Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
As the world slowly crosses the threshold of modernization, people in this
generation tend to use more and more technologies to make things easier. The
use of technologies has become more frequent since it has been a helping hand
to everyone in a way that it helps in doing things easier and faster.
According to Vasfi Tugun, as technology is developing day by day, it has a
more important place in our lives. Using technology has become a necessity
rather than a luxury.[1] In today’s era, to use technology in an effective manner,
it has become important to gain knowledge, habits, and attitude to understand
technology and benefit from it. Technology has revolutionized education and
greatly benefited students in numerous ways. Firstly, it has made learning
more accessible and convenient. With the of technology, students can access
vast amounts of information and educational resources online, allowing them
to expand their knowledge beyond what traditional textbooks offer. The 21 st
century emphasizes the role of technology in different facets of life, especially in
the educational system, as it serves as a platform for teachers and students in
the delivery of effective teaching and learning process. (R. Berondo, J. Dela
Fuente, 2021)
According to (Orpia, 2021)Digital transformation of Higher Education
institutions is a topical issue that several stakeholders of education must
feel concerned about; abilities to apply ICT in every sphere of life are on an
incremental level; thus, universities must be up to the task of preparing
potential professional to be able to face challenges and provide solutions.
Therefore, technology plays an important role to people, nowadays, especially
for students. Technologies slowly introduced people to online platforms which
helped in giving information and procedures on different things.
These online platforms have different roles and goals to achieve such as
being used for education, medicine, entertainment, etc. Online platforms have
a massive impact on individual users and businesses, and are recasting the
relationships between customers, advertisers, workers, and employers (A.R.
Gawer, 2021)
According to Prasetyo, eLearning has been the medium of delivery of medical
educational institutions to address the scarcity of medical professionals during
the COVID-19 pandemic. The occurrence of COVID19 caused the pandemic
that led people into diverging to technology and using of online platforms that
served to education.
The platform allows easier access to the quality-controlled principal surface
climate data provided by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). According to Villafuerte, the
online platforms used by people served as a way for them to easily access and
work on their jobs. Therefore, the emergence of technology has successfully
paved its way to thus generation and to the future. Universities and other
facilities also use it for other means aside from eLearning.
Online registration systems, for instance, seem to have an extreme fit with
different companies or infrastructure’s internal work. Online registration
systems in schools have become increasingly popular in recent years,
revolutionizing the way educational institutions manage the enrollment
process. This shift from traditional paper-based registration methods to online
platforms has brought about numerous benefits for both schools and students.
By leveraging technology, schools can streamline the registration process,
improve efficiency, and enhance the overall experience for students and
parents.
Hanifa Fissalma stated that admission system is a mechanism for selecting a
new student in higher education, including at State University of Jakarta. The
mechanism of student admission system in State University of Jakarta
includes a sequence of processes starting from registration, determination of
tuition fees, until students who are accepted to pay the tuition that has been
determined. Student admission system is expected to be able to find out the
number and distribution of applicants for new student registrants, which will
have an impact on university accreditation and the increase of new students
who have good quality. So far, the State University of Jakarta has information
about each admission. So that there is an inequality data between one
department to another for the total number of new students. In addition, there
is still little information presented to prospective students who are accepted at
State of University of Jakarta regarding campus life, study fees, scholarships
and so on.
One of the information systems that must be well designed for State
University of Jakarta in student admission system. State University of Jakarta
started PENMABA in 2012 but until now it has always undergone changes and
improvements from year to year, both due to changes in regulations and
changes in system requirements. Based on interviews with head of Student
Admission System, Mr. Ifan Iskandar, the obstacles faced by Student
Admission System 2015 versions are.
Moreover, Istiqomah stated that Information technology has changed from
time to time. Along with these changes, it has led to the development of science
in various fields of life, including health, agriculture, government, and
education. These changes must be managed or utilized properly so as not to
cause negative changes and can provide benefits to the community. One of the
uses of technological developments is in the field of education, namely, to
improve quality and quality services to the community in obtaining easy access
to education.
The Indonesian government takes advantage of the development of
information technology by implementing an online system in the field of
education, one of which is designing an online education application
information system (SIAP) which is designed to meet the needs in processing
educational data and information that can be used by all levels of education.
