Docker
Image
Docker Image
1. Build an image from a Dockerfile:
Terminal
docker build -t image_name path_to_dockerfile
# Example
docker build -t myapp .
2. List all local images:
Terminal
docker images
# Example
docker image ls
3. Pull an image from Docker Hub:
Terminal
docker pull image_name:tag
# Example
docker pull nginx:latest
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Docker Image
4. Remove a local image:
Terminal
docker rmi image_name:tag
# Example
docker rmi myapp:latest
Or
Terminal
docker rm [image_name/image_id]
# Example
docker rm fd484f19954f
5. Tag an image:
Terminal
docker tag source_image:tag new_image:tag
# Example
docker tag myapp:latest myapp:v1
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Docker Image
6. Push an image to Docker Hub:
Terminal
docker push image_name:tag
# Example
docker push myapp:v1
7. Inspect details of an image:
Terminal
docker image inspect image_name:tag
# Example
docker image inspect myapp:v1
8. Save an image to a tar archive:
Terminal
docker save -o image_name.tar image_name:tag
# Example
docker save -o myapp.tar myapp:v1
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Docker Image
9. Load an image from a tar archive:
Terminal
docker load -i image_name.tar
# Example
docker load -i image_name.tar
10. Prune unused images:
Terminal
docker image prune
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Docker
Container
Docker Container
1. Run a container from an image:
Terminal
docker run container_name image_name
# Example
docker run myapp
2. Run a named container from an image:
Terminal
docker run --name container_name image_name:tag
# Example
docker run --name my_container myapp:v1
3. List all running containers:
Terminal
docker ps
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Docker Container
4. List all containers (including stopped ones):
Terminal
docker ps -a
5. Stop a running container:
Terminal
docker stop container_name_or_id
# Example
docker stop my_container
6. Start a stopped container:
Terminal
docker start container_name_or_id
# Example
docker start my_container
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Docker Container
7. Run container in interactive mode:
Terminal
docker run -it container_name_or_id
# Example
docker run -it my_container
8. Run container in interactive shell mode
Terminal
docker run -it container_name_or_id sh
# Example
docker run -it my_container sh
9. Remove a stopped container:
Terminal
docker rm container_name_or_id
# Example
docker rm my_container
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Docker Container
10. Remove a running container (forcefully):
Terminal
docker rm -f container_name_or_id
# Example
docker rm -f my_container
11. Inspect details of a container:
Terminal
docker inspect container_name_or_id
# Example
docker inspect my_container
View container logs:
Terminal
docker logs container_name_or_id
# Example
docker logs my_container
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Docker Container
13. Pause a running container:
Terminal
docker pause container_name_or_id
# Example
docker pause my_container
14. Unpause a paused container:
Terminal
docker unpause container_name_or_id
# Example
docker unpause my_container
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Docker
Volumes
and Network
Docker Volumes and Network
Volumes:
1. Create a named volume:
Terminal
docker volume create volume_name
# Example
docker volume create my_volume
2. List all volumes:
Terminal
docker volume ls
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Docker Volumes and Network
3. Inspect details of a volume:
Terminal
docker volume inspect volume_name
# Example
docker volume inspect my_volume
4. Remove a volume:
Terminal
docker volume rm volume_name
# Example
docker volume rm my_volume
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Docker Volumes and Network
5. Run a container with a volume (mount):
Terminal
docker run --name container_name -v volume_name:/path/in/
container image_name:tag
# Example
docker run --name my_container -v my_volume:/app/data myapp:v1
6. Copy files between a container and a volume:
Terminal
docker cp local_file_or_directory container_name:/path/in/
container
# Example
docker cp data.txt my_container:/app/data
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Docker Volumes and Network
Network (Port Mapping):
1. Run a container with port mapping:
Terminal
docker run --name container_name -p host_port:container_port
image_name
# Example
docker run --name my_container -p 8080:80 myapp
2. List all networks:
Terminal
docker network ls
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Docker Volumes and Network
3. Inspect details of a network:
Terminal
docker network inspect network_name
# Example
docker network inspect bridge
4. Create a user-defined bridge network:
Terminal
docker network create network_name
# Example
docker network create my_network
5. Connect a container to a network:
Terminal
docker network connect network_name container_name
# Example
docker network connect my_network my_container
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Docker Volumes and Network
6. Disconnect a container from a network:
Terminal
docker network disconnect network_name container_name
# Example
docker network disconnect my_network my_container
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Docker
Compose
Docker Compose
1. Create and start containers defined in a docker-
compose.yml file:
Terminal
docker compose up
This command reads the docker-compose.yml file and
starts the defined services in the background.
2. Stop and remove containers defined in a docker-
compose.yml file:
Terminal
docker compose down
This command stops & removes the containers, networks,
and volumes defined in the docker-compose.yml file.
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Docker Compose
3. Build or rebuild services:
Terminal
docker compose build
This command builds or rebuilds the Docker images for the
services defined in the docker compose.yml file.
4. List containers for a specific Docker Compose
project:
Terminal
docker compose ps
This command lists the containers for the services defined
in the docker-compose.yml file.
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Docker Compose
5. View logs for services:
Terminal
docker compose logs
This command shows the logs for all services defined in the
docker-compose.yml file.
6. Scale services to a specific number of containers:
Terminal
docker compose up -d --scale
service_name=number_of_containers
# Example
docker compose up -d --scale web=3
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Docker Compose
7. Run a one-time command in a service:
Terminal
docker compose run service_name command
# Example
docker compose run web npm install
8. List all volumes:
Terminal
docker volume ls
Docker Compose creates volumes for services. This
command helps you see them.
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Docker Compose
9. Pause a service:
Terminal
docker volume pause service_name
This command pauses the specified service.
