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Moo SC 32

The document describes training a backpropagation neural network to generate the XOR function using MATLAB. It defines the input and output data, initializes the network with random weights and biases, then trains it using backpropagation to minimize the error between predicted and actual outputs until the error is below a threshold. The trained network is then tested on the XOR inputs and the predicted outputs are displayed.

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Samarth Maheshwari
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28 views3 pages

Moo SC 32

The document describes training a backpropagation neural network to generate the XOR function using MATLAB. It defines the input and output data, initializes the network with random weights and biases, then trains it using backpropagation to minimize the error between predicted and actual outputs until the error is below a threshold. The trained network is then tested on the XOR inputs and the predicted outputs are displayed.

Uploaded by

Samarth Maheshwari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Experiment-3.2

Student Name: Mudit UID: 21BCS10092


Branch: CSE Section/Group: SC-906-A
Semester: 6th Date:03-04-24
Subject Name: Soft Computing LAB Subject Code: 21CSP-377

1. Aim: To write a MATLAB program to train and test the back propagation neural networkfor
the generation of XOR function.

2. Objective:. Generation of XOR Function using back propagation algorithm.


3. Algorithm:
1. Set up input and output data: Define the input-output pairs for the XOR function.
2. Initialize the neural network: Create a neural network with two input neurons, two hidden
neurons, and one output neuron. Initialize random weights and biases.
3. Train the neural network:
- Loop until the error becomes small enough.
- Feed forward: Pass inputs through the network to get predicted outputs.
- Compute the error: Measure how much the predicted outputs differ from the actual
outputs.
- Backpropagation: Adjust the weights and biases to minimize the error.
- Update weights and biases based on the error and learning rate.
4. Test the trained network: Use the trained network to predict the output for the XOR inputs.
5. Display the predicted output: Show the predicted outputs obtained from the trained neural
network.

4. Script and output:

inputs = [0 0; 0 1; 1 0; 1 1];
targets = [0; 1; 1; 0];
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
input_neurons = 2;
hidden_neurons = 2;
output_neurons = 1;
learning_rate = 0.1;

hidden_weights = randn(input_neurons, hidden_neurons);


hidden_bias = randn(1, hidden_neurons);
output_weights = randn(hidden_neurons, output_neurons);
output_bias = randn(1, output_neurons);

error_threshold = 0.01;

error = Inf;
while error > error_threshold

hidden_activation = sigmoid(inputs * hidden_weights + hidden_bias);


output_activation = sigmoid(hidden_activation * output_weights + output_bias);

error = sum((targets - output_activation).^2) / numel(targets);

output_error = targets - output_activation;


output_delta = output_error .* sigmoid_derivative(output_activation);

hidden_error = output_delta * output_weights';


hidden_delta = hidden_error .* sigmoid_derivative(hidden_activation);

output_weights = output_weights + learning_rate * hidden_activation' * output_delta;


output_bias = output_bias + learning_rate * sum(output_delta);

hidden_weights = hidden_weights + learning_rate * inputs' * hidden_delta;


hidden_bias = hidden_bias + learning_rate * sum(hidden_delta);
end
disp("Mudit 21BCS10092");
hidden_activation = sigmoid(inputs * hidden_weights + hidden_bias);
output_activation = sigmoid(hidden_activation * output_weights + output_bias);
disp('Predicted output:');
disp(output_activation);

function sig = sigmoid(x)


sig = 1 ./ (1 + exp(-x));
end

function sig_prime = sigmoid_derivative(x)


DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
sig_prime = x .* (1 - x);
end

5. OUTPUT

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