The application of the online system issued in the new student admissions
program at the basic education level to the higher education level. The online
system used in the implementation of new student admissions is designed to
be able to carry out all activities automatically starting from the registration
process to the announcement of the selection results online and on a real-time
basis.
Surakarta is one of the cities that implements new student admissions using
an online-based system. This program is a program implemented by the
Education Department of Surakarta to improve the quality of service to the
community. The implementation of online-based new student admissions has
been carried out since 2006 until now for junior high school and senior high
school/ vocational school level. The city of Surakarta is the city that other
cities are going to learn about the technical implementation of the student
admission system with an online system. However, starting in 2017 is based on
Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government regarding the
division of government affairs in the education sector for senior high school
and vocational school level it was takeover by the provincial government. In
this case, the implementation of online-based new student admissions for
senior high school and vocational school level is carried out by the Central
Java government.
The Education Department of Surakarta does not only accept new students
by using the online system, but also using the off-line system. The admission
of new online-based students in the city of Surakarta is carried out as a form of
utilizing the development of website-based information technology. The
Education Department of Surakarta has the authority in implementing new
student admissions both in the implementation of online and offline-based new
student admissions. The implementation of online new student admissions in
Surakarta is applied to public and private junior high schools. For the
kindergarten and primary school level, the student admission system is
implemented off-line while still using the principles of admitting new students.
However, the implementation of the admission of new students at the junior
high school level is not entirely implemented by using the online system and
the off-line system is also applied to special provisions that have been
regulated in the guidelines for the admission of new students in the city of
Surakarta.
Implementing the online-based admission of new students, it cannot be
separated from the problems. This shows that management is needed in the
implementation of online-based new student admissions. Management is used
to compile program planning to program evaluation. Program planning is the
base for implementation and will become a reference during activities and
program evaluation. The implementation of online-based new student
admissions in the city of Surakarta inseparable from program planning which
is expected to be able to achieve the effectiveness of implementing online-based
new student admissions as a program to improve the quality of service to the
community. In addition, evaluation is needed to determine the progress of
activities and as a mining material for the continuation of the implementation
of activities because the use of an online system is not a guarantee that a
program that will be implemented runs perfectly, there will be obstacles faced
in implementing the program using the online system. Likewise with the
implementation of online-based admissions of new students, there are various
obstacles that hinder the smooth implementation of the program.
The study of (Salamat, 2020) The admission system is the process of getting
a requirement for school registration. Previously, admission was a manual
process. In this research, we created a computerized admission system for
Grade 10 students at Batasan Hills National High School. As a part of the
admission process, the students will be required to fill out some basic
application paperwork, which will include their personal information and high
school activities, such as extracurricular activities they participated in. An
interview will be conducted for admission if necessary. A student may be
interviewed in some cases, but it is generally not required for undergraduate
admission. Some schools will be willing to schedule a student admissions
interview upon request. International students may find a student interview
important. The system’s development life cycle for approach and methodology
was used in this study. We gathered the information from Batasan Hills
National High School through an interview for clarification. Thus, we analyzed
the process of their admission of the student to ensure that the new system
can meet their expectations. Before implementing our system, we asked them
to choose whether they will use it or if they will stick to their old system. The
result of our system was good, and our client was impressed with our system
because using their old system, 1) it is hard to get the information of the client
or students, and 2) processing the requirements takes at least 1 week or more.
However, our system reduced the manpower needed to perform all admission
tasks by reducing the paper works needed and making activities such as
updating modification and deleting records easier. We developed the system to
improve the school’s policy and rules in the admission system because Batasan
Hills National High School lacks a security system. The increasing numbers of
students seeking admission in academic institutes are causing tremendous
pressure on the administrative body to manage and arrange the admission
process manually. In our system, we prepared a backup for the new data in
case our system has an error. As a rule, no public schools shall refuse
admissions or shall allow delisting of Filipino pupils/students for any of the
reasons cited above.
Conceptual Framework
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Existing
procedures of
the ISPSC
College
Admission
Test.
