Course Title: Human Physiology II

Course Code: Phyl2055

Module name: Biomedical Module I
Module code: Biom-M1033
Course ECTS: 5
Lecture: 48 hours
Tutorial:16 hours
Presentations: 15 hours
Assignment:7.5 hours
Assessment (continuous and final) 8 hours
Independent study (alone or in groups) 40.5 hours
Mode of delivery: Parallel
Pre-requisite if any: Human Physiology I
Course description:
This module will give an overview of a range of physiological systems, including the
homeostasis, the cell and cell membrane transport, composition of the body Fluid, physiology of
blood, physiology of the nerve, physiology of the muscle, autonomic NS, cardiovascular
physiology, respiratory physiology, renal physiology, gastro intestinal system, energy
metabolism, endocrine system, male and female reproductive system, central nervous system and
the special senses.
Course objectives:
At the end of the module the student should be able to:
Explain the composition of and levels of organization of human body.
Describe the basic physiological principle of the “internal environment” of the body.
Explain basic principles of homeostasis and homeostatic regulatory mechanisms.
Describe functional importance of different organ systems of human body and their
integrated role in the maintenance of homeostasis.
Appreciate the various physiological regulatory mechanisms of the body in the
maintenance of homeostasis.
Describe the various structures of the GIT, Secretary functions of GIT, Digestive and
Absorptive functions and Pathophysiology of the GIT.
Explain about Energy and Metabolism, Body Temperature Regulation, Feeding
regulation and its abnormalities.
 Describe in detail the various endocrine glands of the body and various hormones
secreted, the pituitary gland function and malfunction, the thyroid gland function and
malfunction, the adrenal gland hormonal abnormalities on the body functions, Calcium
homeostasis and Glucose homeostasis.
Describe the various structures of the male and female reproductive system, Pregnancy
and contraception, Parturition and lactation.
Explain the nervous mechanisms, which govern the regulation and homeostasis of the
principal physiological systems.
Describe in detail the general organization of the NS, Sensory and Motor functions of the
NS, Higher motor centers - Functions and lesions.
Describe the various special senses of the human body
Course learning and teaching methods
Active learning methods (brain storming, buzz group, discussion, etc), Lecture, group
and individual presentation, assignment, project work, and laboratory work.
Assessment techniques:
Assignments and Seminars (20%)
Quizzes (30%)
Final-exam (50%)
Teachers and Students Role
References:
5. Guyton A. C 1995-2006. Textbook of Medical physiology. 9th -11th editions
6. Ganong WF 1993-2006. Review of Medical physiology, 18th -22nd editions
7. Tortora G. J 1993. Principles of Anatomy and physiology. 7th edition.
8. Salah Abu-Sitta. Handouts containing different chapters (eight separate handouts.)

Course Schedule: By contact time, contents/topics & reading/reference materials for each topic
(physiology II)
Week Contact Topic/sub-topic/chapter Reading materials
hrs
1St 3 Physiology of Digestive System(8 Hrs) Guyton(p 791-799)
Ganong(p 467-477)
- General overview of the GIT
- Functional Structures of the GIT
- Secretary function of GIT
 - Salivary Secretion
- Gastric secretion
2nd 3 - Pancreatic secretion Guyton(p 799-800)
- Intestinal secretion Ganong(p 479-508)
- Bile secretion, jaundice Guyton(p 806)
3rd 3 - Digestive & absorptive function of GIT Guyton(p 800-817)
- Pathophysiology of GIT Ganong(p 479-508)
Energy and Metabolism(4 Hrs) Guyton(p 819-824)
- Introduction to Energy and Metabolism Guyton(p 830-839)
- The metabolic rate Ganong(p 279-285)
4th 3 - Energy balance Guyton(p 865-878)
- Feeding and its regulation Ganong(p 279-285)
- Body temperature regulation
- FEVER
- Obesity and the balanced diet
5th 3 Physiology of Endocrine Glands(12 Hrs) Guyton(p 905-916)
- Introduction to Endocrine physiology Ganong(p 918-921)
- Mechanism of action of hormones
- Hypothalamus-pituitary relationship
6th 3 - The pituitary gland function and Guytonp 922-942)
malfunction Ganong(p 317-328)
- The thyroid gland function and Ganong(p 396-409)
malfunction
7th 3 - Adrenal medulla: catecholamine Guyton(p 944-959)
function and malfunction Ganong(p 356-380)
- Adrenal cortex: function and
malfunction
8th 3 Calcium homeostasis Guyton(p 978-992)
- Bone formation and growth Ganong(p 382-395)
- Vitamin D3: synthesis, function and Guyton(p 961-976)
regulation Ganong(p 333-353)
- Parathyroid gland function and
dysfunction

127
 Glucose homeostasis
- Pancreas: endocrine and exocrine
function of pancreas
- Insulin: synthesis, function, mechanism
of action
- Glucagon, function, mechanism of
action
9th Reproductive System(8 Hrs) Guyton(p 996-1001)
- Introduction to Male Reproductive Ganong(p 441-451)
system
- Functional anatomy of male
reproductive system
- Primary & secondary sexual
characteristics
- The male sexual act
- Abnormalities of male sexual function
- Functional anatomy of female
reproductive system
- Menstruation cycle
- Female sexual act
- Fertility & birth control
- Abnormalities & secretion by ovaries
- Fertilization
- Implantation
- Physiological changes during
pregnancy
- Parturition
- Lactation
- Fetal physiology
- Physiological adjustments at birth
- Nutrition of the neonate
- Reproductive and hormonal function of
the male testis

128
 - Spermatogenesis
10th 3 - Function of seminal vesicles Guyton(p 996-1011)
- Function of the prostate gland Ganong(p 441-433)
- The male sexual act
- Androgens
- Abnormalities of male sex
- Reproductive function of female
11th 3 - The menstrual cycle Guyton(p 1011-1034)
- Pregnancy and contraception Ganong(p 433-451)
- Parturition and lactation Guyton(p 555-559)
Physiology of Nervous System Ganong(p 129)
(Neurophysiology)(12 Hrs)

- General overview and General

organization of the NS
- General tissue; neurons and neuralgia
- Generation and transmission of nerve Guyton(p 559-583)

12th 3 impulse Ganong(p 138-148)

- Neurotransmitters
- Sensory function of the NS
- Sensory receptors, classification
- Somatic sensation and their pathways
13th 3 - Motor function of the NS Guyton(p 673-684)
- Reflexes; reflex arc, examples Ganong(p 129-137)
- Higher motor centers Guyton(p 685-697)
- Cerebral cortex
- Basal ganglia function and disease
14th 3 - Hypothalamus function and disease Guytonp 698-713)
- Thalamus function and disease Ganong(p 202-217)
- Cerebellum function and disease
- The brain stem; reticular formation
- Pyramidal and extra pyramidal tracts,
lesion
15th 3 - Limbic system Guyton(p 728-738)

129
 - Reticular activating system Ganong(p 192-196)
- Brain electrical activity: EEG and sleep Guyton(p 613-649)
- Cerebral cortex, memory, speech, and Ganong(p 148-168)
aphasia
Physiology of the Special senses (4 Hrs)
- Introduction to Physiology of the
Special senses
- Visual sensation
16th 3 - Auditory sensation Guyton(p 651-668)
- Olfactory sensation Ganong(p 171-188)
- Gustatory sensation

- Physiology of equilibrium