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Programs?
CS 770 Process Engineering
An Introduction to the Course
Rushikesh K. Joshi
Computer Science & Engineering
IIT Bombay
[email protected]
How the course came into existence
Newly Introduced in 2020, It’s a course in a series of courses that I have been
offering, to deal with Program Engineering towards Programming in the large.
● Object Oriented Systems
● Software Architecture
● Abstractions and Paradigms for Programming
● Design and Refactoring of Object Oriented Programs
● Process Engineering
What are Processes?
Let's look at a few examples
● Online ordering
●
Passports
● Application forms
● Exams and admissions
●
ASC registrations
● Banking transactions, validation
●
Conducting courses
●
Education
● Cooking
●
Sports
● Organizing and conducting events, conferences,
concerts, meets, weddings, parties
What are Processes?
● Processes have multiple activities, phases
● Activities are networked via dependencies
● Multiple users may be involved in a single process
● Activities may exchange messages for each other
● Events may get generated asynchronously triggering next set of activties
● Processes are started and terminated at completion
● There may be many instances of a single process\
Process is in the focus
● How to go about thinking about process-oriented programs even before they are
actually written? How to conceptualize
● What are the basic primitives and abstractions
● How do we connect them
● What complex structures can we obtain by connecting the abstractions and
primitives
● What would their dynamic behavior be?
we want to engineer processes
Course Content
(2) Business process Models in OMG’s BPMN ◦ business processes, tasks, gateways, pools,
lanes, collaborations, public and private processes, choreographies, markers, conversations,
ad-hoc models, activities, events, start/end/intermediate events, boundary events, event-driven
models, exception paths,subprocesses.
(1) Formal Modeling and analytics Places and transitions, tokens and markings, state
spaces, reachability graphs, traces, properties of nets.
(3) Process Patterns and Workflows Commonly found process patterns in workflows.
Introduction to Workflow engines and execution of processes.
(4) Process Migration Business changes, long processes, migration of instances, change
region, consistency, migration policies and algorithms.
(5) Process Mining: Traces and logs, process conformance, algorithms for process recovery
Abstraction Space in OMG’s BPMN Module
Processes public and private activities
processes
Tasks events,
choreographies
Gateways start/end/intermediate
markers events
Pools
conversations boundary events
Lanes
ad-hoc models event-driven models
Collaborations
Exception paths
subprocesses
Petri Nets: Formal Models of Processes and Reasoning with them
Places and State spaces
transitions Reachability graphs
Tokens and markings Traces
Firing rules Use of tools and
discovering properties
Classical Petri Nets of petri nets.
Extended petri nets Modeling, Mapping
Colored petri nets
Process Patterns and Workflows
Not every problem needs to be solved from first principles
Process Patterns and Workflows Commonly found process patterns in
workflows.
“Workflow" or Workflow processes was a commonly used nomenclature earlier.
These have limited capabilities.
- But patterns discovered during workflow era are quite useful in general process
engineering.
Introduction to Workflow models, workflow engines and execution of processes.
Process Migration
Processes evolve, changes occur in process definitions and bahavior → models change
Migration of instances in long (running) old process to newly changed ones becomes a problem
The concept of Change regions
Notion of Consistency in migration
- Migration policies and algorithms to find correct new places to continue in the new process
Process Mining
Analyzing Traces and logs
Algorithms to recover Process model from traces
Process conformance
Process analytics, bottleneck points, performance improvement
Evaluation Plan
Quiz 1: 10
Quiz 2: 10
Midsem: 20
Endsem evaluation: 40
Individual/group activities, readings, presentations: 20
Attendance in lectures is required.
TA: Karnika Shivhare (Ph.D. research scholar)
References
References
● OMG Specification, Business Process Model And Notation, Jan 2014 https://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN
● Tado Murata, Murata, Petri Nets: Properties, Analysis and Applications, IEEE Proceedings, April 1989
● Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Process Mining: Data Science in Action, 2016, Springer
● Selected Research Articles/Softwares.
A representative list is given below:
Workflow Exception Patterns, Nick Russell, Wil van der Aalst, Arthur ter Hofstede CaiSe 2006, pp. 288-302 LNCS-4001
Workflow Mining: Discovering Process Models from Event Logs Wil van der Aalst, Ton Weijters, and Laura Maruster IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, VOL. 16, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2004
Integration of Process Model and CIM to Represent Events and Chronology in Power Systems, Ravikumar Gelli, S.A.
Khaparde, R.K. Joshi, IEEE Systems Journal, Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2018
A Taxonomy of Consistency Models in Dynamic Migration of Business Processes, Ahana Pradhan, Rushikesh K. Joshi, IEEE
Transactions on Services Computing, published online 03 August 2017. Volume 11 Issue 3, May-June 2018.
Using Patterns to Design Rules in Workflows Fabio Casati,, Silvana Castano, Mariagrazia Fugini, Isabelle Mirbel, and Barbara
Pernici IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, August 2000 Exposure to a Workflow engine software Using BPMN
Modeling tool