Features to
be included
in the WEB - BASED
proposed. ICAT
Level of Unified Process APPLICATION
acceptability
test using Inception
software Elaboration
evaluation in Construction
terms of… Transition
A. Efficiency
B.
Functionality
C. Usability
D.
Maintainabili
Feedback
Figure 1.1 Research Paradigm
According to Swaen, a conceptual framework illustrates the expected
relationship between your variables. It defines the relevant objectives for your
research process and maps out how they come together to draw coherent
conclusions.
In other words, the Conceptual Framework is the researcher’s understanding
of how the variables in his study connect with each other. Thus, it identifies
the variables required in the research investigation. It is the developer’s “map”
in pursuing the investigation.
The study aims to develop Web-Based ICAT Application. The researchers will
be going to use the Input Process Output (IPO) model to illustrate the
conceptual framework of the study.
(Canonizado, 2021) stated that The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model refers to
the representation of all factors that make up a process. The input consists of
the profile of the respondents and the factors connected with the dependent
and independent variables of the educational research. Usually, all details
specified in the statement of the problems are stipulated here. The processing
step includes all the tasks required to effect a transformation of the inputs. The
outputs are the data and materials flowing out of the transformation process.
This model is used in developing the Web-Based ICAT Application.
The researchers will use the Input-Process-Output (IPO) as shown in Figure
1.1.
The inputs are the existing procedure of College Admission, the features of
the proposed system and its level of acceptability.
The process denotes the methodology that is used in the development.
This is the Unified Process. The model is divided into four phases namely,
Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition. Consequently, the
Output of the study would be the Web- Based ICAT Application.
Review of Literature
Features to be Included in the Proposed.
In creating a Web-Based Application, it is important to identify the features
needed for the system. It is important to identify the features needed in a
website. The features show how the website works and how it functions. There
are 10 features to consider in creating a Web App according to (Corpuz, 2021),
but the developers chose what’s applicable for the web app, these are the
following:
Mobile-Friendliness
Mobile friendliness means that your web app adjusts to different display
dimensions. Small buttons and text are enlarged, and the general layout is
rearranged to improve viewing and accessibility. It is also important to
declutter what appears on the viewport in a mobile-first design. Since there is
not much space to work with, avoid pop-up messages and ads that block your
main content. (Corpuz, 2021)
This feature refers on how flexible a web app can be. This is included as one
of the most important features on web apps for this will help in the user’s
engagement unto the system created by the developer. It is important to
include this as one of the features because this will show how user-friendly a
web app is. With this feature, users will be able to access the web app even
with the use of their mobile phones.
Document Management System
A document management system serves as a centralized storage and sorting
station for all paperwork. It records who turned in the document and the time
and date it was last modified. It also categorizes files according to file type and
content. If you plan on storing documents in the app long-term, add an extra
layer of protection. Enable password-protected folders and limit access to
submit documents. This will secure your company’s and clients’ information as
your business expands. (Corpuz, 2021)
This feature is called just as how it is used, the document management
system feature refers on the website’s management on organizing and sorting
paperwork together with the storage. This feature is used for systems that
needs organizing and sorting data. With this, the information inputted by the
users will be properly sorted for better and efficient browsing on the website,
and to manage the storage used and will be used for certain parts. The web
based ICAT application will be using this feature just as how the algorithm
works, sorting algorithm. Sorting algorithm refers to an algorithm made up of a
series of instructions that takes an array as input, performs specified
operations on the array, sometimes called a list, and outputs a sorted array.
(Moore, Pilling, Kappel, Takvam, & Khim, 2016)
User Rights Management
User rights management groups users according to their administrative
privileges. With it, you can set what kind of information people can enter the
app. Another function of this feature is to bar general users from accessing
sensitive data. Companies take advantage of it all the time to limit what their
employees can access on their apps. Not only does this help users focus on
their respective roles, but it also protects the company from insider data theft.
Meanwhile, web apps that cater to customers need this feature to combat
hacking attempts and malware injections. (Corpuz, 2021)
This feature refers to the roles given to users; privileges given to them
depending on their user categorization. The ICAT web based application will be
using this feature to help identify the areas that users can access, depending
on their given privileges, for instance, there could be administrators who can
access the data imported in the database, the data imported should be from
the incoming first year students of ISPSC Main Campus, by which, will be the
ones who will register and/or apply for the College Admission Test.
