalized wave function
for this particle.
Q.5 Explain the following
(i) degeneracy
(ii) order of degeneracy
(iii) Non degeneracy state
Unit 3 (Solid state Physics & Magnetic Materials)
Q1.Define Fermi energy in semiconductors at T=0K using Fermi-Dirac distribution function.
Q2.Define the terms valence band, conduction band and forbidden energy band gap.
Q3.Explain how the atomic energy levels split into bands when a number of atoms are brought
close together to form a crystal? Explain the classification of solids in to semiconductors,
conductors and insulators.
Q5.What are Hard and Soft magnetic materials? Give their properties
Q6.Define Diamagnetic, Ferromagnetic & Paramagnetic Materials.
Q7. What are intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors? Explain the process of conduction in
intrinsic and extrinsic type of semiconductors.
Q.8 Find the conductivity and resistivity of intrinsic germanium at 300K. Given that the
intrinsic density of carriers is 2.8*1017/m3
Unit 4 (Superconductivity)
Q1. What do you mean by critical field in superconductivity?
Q2. Explain the distinction between type-I (soft) and type-II (hard) superconductors.
Q3. What do you mean by superconductivity?
Q4. Define and explain the Meissner effect in superconductors.
Q5. Give brief outline of Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity.
Show that this theory provides adequate explanation of superconducting state.
Q.6 Calculate the critical current and current density for a wire of a lead having a diameter of 1.5 mm at 4.2
K. The critical temperature for lead is 7.18 K and H = 7.5 × 105 A/m.
Q.7 Prove that susceptibility of superconductor is -1 and relative permeability is zero.
Unit 5 (Laser and Fibre Optics)
Q1.Explain the essential requirement for producing laser action.
Q.2What are the characteristics properties of a laser beam?
Q3 Write down the applications of optical fibre.
Q.4 Show that that visibility of fringes is measure of coherence.
Q5. Explain construction and working of He-Ne gas laser with necessary diagram. What is role of
He-atoms in this laser?
Q6 Explain the term absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated emission. Derive the
relation between Einstein’s coefficients for laser action and discuss the results.
Q7 Explain the construction and working of an optical fiber. Prove that the numerical aperture of a
step index optical fiber is given by-
N. A. = n1√2𝛥, where symbols have their usual meanings.
Q8. A laser beam having a wavelength of 6000 Å and aperture 0.5 cm is sent to moon. If
distance of moon from earth is 4 x 108 m, then calculate: (a) angular spread of the beam (b)
areal spread of the beam when it reached moon.
.
