Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of Pasig City
NAGPAYONG HIGH SCHOOL
Centennial II B, Nagpayong, Pinagbuhatan, Pasig City
INCREASING THE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION
ACHIVEMENT THROUGH QUESTIONING
TECHNIQUE
A Research Paper Proposal Presented to
Geme T. Montero
(TEACHER)
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
the Fourth Grading Period of English Subject
in Nagpayong Junior High School
S.Y. 2023-2024
Submitted by:
RICAFLANCA, RAYMARK M.
TAULE, MICHAEL JAMES
____________________________________
(Date of submission)
RESEARCH PAPER DRAFT
CHAPTER 1
The Problem and its Background
Introduction
English use it as the international language to communicate in many fields ranging from
business to entertainment. Learning how to communicate is not only through listening and
speaking, but also through reading and writing. One of the skills that can not be neglected is
reading skill. Students who are reading with purpose tend to comprehend what they read
better. To set the purpose the teacher gives them questions which enable the students to
comprehend the text. On the other hand, that the use proper technique is believed to bring the
satisfying learning outcomes for learners.
Junior High School students in comprehending a text still far from the objectives stated in
the curriculum, that many junior high school students have difficulties in comprehending the
English text. . In reading class, the teacher doesvnot stimulate the students to give a positive
response and apply specific teaching.
In this case, the students need some directions about the type of the details signaled by
specific questions. By knowing these question words, the students will easily determine or make
question relate to the details or information required.it means that students who are able to
construst their own question by using WH-questions will be able to comprehend the text easily.
WH-Questions used to identify the information from each part of the generic structure
of the narrative text. For example “ what/who, when and where ” they can use it to ask the
information in the orientation. As orientation is included in the title, introduce story by making
readers know who the characters of the story and what the name of the characters are and also
setting time and place of the story. Who/what can be used to identify who the characters of the
narrative story, when can identify when the story has been taken and where can identify where
the story took place . Hence, the students know
The main objective is to activate and reinforce the writing, grammar, vocabulary and
punctuation skills of the students. And increasing the reading comprehension of a Junior High
School Student.
Background of the Study
Reading comprehension also can improve vocabulary and writing skill. Students are required to read lots
and understand the reading material in order to achieve better result in learning process. According to
Grabe & Stoller (2013), reading can be taught as a way to draw information from text and to
form an interpretation of that information. It means reading is also a gateway for students to
get information and knowledge in educational process. A student who loves reading and spends
a lot of time in reading activity also has ability to write well. By reading, students can improve
their vocabulary and writing skill. On the contrary, a student who has low reading ability will
find difficulty in learning process. Reading well means to understand what researcher tries to
present in his/her writing. This means that a reader needs background knowledge and
competence while reading. Razali & Razali (2013), stated that some readers use their
background of knowledge and experience to compose meaning from the text in reading
process, then the readers will connect the ideas in the text to what they already know in order
to get the comprehension of the text.
At Junior High School, teaching reading intends to develop students’ skill in reading
comprehension. All schools implement a curriculum which is relevant to the needs of their
specific pupils. Curriculum is more positive in nature, which could achieve the objective of
motivating learning, enhancing knowledge and abilities and developing positive values or even
attitudes.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine Increasing Reading Comprehension Achievement through
Questioning Technique
1. The students’ reading is still low.
2. The students’ have problem in comprehending skill in their reading.
3. The students’ have difficult in aspects comprehending reading.
Theoretical Framework
Reading as the foundation for acquiring knowledge is a fundamental concept. It's not just
about pleasure; it's essential for education and personal development. Understanding a text
goes beyond simply decoding the words; it involves grasping the author's perspective and
extracting ideas. As Ur suggests, reading encompasses both reading and understanding. Her
assumptions about the nature of reading highlight the importance of decoding letters to form
words and comprehending those words to derive meaning from a text. The more proficient
readers become at understanding symbols like letters and words, the better equipped they are
to comprehend and interpret complex texts, thus enhancing their overall knowledge
acquisition.
