MALAWI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MALAWI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS [ADCS-320] DATE: 24 February 2022 TIME: 13:30 - 16:30 [3 Hours] EXAMINER: R. Hiwa MODERATOR: Mr W. Gondwe INSTRUCTIONS Make sure that there are a total of 3 pages with 8 Questions. . Write your registration number clearly on top of each page. . Answer all questions. . Marks for each question are indicated on the right margin. . Write clear and concise answers. . If you're writing two answers on the same page, make sure to leave enough space (2 lines) between the two answers. 7. Do NOT use pencil except for drawings and sketches. QAuaAwnevs {© v VAN = B-m., &, Ete Question 1: fre Ve + e or ___A modulating signal of 2 vol amplitude modulate a carrier signal of 5 volts amplitude and frequency 1 Mhz. Calculate: 4 p> ve a) the modulation index, RK [2] b) the frequency of each component in the resulting composite signal. [5] ) the total power of the signal that would be dissipated in a 1-ohm resistor, as well as the total power contained in the sidebands. [6] d) Using a scale of 1 cm per 1 volt, sketch the amplitude modulated carrier signal in the time domain. [5] e) Using a scale of 1.5 cm per 1 volt, sketch the spectral components of the composite signal in the frequency domain, clearly marking the carrier and two sidebands. [5] Question 2: a) A double-sideband suppressed carrier (DSB) signal is an amplitude modulated signal whose carrier wave has been eliminated. However, the purpose of the carrier is to translate the baseband signal into a higher frequency range. Explain how this goal is still achieved in the absence of a carrier signal. [4] b) A 107.6 MHz carrier is frequency modulated by a 7-kHz sine wave. The resultant FM signal has a frequency deviation of 50kHz. i. Determine the highest and lowest frequencies attained by the modulated signal. [4] ii. Calculate the modulation index of the FM wave. [2] £l fe-fs Furtn Question 3: Xm a) What signal parameters in a carrier will be varied when using quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)? [2] b) For a phase shift keying (PSK) modulator with three (3) bits per symbol, i, how many different symbols will be produced at its output? 2] amplitude and frequency 10 kHz is used toii. what is the phase difference between each symbol? ~——)-€alculatethe—bit +rate—for—a ‘Quarten: A . enar “shift = system that has a symbol rate of 1500 ae om oe d) Using constellation diagrams, demonstrate why the error ane of a PSK modulator with 4 bits per symbol is poor compared with another with 3 bits per symbol. [2] 15] Question 4: a) Sketch an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform for the digital data stream 10011101, 2] b) Draw on-off (RZ), polar (RZ), bipolar (RZ), on-off (NRZ) and polar (NRZ) waveforms for the digital data stream 10011101. [10] Question 5: An electronic system comprises of two amplifiers and one filter. The input power to the system is 0.1 mW. If the absolute power gains of amplifiers are 100 and 40, and power loss of filter is 4, determine: (a) The input power in dBm joo440 -4 B] (b) The output power in dBm e326 [5] Ua BP bs qoox b= Question 6: 6 Cs Using a simple sine wave as modulating source signal, sketch the following modulated signals: 7 i PAM. 19 ea Cinw) Ps ay A ii, PWM. 4 a i] Ol, — POdBy 40M, deg Question 7: i. a) State two advantages of using optical fibre for signal transmission. [4] b) Describe the following types of optical fibre configurations: i. single mode step index [2] 1 (9 bog Gs) Veii. multimode step index (2] Question 8: Categorize the following as simplex. full duplex or half duplex communications: a) An interactive session between a teacher and students in a classroom nM b) Computer and its keyboard aa} c) DSTV (digital satellite television) aa d) TV remote control ian] e) Walkie-talkie in| f) Cellular phone conversation mM End.