Level of Acceptability Test Using Software Evaluation in Terms of
Efficiency
Efficiency is the extent to which an activity achieves its goal whilst
minimizing resource usage. (Harvey, 2004-2024)
The developers are aiming on getting high efficiency rate on the
questionnaire expected to be floated regarding on the level of acceptability test
using software evaluation. The efficiency would refer to the performance of the
web app as to how it would lessen the burden of students on going back and
forth to school for ICAT application. It would also refer on how it would help
the SAS Office on getting paperwork easier for them. The level of efficiency
shows how the developer’s goal was achieved while minimizing the usage of
resources used for it.
Functionality
Functionality refers to whether a design works and helps the users meet
their goals and needs. (IxDF, 2020)
The functionality would show how students find the features helpful to
them. This refers to when a feature was able to function as how it was expected
to do so, by which, it should help the users understand and use it easily
without any confusions.
Usability
Usability is a measure of how well a specific user in a specific context can
use a product/design to achieve a defined goal effectively, efficiently, and
satisfactorily. Designers usually measure a design’s usability throughout the
development process—from wireframes to the final deliverable—to ensure
maximum usability. (IxDF, 2016)
The usability shall portray how well the web app performs, together with
how the features are safely used accordingly with how it was supposed to
function. The usability refers on how the users will use the web app efficiently.
Maintainability
Maintainability is a measure of how quickly you are manufacturing, or
maintenance team can detect and pinpoint an issue, repair it, and restore the
asset’s functionality after this downtime. (Eisner, 2022)
The maintainability would refer on how the developers could fix issues
immediately and identify certain improvements needed for the web app.
Reliability
Reliability refers to how consistently a method measure something. If the
same result can be consistently achieved by using the same methods under the
same circumstances, the measurement is considered reliable. (Middleton,
2023)
The reliability can be referred to as how the developers could properly
achieve the same result by using the same procedures and methods when
fixing and repairing the performance of the web app while making sure it
performs and works properly.
Unified Process.
The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) has been widely adapted
through most, if not all, technology-based companies. With the advancement of
technology, and the increasing number of companies that rely on their own
custom applications, learning and understanding the complexities of the SDLC
is increasingly important. Of course, knowing how to code is the basis for any
software engineering career, but understanding the SDLC brings a lot of new
skills bases to the table, all of which are beneficial to the engineering process.
These skills including planning, designing, and testing. The SDLC traditionally
has ten phases which are initiation, system concept development, planning,
requirements analysis, design, development, integration and testing,
implementation, operations and maintenance, and disposition. Despite being
distinct phases, they are not all required in every situation and often are either
skipped or combined. These phases are all addressed in more detail later.
Additionally, variations on the SDLC, including increasingly important aspects
devoted to security in software engineering, are addressed as well. (Lemke,
2018)
The researchers will use the Unified Process Model by Rynda Maala as a
method in the conduct of the study.
The unified process, as defined by (Maala, 2019), is a popular use-case
driven, architecture-centric, iterative, and incremental software development
process framework.
The researchers will be going to use Unified Process Model as the system
developmental methodology because they find it suitable for the system. The
goal is to ensure the production of high-quality software with the help of each
phase.
The Unified Process Model has four phases namely Inception,
Elaboration, Construction and Transition.
Figure 2.1 The Unified Process Model
Inception Phase. It is the first phase of UP Model. According to
(Pedamkar, 2023), it is the phase in which the project’s basic ideas and
structure will be determined to prepare a business suite, the team will decide
the purpose of the project, success criteria, estimated cost risk, and resources
required to complete it.
During this phase, the researchers will be going to conduct a structure
interview in the office of Student Affairs and Services. The Researchers will ask
for the records and the process of Admission that are needed in the
development of the proposed system. In this phase, the problem is defined and
then came up with the objectives of the new system.