Kalayo's perspective underscores the interactive nature of reading, emphasizing that
comprehension arises from the dynamic interaction between the reader and the text. The text
serves as a vehicle for encoding meaning through letters, words, sentences, and paragraphs.
However, it's the reader's engagement with the text, employing their knowledge, skills, and
strategies, that ultimately leads to comprehension. Indeed, reading can be seen as a form of
communication between the reader and the written material. Readers must actively utilize their
skills to decipher and understand the content presented in the text. This process involves
various cognitive processes such as decoding, inference, analysis, and synthesis. By actively
engaging with the text, readers can extract meaning, interpret information, and derive insights,
thereby enriching their understanding and knowledge.
Conceptual Framework
Hypothesis
The study aimed to investigate whether there exists a statistically significant difference in
the level of comprehension in reading among Junior High School students at Nagpayong High
School when comparing pre-test and post-test scores. The null hypothesis proposed that there
is no significant difference between these two sets of scores.
To analyze this hypothesis, the researcher likely conducted a statistical test, depending on
the distribution of the data and the assumptions being met. These tests would assess whether
the mean scores of the pre-test and post-test samples are significantly different from each
other.
Scope and Limitations
This study utilized an experimental design. Its aim is to determine the reading
comprehension level of junior high school students at Nagpayong High School. The respondents
are Nagpayong High School junior high school students, in which reading comprehension will be
determined. The main reason behind the research is to help junior high school students
enhance their reading comprehension. The researchers used some activities and questions,
practices, and situations to determine how much the respondents understood. The
questionnaire has one sections. The Pre-Test asks open-ended questions which assigns to the
respondents regarding the events performed familiarity.
Significance of the Study
The result of this expected to be useful for:
The Students
to inspire and arouse students interest in the process of learning especially when it comes to
teaching reading and being beneficial for students' ability to produce more gratifying and
significant education.
The Teacher
This approach facilitates the teacher's instruction of reading, and it is anticipated that provide
an effective addition to reading instruction and a different approach for the instructor
strengthen students' reading skills.
The School
This research useful to improve the quality of education and develop
English language teaching of the school
The Researcher
The researcher will improve his knowledge in teaching reading method
and have experience in observation and apply with classroom action research at
school.
Definition of Terms
Reading
Defined as a cognitive process that involves decoding symbols to arrive at meaning. Reading is
an active process of constructing meanings of words. Reading with a purpose helps the reader
to direct information towards a goal and focuses their attention.
Reading Comprehension
Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it and understand its meaning. It
relies on two, interconnected abilities: word reading (being able to decode the symbols on the
page) and language comprehension (being able to understand the meaning of the words and
sentences).
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
Review of Related Literature
The findings of the examination of a few theories that are applicable to the issue. These evaluations are
anticipated to have significant historical context for the research and the explanation of the results.
Reading is a complex conscious and unconscious mental process in which
the reader uses a variety of strategies to reconstruct the meaning that the author is
assumed to have intended, based on data from the text and from the reader‟s prior
knowledge (Mikulecky, 2011 : 5)
According to the Ontario Ministry of Education (2008: 3), is the active comprehension of written and
visual materials. Reading requires thought. procedure. Skilled readers are aware that what they read
should be understood as in order to make sense. They keep an eye on their comprehension, and when
they start to lose it.Frequently, students choose and apply a reading comprehension strategy without
realizing it. Reviewing or presenting questions as a tactic to assist them in reestablishing the text's
intended meaning.
Harmer (2007:99) states that reading is useful for language acquisition. Provided that students more or
less understand what they read, the more they read. Reading also has a positive effect on student‟s
vocabulary knowledge, on their spelling or on their writing. Word recognition refers to the process of
perceiving how written symbols correspond to one‟s spoken language. Meanwhile, comprehension is
the process of making sense words, sentences and connected texts.
