Delhi Public School
RELATION Total Marks : 5
ASIGNMENT
* Choose The Right Answer From The Given Options.[1 Marks Each] [5]
1. Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a plane. Let a relation R be defined by
lRm if l is perpendicular to m for all l, m ∈ L. Then, R is:
(A) Reflexive. (B) Symmetric. (C) Transitive. (D) None of these.
2. Let R be the relation in the set {1, 2, 3, 4} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 1), (4,4), (1, 3),
(3, 3), (3, 2)}. Choose the correct answer.
(A) R is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
(B) R is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.
(C) R is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive.
(D) R is an equivalence relation.
3. The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)} on the set {1, 2, 3} is:
(A) Symmetric only. (B) Reflexive only.
(C) An equivalence relation. (D) Transitive only.
4. S is a relation over the set R of all real numbers and it is given by
(a, b) ∈ S ⇔ ab ≥ 0. Then, S is:
(A) Symmetric and transitive only.
(B) Reflexive and symmetric only.
(C) Antisymmetric relation.
(D) An equivalence relation.
5. The relation S defined on the set R of all real number by the rule aSb iff a ≥ b is:
(A) An equivalence relation.
(B) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric.
(C) Symmetric, transitive but not reflexive.
(D) Neither transitive nor reflexive but symmetric.
6. Test whether the following relations R3 are:
i. Reflexive.
ii. Symmetric.
iii. Transitive.
2 2
R3 on R defined by (a, b) ∈ R3 ⇔ a − 4ab + 3b = 0
7. Let L be the set of all lines in XY-plane and R be the relation in L defined as R =
{(L1 , L2 ): L1 is parallel to L2 }. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all
lines related to the line y = 2x + 4.
8. Let R be a relation defined on the set of natural numbers N as,
R = {(x, y): x, y ∈ N, 2x + y = 41}
Find the domain and range of R. Also, verify whether R is:
i. Reflexive.
ii. Symmetric.
iii. Transitive.
[1]
9. Let O be the origin. We define a relation between two points P and Q in a plane
if OP = OQ. Show that the relation, so defined is an equivalence relation.
10. Let R be a relation on the set A of ordered pair of integers defined by (x, y)R(u, v)
if xv = yu. Show that R is an equivalence relation.
11. Let S be a relation on the set R of all real numbers defined by S = {(a, b)
∈ R × R: a 2 + b2 = 1} prove that S is not an equivalence relation on R.
12. Let Z be the set of integers. Show that the relation R = {(a, b): a, b ∈ Z and a + b is
even} is an equivalence relation on Z.
13. Prove that the relation R on Z defined by (a, b) ∈ R ⇔ a −b is divisible by 5 is an
equivalence relation on Z.
14. Let A be the set of all human beings in a town at a particular time. Determine
whether the following relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive:
R = {(x, y): x and y work at the same place}
15. Let C be the set of all complex numbers and C0 be the set of all no-zero complex
z1 −z2
numbers. Let a relation R on C0 be defined as z1 R z2 ⇔
z1 +z2
is real for all
z1 , z2 ∈ C0 . Show that R is an equivalence relation.
16. Show that the relation R defined by R = {(a, b): a - b is divisible by 3; a, b ∈ Z} is an
equivalence relation.
17. Show that the relation R on the set Z of integers, given by R = {(a, b): 2 divides a - b}, is
an equivalence relation.
18. Let n be a fixed positive integer. Define a relation R on Z as follows:
(a, b) ∈ R ⇔ a −b is divisible by n. Show that R is an equivalence relation on Z.
19. m is said to be related to n if m and n are integers and m - n is divisible by 13. Does this
define an equivalence relation?
20. Let R be the relation defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} by R = {(a, b):
both a and b are either odd or even}. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Further,
show that all the elements of the subset {1, 3, 5, 7} are related to each other and all the
elements of the subset {2, 4, 6} are related to each other, but no element of the subset
{1, 3, 5, 7} is related to any element of the subset {2, 4, 6}.
21. Let Z be the set of all integers and Z0 be the set of all non-zero integers. Let a
relation R on Z × Z0 be defined as (a, b)R(c, d) ⇔ ad = bc for all (a, b), (c, d) ∈ Z × Z0 ,
Prove that R is an equivalence relation on Z × Z0 .
22. Show that the relation R, defined on the set A of all polygons as R =
{(P1 , P2 ): P1 and P2 have same number of sides}, is an equivalence relation. What is the
set of all elements in A related to the right angle triangle T with sides 3, 4 and 5?
23. If R and S are relations on a set A, then prove that:
i. R and S are symmetric ⇒ R ∩ S and R ∪ S are symmetric
ii. R is reflexive and S is any relation ⇒ R ∪ S is reflexive.
24. Let A be the set of all human beings in a town at a particular time. Determine
whether the following relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive:
R = {(x, y): x is wife of y}
25. Let A be the set of all human beings in a town at a particular time. Determine
whether the following relations are reflexive, symmetric and transitive:
R = {(x, y): x and y live in the same locality}
[2]
26. Test whether the following relations R1 are:
i. Reflexive.
ii. Symmetric.
iii. Transitive.
1
R1 on Q0 defined by (a, b) ∈ R1 ⇔ a = .
b
27. Show that the relation R on the set A = {x ∈ Z; 0 ≤ x ≤ 12}, given by R =
{(a, b): a = b}, is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1.
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