Mathematics 10

4th Quarter – Week 1 & 2 From the first example,

Module 1
MEASURES OF POSITION for UNGROUPED DATA 14 10 12 9 17 5 8 9 14 10 11

3 Types of Measures of Position *Always remember our first step is to arrange the data
1.Quartiles – Divides the distribution into 4 groups from least to greatest value.
2.Decile – Divides the distribution into 10 groups
3.Percentile – Divides the distribution into 100 groups 5 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 17

*Number of data (n) → 11

*k values are the subscript of the measures of position, 1
for Q1, 2 for Q2, and 3 for Q3.

1
Q 1= ( n+1 ) → use 1 for k
4
1
In this illustration, you see the distribution of the Q1= ( 11+1 ) → substitute n = 11
4
data, and how it is divided by the quartiles, deciles, and
1
percentiles. You may have observed as well that there Q 1= ( 12 ) → simplify 11 + 1
are measures that are equal, such as Q2 = D5 = P50. Q2, D5, 4
and P50 are also known as mean. Q1=3 → multiply

Examples * We got Q 1=3 , but this is not the answer. This is only
the position or the order, so we need to find the
1. Find the lower quartile, middle quartile, and upper 3rd score/data.
quartile:
5 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 17
14 10 12 9 17 5 8 9 14 10 11 ↑
Q1=3 rd
Step 1: Arrange the data in ascending order (least to
greatest value) *Now, lets find the middle and upper quartile using the
same steps.
5 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 17
2 3
Step 2: Determine the least and greatest values Q2= ( n+1 ) Q3= ( n+ 1 )
4 4
2 3
Step 3: Get the middle value Q2 Q 2= ( 11+1 ) Q 3= ( 11+ 1 )
4 4
2 3
5 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 17 Q2= ( 12 ) Q3= ( 12 )
4 4
Step 4: the lower quartile Q1 is the value between the Q2=6 Q3=9
least value and the middle value
*Note: The answer we derive is not the final
Step 5: the upper quartile Q3 is the value between the answer. It is only the position of the data/score.
middle value and the greatest value
5 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 17
↑ ↑
Q2=6 th Q3=9th

5 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 17 *For Decile and Percentile, we will follow the same

steps and the same formula. The difference is only the
*These steps are the basic way of determining the denominator we use, 4 for Quartile, 10 for Decile, and
quartiles. There are two other known methods in 100 for Percentile.
determining the measures of position.
k
MENDENHALL AND SINCICH METHOD Position of Q k = ( n+1 )
4
k k
Position of Q k = ( n+1 ) Position of D k = ( n+1 )
4 10
where: k → kth Quartile (1, 2 or 3) k
n → number of data or scores Position of Pk = ( n+1 )
100
 D8=8 → since the result is a whole number, then
no need to proceed to steps 3 to 5.
Try these: (Use the same data from the example)
Find: Answers: 1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31
1. D2 8 ↑
2. D7 12 D8=8 th
3. P35 9 Therefore, D8 is 30.
4. P55 11
LINEAR INTERPOLATION 59
P59= ( n+1 )
100
This method is more accurate than the Mendenhall and
59
Sincich Method, especially when decimals are involved. P59= ( 9+1 )
100
Examples 59
P59= ( 10 )
100
Find the Q1, D8, and P59 P59=5.9 → 5.9 is between 5 and 6
1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31
1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31 ↑
P59=5.9
Step 1: Arrange from least to greatest value (the given is Step 3: 21−16=5
already arranged) Step 4: 0.9 ×5=4.5
Step 5: 16+ 4.5=20.5
Step 2: We use the same formula to determine the
position. n=9 → the number of data Therefore, P59 is 20.5.

1 Assessment 1
Q 1= ( n+1 )
4
1 A. Find the Q1, D4, D6, P13 and P71 using
Q1= ( 9+1 )
4 Mendenhall and Sincich Method
1
Q 1= ( 10 )
4 35 42 40 28 15 23 33 20 18 28
Q1=2.5 → the data we need is between 2nd and 3rd
B. Find the Q3, D2, D8, P37 and P85 using Linear
1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31 Interpolation. (round off to 2nd decimal place)
↑
Q1=2.5 87 109 79 80 96 95 90
92 96 98 101 91 78 112
94 107 81 96
Step 3: We subtract the larger data by the smaller data
7−3=4
Step 4: We multiply the decimal value from Step 2 by Assessment 2 (MATCHING TYPE)
the difference we got from Step 3
Write the letter of your answer in a 1 whole sheet of
Q1=2.5 → the decimal is 0.5 paper (left side of your paper). Show your solution on
4 → our answer from step 3 the right side of the paper until the back. NO
SOLUTION means WRONG.
0.5 × 4=2
Given:
Step 5: Add the result from step 4 to the smaller data
from Step 2 20, 35, 55, 28, 46, 32, 25, 56, 55, 28, 37, 60, 47, 52, 17
2+3=5
1. Q1 I. 28
Therefore, Q1 is 5. 2. D2 O. 37
3. D9 C. 55
*Now, let’s solve for D8 and P59 4. Q2 M. 25.6
5. P19 A. 33.2
8 6. P84 P. 57.6
D 8= ( n+1 )
10 7. D4 R. 25.12
8 8. P71 E. 34.64
D 8= ( 9+1 ) 9. Q3 N. 53.08
10
8 10. P43 T. 55.44
D8= (10 )
10
Fill in the blank with your answer then answer the
question:

“What is the _______________ of learning the

measures of position?
Answer key:

Assessment 1

A.
1. 20
2. 23
3. 33
4. 15
5. 35
B.
1. 98.75
2. 80.8
3. 102.2
4. 91.03
5. 107.3