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DEPARTMENT OF AVIONICS ENGINEERING
SUBJECT : Electronics Devices
and Circuits Lab
SUBJECT CODE : 208159
LAB NO : 04
TITLE : Diode Applications
as Full Wave
Rectifier
SUBMITTED TO : Ms. Anila Ali Ahmed
SEMESTER : 4th
SECTION : B
Marks Obtained
Group Member 1 Group Member 2 Group Member 3
NAME IFRAH GOHAR DUA NASEEM MAHNOOR
KHAN
REGISTRATION # 220701058 220701014 220701002
LAB REPORT 04 04 04
PERFORMANCE
TOTAL MARKS
DEADLINE: 1300 Hrs, 18th March 2023
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 16 March 2024
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Experiment # 04 Page 1 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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General Safety rules:
Execution of lab experiments is more important than performing accurate experiments and
constructing neat circuits. The first step towards safety is to know the lab itself which
means you must know where the fire extinguishers, electric main safety breaker are and
where the emergency exits. You should also be aware of all the equipment present in the
lab. Following are some rules which you must follow to avoid any unfortunate event.
• Do not wear rings, watches, bracelets, necklaces, and other metal objects in the lab.
• Make sure your hands are dry
• Make sure your shoes are dry
• Always power down the electrical equipment, disconnect the power cords and wait
for a few seconds before touching the exposed wires
• Make sure all the experimental setup is disconnected from the power supply before
turning it on
• Even if your circuit is of 5 volts, do not consider it less dangerous
• Do not forget to turn off all the equipment after the experiment
• Always get instructions on how to use the new equipment
• Be careful with the soldering iron station, it can cause serious burns and fire
• While using the soldering iron, place it in the special iron stand, not on the table
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Experiment # 04 Page 2 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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Title: Diode Applications as Full Wave Rectification
Objectives:
After completing this exercise, the students will be able to,
1. Observe the working of a diode as full wave rectifier.
2. Construct and analyze the output of rectifier circuit with and without filter
capacitor.
Equipment Required:
1. Digital Multimeter
2. Oscilloscope
3. Bread Board
4. Diode (1N4007)
5. Resistors 1k
6. Trainer set with 9V ac source
Theory/Background:
More useful and effective way of converting AC to DC is using both positive and
negative range of AC input signal. There are 2 kinds of circuit to use to do this.
Note that double the increase of frequency appears in output substantially. It is because
cycle of output wave type T is the half of AC input signal. Remember that frequency is
the reciprocal of cycle. ( f =1/ T ).
Center tap circuit has been the most general full-wave rectifying circuit but, bridge circuit
becomes most general owing to the appearance of silicon diode having low price, high
reliability and small size.
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Experiment # 04 Page 3 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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The reason is in the fact that it enables to cut down the size of transformer needed in getting
the degree of output.
If the input frequency is 50 hertz, the positive alternation will be present 50 times. After
the full-wave rectification, there will be 100 positive pulses at the output. If the DC output
signal is measured with a multi-meter, the indication will be the Average value of the
peak signal. To determine the average value of a full-wave rectified signal, multiply the
peak value by 0.636.
Procedure:
1. Construct the circuit according to the circuit diagram given below
Figure 2-5
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Experiment # 04 Page 4 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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2. Provide AC voltages to the circuit from the variable transformer
3. Measure the input and output voltage with the help of CRO
4. Sketch the input waveform and output waveform
INPUT WAVEFORM OUTPUT WAVEFORM
Full Wave Bridge Rectifier With filter Capacitor:
Figure 2-6
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Experiment # 04 Page 5 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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CALCULATIONS:
RL=2.14kΩ
Diode=1N4007MIC
For Diode Applications as Full Wave Rectification(Without Capacitor):
Circuit :
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Experiment # 04 Page 6 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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Waveform Of Input Signal:
f=50Hz
T=1/f
T=20ms
Vp-p=12V
Vmax=6.2(from CRO)
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Experiment # 04 Page 7 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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Waveform Of Output Signal:
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Experiment # 04 Page 8 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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f=100Hz(double of input waveform)
T=1/f
T=10ms
Vmax=4.88V(by CRO)
CALCULATIONS:
BY DMM(Across RL):
VDC=2.717V
VAC=1.664V
r= VAC / VDC
=1.664/2.717
r =0.612
OBSERVATIONS:-
WITHOUT FILTER
USING DMM Vac(v) Vdc(v) r= Vac/ Vdc
1.664 2.717 0.612
BY CRO(Across RL):
Vmax=4.88V
Vdc=0.636Vm
=0.636x4.88
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Experiment # 04 Page 9 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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Vdc=3.104V
Vrms=0.707 Vm
=0.707x4.88
Vrms=3.450V
𝑽𝒂𝒄 = √( 𝑽𝒓𝒎𝒔𝟐 − 𝑽𝒅𝒄 𝟐)
Vac=1.506V
r= VAC / VDC
=1.506/3.104
r=0.485
Vm(v) Vac(v) Vdc(v) r= Vac/ Vdc
USING CRO 4.88 1.506 3.104 0.485
For Diode Applications As Full Wave Rectification(With Capacitor):
CALCULATIONS:
RL=2.14kΩ
Diode=1N4007MIC
C=10µF
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Experiment # 04 Page 10 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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Circuit :
Waveform Of Input Signal:
f=50Hz
T=1/f
T=20ms
Vp-p=12V
Vmax=4.64V(from CRO)
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Experiment # 04 Page 11 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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Waveform Of Output Signal:
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Experiment # 04 Page 12 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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f=100Hz(double of input waveform)
T=1/f
T=10ms
CALCULATIONS:
BY DMM:
VDC=3.99V
VAC=0.3732V
r= VAC / VDC
=0.3732/3.99
r =0.0935
OBSERVATIONS:
WITH FILTER
USING DMM Vac(v) Vdc(v) r= Vac/ Vdc
0.3732 3.99 0.0935
BY CRO(Across RL):
V1/Vm=4.64V(CRO)
V2/V(low)=3.36V(CRO)
Vdc= V1 + V2 /2
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Experiment # 04 Page 13 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
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= 4.46+3.36/2
Vdc=4V
Vac= V1 - V2 /2√3
Vac=0.3695V
r= VAC / VDC
=0.3695/4
r =0.0923
V1(V) V2(V) Vdc= Vac= r=
USING CRO (V1+V2)/2 (V) (V1- V2)/2√3(V) Vac/ Vdc
4.64 3.36 4 0.3695 0.0923
CONCLUSION:
By this experiment,we have verified Diode Applications as Full Wave Rectification
theoretically as well as experimentally with and without capacitor and compared the
results through DMM and CRO.
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Experiment # 04 Page 14 of 14
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
