Applied vs Fundamental Research
Get to know more about the contrast between applied and fundamental psychology
● Applied vs Fundamental Research
To understand the difference between applied and fundamental research, it is very important to
understand what they are. Applied research is a kind of scientific research that focuses on solving
real-world issues. Applied research is critical in finding solutions to the difficulties we face daily,
especially those that have ramifications for our personal lives, careers, and health. This sort of study
may be applied in several ways. Among its many applications are discovering new treatments for
disease and the advancement of cutting-edge technology.The results of fundamental research, also
known as basic or pure research, are not frequently applied to the real world. We do basic research
because we are curious about the world and want to learn more about a certain subject area. This
form of study adds to the body of knowledge already known by academics.
According to the idea of ‘collecting knowledge for knowing,’ fundamental studies tend to create
generalisations about their subject matter. The primary goal of basic research is to answer questions
such as “Why?”, “What?” and “How?” thereby adding to the reservoir of fundamental knowledge in
the field.Research conducted on a particular topic is referred to as “applied research.” The results of
this kind of study have direct application. In fundamental research, all attention is on theorising and
evaluating hypotheses. It has a natural tendency to grasp the fundamentals of a situation.The study
of human behaviour falls within the purview of basic research. It is geared toward gathering data
used by anybody, anywhere. In other words, fundamental research fills in any gaps in our
understanding of the world.
Applied vs Fundamental Research
Basic research is primarily concerned with the “big picture” issues, such as expanding the body of
information available on a certain subject. In contrast to basic research, which focuses more on
broad issues, applied research focuses on tackling particular problems individuals face.For instance,
a social psychologist doing fundamental research on violence may look at how various elements
may contribute to violence as a whole, as well. The subject of how to prevent violence in schools
may be addressed by a psychologist performing practical research.However, according to a study,
there is a strong connection between fundamental and applied research. Applied research is
typically based on knowledge obtained in fundamental research.
Applied research differs from fundamental research in the following ways:
● Basic research is defined as work that aims to add to the body of already-existing knowledge in the
scientific community. An alternative meaning of the term applied research is “scientific study useful
in addressing real-life issues”
● In contrast to fundamental theoretical research, practical applied research is more hands-on
● Insofar as the application is concerned, fundamental research has a broader scope than applied
research since the former may be used to solve any issue, regardless of its context
● Developing scientific knowledge and making predictions are the fundamental goals of basic
research. When it comes to applied research vs fundamental research, there is a difference in
emphasis
● Basic research’s primary objective is to fill in any gaps in our knowledge. When it comes to solving
an issue in the real world, applied research focuses on finding the answer
● It’s important to remember that the goals of each sort of study are distinct. Basic research aims not
to solve a problem but rather to improve knowledge. In contrast, applied research focuses on solving
particular problems. It’s common for researchers in applied research to be motivated by a client’s
needs. Individual curiosity and a desire to learn more about a topic usually drive most basic research
● There are two types of research: fundamental and applied. The former is used to build theories; the
latter is used to tackle specific issues. As a result, applied research is more practical than theoretical
research. On the other hand, basic research may assist in the development of hypotheses and
predictions
What are the examples of Applied Research?
The following are a few possible instances for the application of research:
● Searching for strategies to promote items to young adults
● Social media fraud is the subject of a new research project
● Investigating methods of enticing high school graduates to continue their education once they
graduate
● In-depth research on how to extend the life of automobile tires
● On the subject of cooking gluten-free meals on a tight budget
● Insomnia sufferers’ treatment in a randomised clinical trial
● Studying techniques to boost patient retention at a dentist’s office
Advantages of applied research
Applied research provides several advantages beyond helping to tackle current issues. The following
are some of the benefits of doing research using an applied approach:
● Helping companies make smarter choices that save them money and reduce their risk
● Aiming for something fresh
● Inventing and developing new goods and services
Conclusion
The study may vary depending on the degree of the research and its objective. The goal of basic
research might be to gain new scientific information, whereas applied research aims to find a
solution to a specific issue that is being studied. These two types of study may be useful in various
situations, but they each have their advantages and disadvantages. Theoretical issues may be
answered with the aid of basic research. If you’re looking to discover new information and make
predictions, this is the kind of study you should be carrying out. When attempting to find a solution,
applied research is usually more helpful.