10. Unpause a service:
Terminal
docker volume unpause service_name
This command unpauses the specified service.
11. View details of a service:
Terminal
docker compose ps service_name
Provides detailed information about a specific service.
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Latest
Docker
Latest Docker
1. Initialize Docker inside an application
Terminal
docker init
2. Watch the service/container of an application
Terminal
docker compose watch
It watches build context for service and rebuild/refresh
containers when files are updated
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Dockerfile
Reference
Dockerfile Reference
What is a Dockerfile?
A Dockerfile is a script that contains instructions for
building a Docker image. It defines the base image, sets up
environment variables, installs software, and configures
the container for a specific application or service.
Dockerfile Syntax
FROM:
Specifies the base image for the Docker image.
FROM image_name:tag
# Example
FROM ubuntu:20.04
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Dockerfile Reference
WORKDIR:
Sets the working directory for subsequent instructions.
WORKDIR /path/to/directory
# Example
WORKDIR /app
COPY:
Copies files or directories from the build context to the
container.
COPY host_source_path container_destination_path
# Example
COPY . .
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Dockerfile Reference
RUN:
Executes commands in the shell.
RUN command1 && command2
# Example
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl
ENV:
Sets environment variables in the image.
ENV KEY=VALUE
# Example
ENV NODE_VERSION=14
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Dockerfile Reference
EXPOSE:
Informs Docker that the container listens on specified
network ports at runtime.
EXPOSE port
# Example
EXPOSE 8080
CMD:
Provides default commands or parameters for an
executing container.
CMD ["executable","param1","param2"]
# Example
CMD ["npm", "start"]
Or,
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Dockerfile Reference
CMD executable param1 param2
# Example
CMD npm run dev
ENTRYPOINT:
Configures a container that will run as an executable.
ENTRYPOINT ["executable","param1","param2"]
# Example
ENTRYPOINT ["node", "app.js"]
Or,
ENTRYPOINT executable param1 param2
# Example
ENTRYPOINT node app.js
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Dockerfile Reference
ARG:
Defines variables that users can pass at build-time to the
builder with the docker build command.
ARG VARIABLE_NAME=default_value
# Example
ARG VERSION=latest
VOLUME:
Creates a mount point for external volumes or other
containers.
VOLUME /path/to/volume
# Example
VOLUME /data
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Dockerfile Reference
LABEL:
Adds metadata to an image in the form of key-value pairs.
LABEL key="value"
# Example
LABEL version="1.0" maintainer="Adrian"
USER:
Specifies the username or UID to use when running the
image.
USER user_name
# Example
USER app
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Dockerfile Reference
ADD:
Copies files or directories and can extract tarballs in the
process.
ADD source_path destination_path
# Example
ADD ./app.tar.gz /app
Similar to COPY, but with additional capabilities (e.g.,
extracting archives).
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Dockerfile Example
# Use an official Node.js runtime as a base image
FROM node:20-alpine
# Set the working directory to /app
WORKDIR /app
# Copy package.json and package-lock.json to the
working directory
COPY package*.json ./
# Install dependencies
RUN npm install
# Copy the current directory contents to the container
at /app
COPY . .
# Expose port 8080 to the outside world
EXPOSE 8080
# Define environment variable
ENV NODE_ENV=production
# Run app.js when the container launches
CMD node app.js
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Docker
Compose
File Reference
Docker Compose File Reference
What is a Docker Compose File?
A Docker Compose file is a YAML file that defines a multi-
container Docker application. It specifies the services,
networks, and volumes for the application, along with any
additional configuration options.
Docker Compose File Syntax
version:
Specifies the version of the Docker Compose file format.
Example:
version: '3.8'
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Docker Compose File Reference
services:
Defines the services/containers that make up the
application.
Example:
services:
web:
image: nginx:latest
networks:
Configures custom networks for the application.
Example:
networks:
my_network:
driver: bridge
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Docker Compose File Reference
volumes:
Defines named volumes that the services can use.
Example:
volumes:
my_volume:
environment:
Sets environment variables for a service.
Example:
environment:
- NODE_ENV=production
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Docker Compose File Reference
ports:
Maps host ports to container ports.
Example:
ports:
- "8080:80"
depends_on:
Specifies dependencies between services, ensuring one
service starts before another.
Example:
depends_on:
- db
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Docker Compose File Reference
build:
Configures the build context and Dockerfile for a service.
Example:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
volumes_from:
Mounts volumes from another service or container.
Example:
volumes_from:
- service_name
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Docker Compose File Reference
command:
Overrides the default command specified in the Docker
image.
Example:
command: ["npm", "start"]
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Docker Compose File Example
Here's a simple Docker Compose file example for a web
and database service:
version: '3.8'
# Define services for the MERN stack
services:
# MongoDB service
mongo:
image: mongo:latest
ports:
- "27017:27017"
volumes:
- mongo_data:/data/db
environment:
MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: admin
MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: admin
# Node.js (Express) API service
api:
build:
# Specify the build context for the API service
context: ./api
# Specify the Dockerfile for building the API service
dockerfile: Dockerfile
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Docker Compose File Example
ports:
- "5000:5000"
# Ensure the MongoDB service is running before starting
the API
depends_on:
- mongo
environment:
MONGO_URI: mongodb://admin:admin@mongo:27017/
mydatabase
networks:
- mern_network
# React client service
client:
build:
# Specify the build context for the client service
context: ./client
# Specify the Dockerfile for building the client service
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- "3000:3000"
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Docker Compose File Example
# Ensure the API service is running before starting the
client
depends_on:
- api
networks:
- mern_network
# Define named volumes for persistent data
volumes:
mongo_data:
# Define a custom network for communication between
services
networks:
mern_network:
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