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Solar System

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Ricardo Eduard
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54 views12 pages

Solar System

Uploaded by

Ricardo Eduard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Solar System

The planets in the solar system


Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and it
only takes 88 days to complete its orbit. It is
the smallest planet in the solar system and is
made entirely of rock. Mercury has almost no
atmosphere, which means that the temperature
changes depending on which part of the planet
is facing the sun. On its sunny side, Mercury
can reach up to 426 degrees Celsius, and on its
dark side, it can drop to -184 degrees Celsius.
Venus
Venus is the next closest planet to the sun,
completing its orbit around the sun in
about 225 days. Like Mercury, Venus is
also made up of rocks. Venus has an
atmosphere around it, but it is so thick
that the planet is permanently covered by
clouds. Despite this, it is still the hottest
planet in the solar system, as its average
temperature is 460 degrees Celsius. This
was also the first planet visited by a space
probe, 1962.
Earth
Earth is our planet! It is made
up of rocks and the only planet
where water is liquid, because
it is the ideal temperature
compared to the planets in the
solar system.
Mars
Mars is often called the "Red Planet"
because it has a reddish color (due to the
surface sprinkled with rusty powder, rich
in iron). The Martian orbit lasts 687
days, around the Sun, and its average
temperature is -67 degrees Celsius.
Although it is only half the diameter of
the earth and is much farther from the
Sun, Mars has many similarities to
Earth.
Jupiter
Jupiter, one of the four "gas giants",
is the largest of the planets in the
solar system, it is so large that you
could frame more than 1300 planets
the size of our planet! And what
may surprise you is that it takes
almost 12 years for Jupiter to travel
around the Sun.
Saturn
Saturn, another "gas giant", is
most famous for its rings, which
are made of small pieces of ice
and dust. These rings were first
discovered by Galileo through a
telescope. It takes 29.5 years for
Saturn to orbit the Sun.
Uranus
îUranus, of course, another "gas
giant", is the coldest of the planets
in the solar system, with an
average temperature of -220
degrees Celsius. For Uranus, it
takes 84 years to orbit the Sun
once and is 63 times larger than
Earth!
Neptune
Neptune, the last of the
"gas giants", is the farthest
planet from the Sun, so
Neptune needs 165 years to
orbit around it.
Bonus
How did the planets in the solar system appear?
About 4.7 billion years ago, the solar system was formed. Made of gas and dust, the Sun shone
like a star in a ring of debris that was the remnants of its formation. These materials have grown
slowly, with tiny particles appearing in asteroids, villages and planets.
The sun, which is the largest object in the solar system, is located in the center, has a diameter of
1,392,700 km and contains more than 99.8% of the mass of the solar system. It is like a very hot
ball of hydrogen and helium gas that is constantly changing, and its central temperature is higher
than 15,600,000 degrees Celsius. Due to their very high boiling point, only metals and silicates
could withstand the hot interior of the solar system, close to the Sun, and these led to the formation
of the rock planets Mercury, Venus, Earth (Earth) and Mars. Because the metallic elements made
up only a very small portion of the solar nebula, the terrestrial planets could not reach too large.

The gas giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) formed farther from the Sun, beyond the ice
line: the point between the orbit of Mars and Jupiter from which matter is cold enough to allow
volatile compounds to remain solid.
This is only a small part
of our universe. It is not
known what the
Universe still hides from
us.

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