MANOMETERS
Presented by:
1. V vinod
Submitted to:
2. P sampath
Mr.T.ramachandru Sir
3. M adarsh
4. B maruthi
5. S amru
6. N raju
Manometer:
The manometers are pressure
measuring devices based on the
principle of balancing of liquid
column by the same or other column
of liquid.
Classification of manometers:
They are two types:
1.Simple manometers 2.Differential manometers
Piezometer U-tube differential
U-tube manometer manometer
Single column manometer Inverted U-tube
differential manometer
1. Vertical column manometer
2. Inclined single column
manometer
Piezometer
A piezometer is the simplest form of the
manometer. It measures gauge pressure
only.The pressure at any point in the liquid is
indicated by the height of the liquid in the tube
above that point, which can read on Pipe the
calibrated scale on glass tube.
Piezometer tube the pressure at point A is given
by: p= wh
h-piezometric head
W-specific weight
U- tube manometer
The U-tube manometer consists of a glass tube bent into U'
shape, whose one end is connected to gauge point and other
end, remains open to atmosphere. It is used to measure
gauge pressure and vaccum pressure.
Case 1:when U- tube manometer is used for
Measuring gauge pressure or positive pressure .
Case 2:when u- tube manometer is used to measure
the negative pressure or vaccum pressure.
Single column manometer
The U tube manometer describe above usually requires reading of
fluid levels at two or more points since a change in pressure cause a
rise of liquid one limb of manometer and drop in other. This
difficulty may be overcome by using single column manometers. In
single column manometer a reservoir of large cross sectional area is
fitted in one leg of manometer
1. Vertical single column manometer
They are two types :
The pressure head at A:
2.Inclined single column manometer
Sometimes, the right limb of single
column manometer is made inclined
to measure the pressure with high
precision. In such cases, the above
equation may be written as
U tube differential manometer
A U-Tube differential manometer is an U-shape glass tube
whose ends are connected to the two gauge points between
which pressure difference is to be measured. Lower part of
manometer contains manometric liquid which is heavier
than liquid for which pressure difference is to be measured.
In order to determine pressure difference between two
gauge points,gauge equation should be developed same as
that of inverted differential manometer.
In this type of u tube differential manometer, both
ends of the connected pipes are not in the same
level and by using the hydrostatic law and the
balancing the column method we may find the
pressure difference between the two
points (P & Q) of the pipe.
Pp – Pq = w(ρh- h1ρ1 + h2ρ2)
Inverted U-tube differential manometer
: It consist of U-shape glass tube which is held inverted whose
two ends are connected to two gauge points. It is suitable for
measurement of small pressure difference in liquids. In this type
of manometer lighter manometric liquid is used.
Thank you