Elaboration Phase. It is the second phase of the UP Model. In this
phase. according to (Pedamkar, 2023), it is the phase in which we are going to
analyze the project’s requirements and necessary architecture, review the
problems, develop the project plan, and eliminate the high-risk elements form
the project.
During this phase, the researchers will be going to analyze and evaluate
the data being gathered using the use case. This is to identify system
requirements needed for the proposed system.
Construction Phase. Third Phase of UP Model. (Pedamkar, 2023) stated
that construction phase involves developed and completed.
In this phase, the researchers performed the developmental process of
the proposed system and testing to verify if there ae some revisions to make.
This phase focuses on the design and implementation of the system.
Transition Phase Final Phase of the UP Model. As pointed out by
(Pedamkar, 2023), it will be updated or changed based on end-user’s feedback.
It is the process of deployment.
During the transition phase, the beta testing will be conducted by the
researchers to determine if the developed system meets the requirements given
by the users and satisfies their expectations.
Web-Based ICAT Application.
These online platforms have different roles and goals to achieve such as
being used for education, medicine, entertainment, etc. Online platforms have
a massive impact on individual users and businesses, and are recasting the
relationships between customers, advertisers, workers, and employers (A.R.
Gawer, 2021)
Online registration systems, for instance, seem to have an extreme fit with
different companies or infrastructure’s internal work. Online registration
systems in schools have become increasingly popular in recent years,
revolutionizing the way educational institutions manage the enrollment
process. This shift from traditional paper-based registration methods to online
platforms has brought about numerous benefits for both schools and students.
By leveraging technology, schools can streamline the registration process,
improve efficiency, and enhance the overall experience for students and
parents.
(Hanifa Fissalma, 2019) stated that admission system is a mechanism for
selecting a new student in higher education, including at State University of
Jakarta. The mechanism of student admission system in State University of
Jakarta includes a sequence of processes starting from registration,
determination of tuition fees, until students who are accepted to pay the tuition
that has been determined. Student admission system is expected to be able to
find out the number and distribution of applicants for new student registrants,
which will have an impact on university accreditation and the increase of new
students who have good quality. So far, the State University of Jakarta has
information about each admission. So that there is an inequality data between
one department to another for the total number of new students. In addition,
there is still little information presented to prospective students who are
accepted at State of University of Jakarta regarding campus life, study fees,
scholarships and so on.
The study of (Salamat, et al., 2020) The admission system is the process of
getting a requirement for school registration. Previously, admission was a
manual process. In this research, we created a computerized admission system
for Grade 10 students at Batasan Hills National High School. As a part of the
admission process, the students will be required to fill out some basic
application paperwork, which will include their personal information and high
school activities, such as extracurricular activities they participated in. An
interview will be conducted for admission if necessary. A student may be
interviewed in some cases, but it is generally not required for undergraduate
admission. Some schools will be willing to schedule a student admissions
interview upon request. International students may find a student interview
important. The system’s development life cycle for approach and methodology
was used in this study. We gathered the information from Batasan Hills
National High School through an interview for clarification. Thus, we analyzed
the process of their admission of the student to ensure that the new system
can meet their expectations. Before implementing our system, we asked them
to choose whether they will use it or if they will stick to their old system. The
result of our system was good, and our client was impressed with our system
because using their old system, 1) it is hard to get the information of the client
or students, and 2) processing the requirements takes at least 1 week or more.
However, our system reduced the manpower needed to perform all admission
tasks by reducing the paper works needed and making activities such as
updating modification and deleting records easier. We developed the system to
improve the school’s policy and rules in the admission system because Batasan
Hills National High School lacks a security system. The increasing numbers of
students seeking admission in academic institutes are causing tremendous
pressure on the administrative body to manage and arrange the admission
process manually. In our system, we prepared a backup for the new data in
case our system has an error. As a rule, no public schools shall refuse
admissions or shall allow delisting of Filipino pupils/students for any of the
reasons cited above.
Statement of the Objectives
The study aims to design and develop an Online ICAT Web Application.
Specifically, the study is intended to meet the following:
1. To determine the currently existing procedures of the ISPSC College
Admission Test.