Difference between Applied and Fundamental Research
Table of Contents
● Difference between Applied and Fundamental Research
o Fundamental Research
o Applied Research
o Difference between Applied and Fundamental Research
● Detailed Concept of Applied Research
o Types of Applied Research
▪ Evaluation Research
▪ Research and Development
▪ Action Research
o Methods of Applied Research
o Benefits of Applied Research
o Limitations of Applied Research
o Examples of Applied Research
▪ Applied research in business
▪ Applied Research in Psychology
▪ Application Research in Health
Detailed Concept of Fundamental Research/ Basic Research
o Methods of Basic Research
▪ Interview
▪ Observation
▪ Experiment
▪ Questionnaire
o Examples of Basic/Fundamental Research
▪ Basic/Fundamental Research in Education
▪ Basic/Fundamental Research in Science
▪ Basic/Fundamental Research in Health
▪ Basic/ Fundamental Research in Psychology
Fundamental Research
Fundamental Research is the research which is generally conducted to develop some new
theories. Basic Research is also called Fundamental Research. Basic Research mainly focuses
on generalizations and formulation of a theory. One of the example of Basic Research include
research studies that are concerned with human behavior. Basic Research is called as pure
research because it attempts to study various theoretical concepts and details relating to various
aspects in pure sciences and to a dependable extent in social sciences.
Different types of research works that are conducts by various scholars, professors and the other
researchers devoted in generating new knowledge in particular areas of their interest is called
fundamental research.
Applied Research
Applied Research is the research which is generally conducted to solve the problem of the
organization setting. Applied Research is also called as Decisional Research. Applied research is
deductive in nature that means it keeps some theories as its base while conducting research so as
to generate some solutions (conclusions).
For example, Applied Research can be used to find out conclusions (solutions) facing a concrete
social or business problem. Along with this , Applied Research is very useful to identify social
economic or political trends that may affect a particular institution or the marketing research or
evaluation.
Difference between Applied and Fundamental Research
S.no. Applied Research Fundamental Research
Applied research is the research which is Fundamental research is the research which is
1. generally conducted to solve the problem of generally conducted to develop some new
the organization setting. theories.
Fundamental research is concerned with the
Applied research is more concerned with
development, examination, verification and
knowledge that has immediate application
2. refinement of research methods,
and would be useful in making decisions and
procedures ,techniques and tools that form the
formulating policies.
body of research methodology.
Applied research is deductive in nature that
Fundamental research is inductive in nature that
3. means it keeps some theories as its base
means it comes with new theory discoveries.
while conducting research.
Applied research is also called action Fundamental research is also called basic
4.
research. research or pure research.
Applied research is quantitative in nature.
Fundamental research is qualitative in nature.
The managers generally carry out applied
5. The professors generally carry out fundamental
research works and it is used in day to day
research and it is used for future benefits.
life.
Detailed Concept of Applied Research
In applied research, the objective is to solve a specific problem or provide innovative solutions to
issues affecting an individual, group or society. Since it involves the practical application of
scientific methods to everyday problems, it is sometimes called a scientific method of inquiry or
contractual research. An applied researcher takes time to identify a problem, develop a research
hypothesis, and then execute experiments to test these hypotheses. In many cases, this approach
employs empirical methods in order to solve practical problems.
Applied research refers to a non-systematic approach that provides solutions to specific problems
or issues. These issues can range from a personal one to a group or societal one. Due to its direct
approach to finding solutions, it is called a non-systematic approach. An applied research process
is often seen as a scientific process because the tools of science are applied practically to reach a
conclusion.
