VISSIM Comprehensive
Modelling Basic using Microscopic Traffic Flow Simulation
1. Introduction to VISSIM
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TRANSPORTATION MODELLING – ANSWERING QUESTIONS!
´ of new road infrastructure ´ of Public Transport changes
´ of new New ´ of demographical
developments Commercial changes
zone
´ of mobilty pricing ´ Of changing
Super 1 ,9 9
fuel costs
Maut
Diesel 1 ,9 5
Peage
´ of regulative actions ´ of new signal programs
Program 1 Program 2
tC = 60s tC = 90s
tg1= 20s tg1= 30s
tg2= 28s tg2= 48s
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Transportation Modeling Approaches
Modeling of individual vehicles and their interactions
(PTV Vissim)
Modeling of individual vehicles Modeling of individual vehicles
which move through the but based on simplified
network based on macroscopic assumptions regarding their
properties behaviors
Vehicles move through the Cell based approaches
network as packages of vehicles
Modeling of traffic using the relationship between
aggregated quantities like flow, speed, density
(PTV Visum)
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Transportation Modeling Tools
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MODELLING HIERARCHY
Strategic Transport Model
Strategic Transport Model ´ Large areas (Metro, regions, national)
(VISUM)
´ Multi modal demand modeling
§ demographic census data
§ observed trip making behavior from surveys
´ Spatially aggregate and representative level of
Cordon Area Model (VISUM)
detail in the road network (especially junction
capacity)
´ Applications:
§ Multi modal forecasts (demographic dev.)
§ Scenario development and assessment
§ Policy assessment
Microsimulation Model (VISSIM) § Major transport schemes
§ Data hub
Local Area Model (VISTRO, etc.)
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MODELLING HIERARCHY
Operational Transport Model (Tactical Model)
Strategic Transport Model ´ Highway assignment only
(VISUM)
´ Demand derived from:
§ strategic model
§ enriched with observed flow data
§ adjusted using matrix estimation
´ Junction capacity and blocking back are modeled
Cordon Area Model (VISUM) and coded accurately (junction geometry, signal
control)
´ Mode choice behavior is not modeled, effects have
to be derived from higher level strategic model
´ Applications:
Microsimulation Model (VISSIM)
§ Impact of a short-term changes
§ Impact of area wide road-based trip diversion
and route choice
§ Appraisal of signal schemes
§ Optimizing signal control
Local Area Model (VISTRO, etc.)
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MODELLING HIERARCHY
Microsimulation Models
Strategic Transport Model
(VISUM) ´ Simulate the movement of individual vehicles
´ Accurate representation of driver behavior
´ Very accurate modeling of road infrastructure
necessary
Cordon Area Model (VISUM) ´ Stochastic components (-> requires multiple runs)
´ Routes often pre-defined (input)
§ Derived from strategic or operational model
§ Enriched with observed flows
§ Turn prob. from counts
Microsimulation Model (VISSIM)
´ Applications:
§ Visualization of traffic flows in complex networks
§ Assessment of junction variants
§ Assessment of signal variants (fixed, adaptive)
Local Area Model (VISTRO, etc.)
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MODELLING HIERARCHY
Local Area / Junction Design Models
Strategic Transport Model
(VISUM) ´ Localized network, ranging in size from an
individual junction to multiple junctions
´ Focuses on the capacity of individual links and
junctions
´ Sensitive to small changes in junction layout
Cordon Area Model (VISUM) and/or signal control
´ Do not capture impact of driver re-routing
´ Effects of large road schemes must be modeled by
higher-order assignment or strategic models
Microsimulation Model (VISSIM)
´ Applications:
§ Assessment of junction variants
§ Assessment of signal variants (fixed, adaptive)
§ Optimization of signal control
Local Area Model (VISTRO, etc.)