2. To determine and develop the features to be included in the proposed.
3. To determine the level of acceptability test using software evaluation in
terms of…
a. Efficiency.
b. Functionality.
c. Usability.
d. Maintainability.
e. Reliability.
Importance of the Study
Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College. On the part of the college, this
research will be served as proof that the Bachelor of Science in Computer
Science students are very capable of creating research that is needed for the
institution and can help as basis for conducting related research.
SAS Office. This research will be helping the SAS Office to develop an
improved and better way of processing documents for the ICAT application for
the incoming first year students. This research will be served to lessen the
paper works for the staff of the SAS Office.
ICAT Applicants. This research will be helping the ICAT Applicants to make
their application easier, faster and reduce the difficulty of standing in line for
several hours and standing in the sun.
Developers. This research can help the researchers build and design a web-
based application system, where the basics learned from some major subjects
as a computer science student.
Future Researchers. This study will be significant to the future researchers
as a basis in conducting similar or related research.
Operational Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined to understand the content of the study
better.
Admission. It is a process of admitting new students and allowing them to
register and enter an educational institution.
Applicant. It refers to anybody who formally asks for admission to a college.
College Admission Test. This refers to the examination designed to identify
students suitable for admission into an undergraduate curriculum.
Existing procedure of the College Admission. It refers to the current
practice of the College Admission Test of ISPSC Main Campus which is
manual.
Features. It refers to the information on the capabilities of the Web-Based
ICAT Application.
Level of Acceptability. It is used by researchers to measure the user’s
satisfaction whether the system has met the required features given by the
users and if it functions properly.
Online. It refers to the condition of being connected to a network of
computers and other devices.
Online Registration. It refers to the system for subscribing or registering
through the internet as a user.
Chapter II
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The researchers will use the descriptive and developmental type of research
design.
Descriptive research aims to describe a population situation or phenomenon
accurately and systematically. It can answer what, where, when, and how
questions, but not why questions. A descriptive research design can use a wide
variety of research methods to investigate one or more variables (Combes,
2020)
Likewise, (Lynn, 2019) noted that descriptive research is used to obtain
information concerning the status of the phenomena and to describe “what
exists” with respect to variables or conditions in a situation.
The descriptive research is used to describe data gathered to further
understanding of the study and it will also be used be the researchers to
answer; what is the existing procedure of the web-Based ICAT Application; and
to gather information and determine the acceptability of the system.
Meanwhile, according to (Klaassen, 2015), developmental research is a
particular way of addressing the basic questions of why and how to teach what
to whom. It involves a cyclical process of small-scale in-depth development and
evaluation, at a content-specific level, of exemplary teaching-learning
sequences. It aims to produce an empirically supported justification of the
inner workings of such a sequence, which is claimed to be an important
contribution to the expertise of teachers, curriculum developers, and
educational researchers.
The researchers will be going to use developmental method for the system
development being guided by the Unified Process Methodology. This
methodology has the following phases:
The researchers will use the Unified Process Model by Rynda Maala as a
method in the conduct of the study.
The unified process, as defined by (Maala, 2019), is a popular use-case
driven, architecture-centric, iterative, and incremental software development
process framework.
The researchers will be going to use Unified Process Model as the system
developmental methodology because they find it suitable for the system. The
goal is to ensure the production of high-quality software with the help of each
phase.
The Unified Process Model has four phases namely Inception, Elaboration,
Construction and Transition.
Figure 2.1 The Unified Process Model
Inception Phase. It is the first phase of UP Model. According to (Pedamkar,
2023), it is the phase in which the project’s basic ideas and structure will be
determined to prepare a business suite, the team will decide the purpose of the
project, success criteria, estimated cost risk, and resources required to
complete it.
During this phase, the researchers will be going to conduct a structure
interview in the office of Student Affairs and Services. The Researchers will ask
for the records and the process of Admission that are needed in the
development of the proposed system. In this phase, the problem is defined and
then came up with the objectives of the new system.
Elaboration Phase. It is the second phase of the UP Model. In this phase. A
(Cresswell, 2023) (Istiqomah, 2021)according to (Pedamkar, 2023), it is the
phase in which are going to analyze the project’s requirements and necessary
architecture, review the problems, develop the project plan, and eliminate the
high-risk elements form the project.