A researcher conducting applied research identifies a problem, formulates a hypothesis, and
conducts experiments to test it. The research further examines the findings of a pure or basic
research.
Types of Applied Research
here are three types of applied research. They are:
Evaluation Research
Applied evaluation research involves creating objective outcomes for a research project or
making informed decisions based on existing information about the research subject. Research of
this kind is usually carried out in business contexts, for instance, an organisation might use
evaluation research to determine how to reduce overhead costs.
Research and Development
An applied research method that develops new products and services based on the needs of a
market is known as research and development. Research involves gathering information about
marketing needs and improving an existing product or creating new products that satisfy those
needs.
Action Research
It is a type of applied research that provides practical solutions to specific problems faced by
businesses, by pointing them in the right direction. It is a process of reflection that is usually
restricted to specific contexts and is situational in nature.
Methods of Applied Research
The methods of applied research are:
Surveys: In this method, respondents are asked questions relating to the research topic and are
expected to record their responses which reflect their opinions. The questions can be either close-
ended (providing quantitative data) or open-ended (providing qualitative data).
Observation: In this method, the researcher observes subjects in their environment to learn
about their behavior and thoughts, though this is susceptible to his or her personal biases.
Focus Group: It involves gathering data about a certain issue from a group of individuals.
The researcher asks open-ended questions of a sample of people who have faced the issue.
Interview: In this method, information is collected one-on-one from subjects. An interviewer
asks questions that relate to the research topic to the subjects.Although it is time-consuming, it is
the most accurate source of data for the research. It can be conducted online or by video call,
audio recorder, etc.
Data Reporting: It’s a method of gathering information for a research topic that may become
a source of data for future studies. It can be published in a newspaper, magazine, or report.
Benefits of Applied Research
The benefits of applied research are as follows:
● Research is unbiased since it tests the evidence to get good outcomes, and it is well-planned and
designed, all of which make the research a much valid approach.
● An application of applied research helps organizations or individuals find solutions to specific
problems efficiently and accurately.
Limitations of Applied Research
The limitations of applied research are as follows:
● There is no flexibility in the nature of the project and it is bound by deadlines.
● It’s being limited in nature and is therefore not considered to be generalized since finding the
solution is not generalized properly.
Examples of Applied Research
Applied Research in Psychology
The goal of applied research in psychology is to determine workplace behaviors, human
resources, and organizational development. Researchers use this technique when they experiment
with the thinking process of individuals and then develop solutions that match their behavior.
Applied research to determine new ways to handle depression. Applied research to regulate a
motivated work strategy to get employees to attend regularly.
Application Research in Health
In the medical field, applied research is mostly used as a method to test new medicines based on
evidence and solutions. To achieve verifiable and evidential results, it combines scientific
knowledge with health experiences. Researchers are examining the healing properties of specific
medicines, investigating the side effects of specific drugs, researching a new way of performing
heart surgery.
Detailed Concept of Fundamental Research/ Basic Research
Fundamental Research/ Basic research is a type of research that aims at gaining a better
understanding of a subject, a phenomenon, or a state of nature, with the intent of advancing
knowledge rather than solving a specific problem. Between the late 19th century and the early
20th century, basic research was developed as a way to overcome societal divides regarding the
application of science.
In fundamental research, knowledge and understanding about natural phenomena are the main goals.
Life and health sciences focus Applied Research in Psychology
The goal of applied research in psychology is to determine workplace behaviors, human
resources, and organizational development. Researchers use this technique when they experiment
with the thinking process of individuals and then develop solutions that match their behavior.
Applied research to determine new ways to handle depression. Applied research to regulate a
motivated work strategy to get employees to attend regularly.
Application Research in Health
In the medical field, applied research is mostly used as a method to test new medicines based on
evidence and solutions. To achieve verifiable and evidential results, it combines scientific
knowledge with health experiences. Researchers are examining the healing properties of specific
medicines, investigating the side effects of specific drugs, researching a new way of performing
heart surgery.