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SOME BASICS
PTV VISION SUITE
REAL-TIME TRAFFIC
STRATEGIC PLANNING OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS
MANAGEMENT
PTV Vissim
´ Planning tool for detailed, operational level analysis
´ Multi-modal microscopic simulation
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v OVERVIEW OF SIMULATION MODELING WITH VISSIM
(Verkehr In Städten SImulations Modell -- Traffic in towns simulation model)
Some previous applications of VISSIM includes:
´ Feasibility and traffic impact studies
´ Easy comparison of design alternative (stop sign and signalised controlled intersection,
roundabouts, grade separated interchanges, etc)
´ Capacity and operations analyses of complex station (rail and bus systems)
´ Evaluation and optimisation of traffic operations (coordinated and actuated traffic signals)
´ Evaluation and fine tuning of signal control logic using VAP and built in signal control packages
such as SCATS, SCOOT
´ Pedestrian flows in streets and buildings – allow for a wide range of new applications
The VISSIM package internally consists of two parts
v Traffic simulator
´ Microscopic traffic flow simulation model; including car following and lane change logic
v Signal state generator
´ Signal control software
´ Taking detector information from traffic simulator (time step basis – down to 1/10 of a sec)
´ Determines the signal state for the next time step and returns this to the traffic simulator
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KAJI SOFTWARE VISSIM SOFTWARE
1997 and NEVER updated First 1992 and ALWAYS updated
developed
Pendekatan empiris di kota-kota besar di Indonesia Analysis Pendekatan empiris di wilayah kajian saat ini
saat itu kemudian diformulasikan dengan varian method kemudian disimulasikan sesuai dengan model
penyesuaian yang mempengaruhi perilaku lalu dasar lalu lintas dari pergerakan kendaraan
lintas
Terbatas pada aplikasi sebuah segmen tertutup; Scope of Ruang lingkup aplikasi berkisar dari berbagai isu
tidak dapat mengukur kinerja jaringan keseluruhan application untuk tujuan ilustrasi dan komunikasi untuk publik
Data volume menggunakan Satuan Mobil Base volume Data volume menggunakan Satuan Kendaraan
Penumpang (SMP) sehingga lalu lintas yang input dengan simulasi multi-modal mampu
digunakan selalu mengasumsikan besaran mobil memperhitungkan lebih dari satu jenis lalu lintas
penumpang
Kapasitas dasar dihitung berdasarkan jumlah lajur Capacity Kapasitas jalan dipengaruhi oleh jumlah lajur jalan,
mobil karena satuan yang dipakai adalah SMP factor kecepatan, kerapatan dan perilaku mengemudi
DOS/Windows 97/XP/Vista OS Computer Windows 7/8/10
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OVERVIEW OF SIMULATION MODELING WITH VISSIM
What is the maximum network size that VISSIM can handle?
v There is no built-in limit to the network size that VISSIM can handle
v Maximum network size is only limited by computer resources
v Apart of hardware, the simulation speed mainly depends on the number vehicles
simultaneously simulated in the network, number of signal controls, and number
of possible paths (when dynamic assignment is used)
What are typical times to create a VISSIM network?
v The geometric coding can be finished within few hours for the simple 4-leg junctions
v Coding an existing signal control depends heavily on the on the control logic
What is general process for developing a VISSIM model?
There is 5 steps to developing a VISSIM model, i.e.:
a) Identification of model scope (geographic and temporal)
b) Data collection and preparation
c) Base model development (network coding)
d) Error Checking
e) Model calibration and validation
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DATA REQUIREMENTS
GEOMETRIC DATA
q Roadway segments è length, width, gradient and number of lanes
q Intersection è length, width, gradient and number of lanes include lane designations and the
storage length of designated turn pocket.
q Field observations are required to determine unusual network geometry and driving behavior
TRAFFIC DATA
q Speed changes, intersection control device (e.g. stop, yield and signal head), locations and signal-
timing plans
q The location where vehicles modify their desired speeds are also required. Speed changes in
VISSIM can be temporary or permanent.
q Speed in VISSIM is defined as a distribution rather than a fixed value; it’s an important parameter
that has a significant influence on roadway capacity and achievable travel speeds.
q Link entry volumes can be defined for different time period in terms of vehicles per hours if time
period is different from one hour.
VEHICLE CHARACTERISTICS
q Vehicle compositions and dimensions include maximum acceleration and maximum deceleration
q Default setting è passenger car, single-unit truck, trailer truck, single-unit bus and articulated bus
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SIGNAL CONTROLLER TYPES IN VISSIM
Signal Control
SG Based
Controller fix.
Type
Vissig act.
„Stage Based“ VAP/VisVAP
ext.
Other External
Virtual Controller: External Controller:
Controller:
SCOOT, SCATS, … RBC, McCain, D4 …
Signal API, COM
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VAP/VISVAP: ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROL
´ Flowchart based programming
´ SG based or stage based
´ Any kind of signal control logic
• Vehicle Actuation
• PT Preemption
• …
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Results and Interfacing
Simulation
Video
Aggregated
Results Raw Data
(Protocols)
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Simulation Result:
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RESULTS
Aggregated Results Raw Data (Protocols)
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RESULTS IN LISTS Can also be exported to
text files and data bases
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PTV VISSIM
TRAINING COURSES
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MODELLING WORKFLOW
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WORKFLOW OF MICRO-SIMULATION MODELLING IN VISSIM
Network Vehicular Evaluation
Speeds and Public Model
Model Traffic and
Controls Transportation Calibration
Presentation
Development Input
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2
3
NETWORK DEVELOPMENT
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VEHICULAR TRAFFIC INPUT
• 3D Vehicle models
Vehicles • Vehicle Types
• Vehicle Classes
• Traffic Composition
Traffic Input • Desired Speed of vehicle types
• Vehicle Input
Traffic • Static Routing
Distribution • Dynamic Assignment
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SPEEDS AND CONTROLS
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PUBLIC TRANSPORT
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MODEL CALIBRATION
Emergency stop distance Driving behaviour
Model
Calibration
Gap acceptance Traffic input profile
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EVALUATIONS
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Next Session :
2. Graphical User Interface
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