Nunan (2003:68) reading is a fluent process of readers combining information from a text and their own
background knowledge to build meaning. The goal of reading is comprehension. One could assume that
reading is a means of understanding the writers' argument point of view expressed in written form. The
understanding and mechanical abilities are necessary for analyzing the data
Comprehension is the purpose of reading. Readers read texts to getopinions or ideas. They try to
understand what the text tells about. After getting opinions or ideas, they can answer questions or make
prediction. Trabasso (2007:29) says that the core of comprehension is an ability to mentally interconnect
different events in the text and form a coherent representation of what the text tells about In conclusion,
understanding a text refers to grasping the text's overall context as opposed to only understanding
phrases, words, paragraphs, even the entire text. Overall, perusing In its most basic form,
comprehension is the capacity to comprehend information. in a text and give it the proper
interpretation. Reading comprehension is the ability to readwith comprehension. To comprehend a
written document, one must extract the 19 data from it as effectively as possible.
Analysis
I found many main ideas about INCREASING THE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION
ACHIVEMENT THROUGH QUESTIONING
TECHNIQUE
List main idea/s
Increasing Students in reading comprehension
Reading
This study was aimed to find out whether there was a statistically significant improvement of
students reading comprehension achievement after the students were taught through WH-
Question technique. This research was a quantitative research.
CHAPTER 3
Research Methods
Research Design
This is a quasi experimental research. The researcher will teach experimental class by using One
stay rest stray strategy and control class will be taught by using another strategy. There are two
varaiables in this research, using One Stay Rest Stray is an indeoendent variable, whle reading
comprehension in dependent variable. According to Hatch and Farhady(1982) in quasi experiemental
research, the researcher has to conduct pre test and post test in both classes and treatment in the
experimental class.
Class Pre-Test Treatment Post-Test
Experiment X1 T X2
Control Y1 - Y2
The instruments used for collecting data in this research were
reading test.
Where:
X1: The student's reading comprehension treatment of Experimental class
Y1: The student's reading comprehension before treatment of control class
T: Teaching reading comprehension by using One Stay Rest Stray strategy
X2: The student's reading comprehension after treatment of experiment class
Y2: The student's reading comprehension after treatment of control class
Locale of the Study
tryhThe location of carrying out this research activity is at the Junior High School students of Nagpayong
High School.
Population of the Study
The population of this research is the Junior high School Students of Nagpayong high School. Thy
consist 142 students at Nagpayong High School.
No Class Population
1 Grade 7 30
2 Grade 8 28
3 Grade 9 30
4 Grade 10 32
5 Grade 11 12
6 Grade 12 10
Instrument
This research is a quantitative research. Hatch and Farhadi (1982) state that quantitative is a kind
of research in which the data used tend to use statistics as measurement in deciding the conclusion. The
design of this research is to find out the solution of the problem that occurs in the class in teaching
learning process. The instruments used for collecting data in this research were reading test.
Data Gathering Procedure
The sample of this research is taken through random sampling technique. Each member
of population has an equal chance of being selected subject. the entire process of sampling is done is a
single step where subject independently of other mener of the population.
Statistical Treatment of Data
Data analysis will involve organizational and explanation of data. In order to interpret the data
effectively, the researcher will employ the Analyzing the data in order to answer each Statement of the
Problem:
The results show that WH-Questions technique can be used to improve the
student's reading comprehension. It mean the technique improved the students reading
comprehension.
After being taught students achievement is determining main idea was increased, In the other
word the reaserch answered the question of finding detailed information correctly, in which the
increaase percentage was 10%.
References
host:repository.up.ac.za
Hatch, E and Farhady. 1982. Research Design and Statistics for applies Linguistics
Rowley, Massachussets: Newbury House Publishers Inc.
Nuttal,C 1987. Teaching Reading Skills in foreign Language. London:Heinemann Educational
Books Ltd.