Detailed Concept of Fundamental Research/ Basic Research
Fundamental Research/ Basic research is a type of research that aims at gaining a better
understanding of a subject, a phenomenon, or a state of nature, with the intent of advancing
knowledge rather than solving a specific problem. Between the late 19th century and the early
20th century, basic research was developed as a way to overcome societal divides regarding the
application of science.
In fundamental research, knowledge and understanding about natural phenomena are the main
goals. Life and health sciences focus primarily on deciphering the mechanisms of life and
understanding not only how humans function, but also how organisms function and how they
interact.
Generally, basic research is exploratory, descriptive or explanatory; however, it is often
explanatory. It is the primary objective of this research approach to gather information in order to
improve one’s understanding, and this information can be used to propose solutions to a
problem.
Methods of Basic Research
he methods of basic research are:
Interview
Interviews are a common way to collect data in basic research. They involve interacting with
individuals to gather relevant information about a phenomenon. Based on the research process
and objectives, interviews can be structured, unstructured, or semi-structured. Researchers who
conduct structured interviews ask a set of pre-planned questions, whereas they do not use pre-
prepared questions in unstructured interviews. To obtain relevant information, he or she relies on
spontaneity and follow-up questions. Semi-structured interviews, on the other hand, allow the
researcher to stray from premeditated questions in order to learn more about the research subject.
Observation
An observation is a method of gathering data that entails paying close attention to a phenomenon
for a specific period of time in order to gather relevant information about its behavior. In basic
research, the researcher may have to study the subject for a certain period as the subject interacts
with the environment. According to its procedures and approach, an observation can be
structured or unstructured. Data collection is carried out according to a predetermined schedule
and procedure in structured observation, while unstructured observation is not governed by a
predetermined procedure.
Experiment
Experiments are a quantitative data-gathering method used to test hypotheses and prove or refute
existing theories. To obtain objective research outcomes, this method of data collection
manipulates dependent and independent variables. An experiment is typically designed to
determine how an independent variable will affect the dependent variable in the research context.
Controlled experiments, field experiments, and natural experiments can be used for this.
Questionnaire
The questionnaire consists of a series of questions to which the research subjects respond. It is a
convenient data collection tool because it allows you to collect large amounts of data from a
large number of individuals concurrently.
Examples of Basic/Fundamental Research
There are many areas of basic research, but examples can be found in the fields of medicine,
education, psychology, and technology, to name a few. Basic research has the goal of expanding
and developing the frontier of knowledge.
Basic/Fundamental Research in Education
The aim of basic research in education is to develop pedagogical theories that explain the
teaching and learning process in the classroom. Examples of basic research in education include;
What are the benefits of the Language Acquisition Device for children?, What is the process of
retentive memory in humans?, and What factors affect students’ concentration in class?
Basic/Fundamental Research in Science
Researchers use basic research to expand their understanding of molecules and cells that have
been discovered, strange phenomena, and little-understood processes. Fundamental research
contributes to many scientific breakthroughs, even if the benefits may not be apparent
immediately. Basic research in science includes; Analyzing the chemical composition of organic
molecules and The study of the components of human DNA.
Basic/Fundamental Research in Health
Through basic research methods, healthcare can be improved by providing new dimensions to
the understanding and interpretation of health issues. For instance, healthcare practitioners gain
more insight into the origins of diseases, which can provide cures for chronic
medical conditions. Health researchers believe that vaccines are often developed based on an
understanding of the disease, such as the polio vaccine. Several medical breakthroughs have
been attributed to the wealth of knowledge gained through basic research.
Basic/ Fundamental Research in Psychology
Basic research in psychology helps individuals and organisations gain insights and better
understand different conditions. These methods are purely theoretical, and they allow
psychologists to understand certain behaviors better without offering solutions. Basic research in
psychology includes; Is stress associated with increased aggression? , An analysis of behavioral
differences between children raised by separated parents and children raised by married parents,
and What is the impact of gender stereotypes on depression?
