Contents:

 Series - Parallel Circuit

 Delta to Wye Transformation

Topic Objectives:

 To illustrate the series-parallel circuits combinations

 To use Kirchhoff’s Law and Ohm’s Law in solving for
the unknowns
 To introduce the technique of delta to wye transformation
SERIES – PARALLEL CIRCUITS
A series-parallel configuration is one that is formed by a
combination of series-parallel elements.
R1 R3

IT
E R2 R4

To compute for RT: To compute for IT:

1. Always start with the last element Apply Ohm’s Law
R4 is in series with R3
E
2. The combination is in parallel with R2 IT =
RT
3. Finally, the result is in series with R1.
Sample Exercises:
Ex.1 Solve for RT, IT, and the voltage sharing of each resistor
2Ω 5Ω

10V 8Ω 10V 5Ω

(a) (b)
Ex.2 Solve for RT, IT, and the current sharing of each resistor

36V 36V
4Ω 6Ω 6Ω 6Ω
 6.6Ω Solve for
Ex.3 a) RT
b) IT
54V c) I4Ω and I6Ω
4Ω 6Ω
d) Voltage across each
resistor and
e) PT, Power dissipated
by each resistor
Ex.4
IT
I2
8Ω Determine
15Ω a) I2
12V
b) V2Ω
2Ω
 4Ω
Ex.5
IT I2
8Ω Determine
15Ω a) I2
12V + b) V2Ω
2Ω V
-

Ex.6
3Ω
Determine
6Ω
a) RT
2Ω b) I8Ω
24V 8Ω 12Ω
WYE - DELTA TRANSFORMATION

The purpose of this problem is to find the potential

difference between the two terminals of the resistor
12KΩ.

http://singachea.net/blog/?p=17
WYE - DELTA TRANSFORMATION
Situation often arise in circuit analysis when the resistors are
neither in series or parallel. (Ex. A bridge circuit)
R1 R2
1 3 1 3
R1 R2

R3
R3

2 4 2 4
WYE NETWORK TEE NETWORK

1 3 1 3
Ra Ra
Rc Rb Rc Rb

2 4 2 4
DELTA NETWORK PI NETWORK
THE CONVERSION

http://singachea.net/blog/?p=17
 Ra
Ex.1
1 3
25Ω
10Ω 15Ω
Convert the delta-network
Rc Rb to its equivalent wye-network

2 4
DELTA NETWORK

Ex.2
10Ω 20Ω
1 3

Convert the tee-network

R3 40Ω to its equivalent delta-network

2 4
TEE NETWORK
 a
Ex.3 ●
IT
50Ω 30Ω
Determine Rab, IT
20Ω
15Ω
120V

50Ω
14Ω

●
b
Ex.4
13Ω

Determine Rab, IT
IT
24Ω 10Ω
20Ω

100V
30Ω 50Ω
PASSIVE LINEAR CIRCUITS
Circuit Symbols of:

RESISTOR CAPACITOR INDUCTOR

ACTIVE LINEAR CIRCUITS

Independent Voltage Source Independent AC Current Source

http://www.swarthmore.edu/NatSci/echeeve1/Ref/E72WhaKnow/WhaKnow.html
INDEPENDENT SOURCES
A voltage source is any device or
system that produces an
electromotive force between its
terminals. A primary voltage
source can supply (or absorb)
energy to a circuit.

A current source is an electrical

or electronic device that delivers
or absorbs electric current.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_source
DEPENDENT SOURCES

Voltage dependent voltage source

Voltage dependent current source

Current dependent current source

Current dependent voltage source

http://www.swarthmore.edu/NatSci/echeeve1/Ref/E72WhaKnow/WhaKnow.html
Voltage Current Controlled Voltage Controlled Current Battery
Source Source Source Source of cells
Other Electrical symbols

http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/Class/circuits/u9l4a.html
DEPENDENT SOURCES

A B

i
+ +
5V
_ C _ 10 i

Fig. 1.14 The source on the right-hand side is a current

controlled voltage source.