During this phase, the researchers will be going to analyze and evaluate the
data being gathered using the use case. This is to identify system requirements
needed for the proposed system.
Construction Phase. Third Phase of UP Model. (Pedamkar, 2023) stated that
construction phase involves developed and completed.
In this phase, the researchers performed the developmental process of the
proposed system and testing to verify if there ae some revisions to make. This
phase focuses on the design and implementation of the system.
Transition Phase. Final Phase of the UP Model. As pointed out by
(Pedamkar, 2023), it will be updated or changed based on end-user’s feedback.
It is the process of deployment.
During the transition phase, the beta testing will be conducted by the
researchers to determine if the developed system meets the requirements given
by the users and satisfies their expectations.
Population of the Study
The primary source of data was gathered the needed information from an
interview with the Student Affairs and Services (SAS) Director and Guidance
Office Staffs.
Data Gathering Instrument
Interview Guide. According to (Bird, 2016), an interview guide is simply a
list of the high-level topics that you plan on covering in the interview with the
high-level questions that you want to answer under each topic.
Questionnaires. It is the most frequency used instrument of data gathering
across disciplines, particularly in social science and humanities. A
questionnaire is a set of questions address to the sample respondents. It can
be self-administered by the respondents or read to the respondents by the
interviewer. The instrument was adopted from the study of (Suwawi, 2015)
The researchers will be going to float a survey questionnaire to determine
the level of acceptability of the proposed system.
Tools for Data Analysis
Flowchart. A flowchart is a graphical or symbolic representation of a
process. Each step in the process is represented by a different symbol and
contains a short description of the process step. (Hebb, 2014)
The researchers will be going to use a flowchart in the study to understand
and determine present existing procedure of ICAT.
Entity- Relationship Diagram (ERD). It is a visual representation of
underlying data model in the database (Mehta, 2019)
The relationship between entities system’s database was illustrated with the
use of the Entity Relationship Diagram. It helped the developers to have a
perfect view of all database elements.
Use Case Diagram. It is a graphic deception of interactions among the
elements of a system. A use case is methodology used in system analysis to
identify, clarify and organized system requirements. (Rouse, 2015)
The researchers will use the use case diagram to illustrate and identify,
classify, and organize system requirements through the set of possible
sequence of interactions between systems and users in the environment. It
showed the view of the system from the user perspective and describing what a
system does without describing how the system does it.
Hierarchical Input Process Output (HIPO). This is a tool for planning
and/or documenting a computer program, A HIPO model consists of hierarchy
chart that graphically represents the programs control structure and asset of
IPO (Input-Process-Output) charts that describes the input to, the outputs
from, and the functions (or processes) performed by each module on the
hierarchy chart.
The researchers will be going to use the HIPO to obtain a high-level view of
the system functions.
Data schema. It is a visual that outlines the architecture of a database. It
contains a list of tables, the fields those tables contain, database users, stored
procedures, and other pieces of information about a database. (Gallagher,
2020)
Database Schema will be used to present the data stored in the database of
the system using tables wherein the data types of length are specified.
Data Gathering Procedure
Interview.
In this study, an interview guide is used to determine the process of record
management of the College Admission. The researchers will be going to
interview Mr. Vic Gacula to gather information about the current procedure of
record management of the College Admission.
Internet Research.
According to (Morgan, 2018), Internet Research made researching a topic
easier than ever before. Instead of making a trip to the library, people with the
internet access simply pull up search engines, type, and click away. But, in
addition to making easier to access information, the web has also made it
easier to access information. However, by following some simple rules, you can
avoid being fooled or misinformed by a phony, inaccurate, or biased web
sources.
Through internet, researching topics that is related to your study has made
easy. Everyone a can have access to internet but not Al information's posted on
the internet is correct so you must be careful on copying information's because
some of them are not accurate or unreliable resources.
The researchers will use the internet to gather additional information
relevant to the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
References
[1]Bas Swaen. 2022. What Is a Conceptual Framework? | Tips & Examples.
What is a Conceptual Framework? Tip&Example. Retrieved January 17, 2024
from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/conceptual-framework/