Computer Networks Design and
Implementation
ITE 402
Dr. Mohamed ELHADAD
1
Assessments
Assessment tools
2 assignments (2 x 5%) 10%
Labs (3 x 5%) 15%
Quizzes (2 x 5%) 10%
Project 10%
Midterm Exam 20%
Final Exam 35 %
2
Course outline
Part 1 Chapter 1 Analyzing Business Goals and Constraints
Chapter 2 Analyzing Technical Goals and Constraints
Identifying Your Customer’s Needs
and Goals` Chapter 3 Characterizing the Existing Internetwork
Chapter 4
Characterizing Network Traffic
Part 2 Chapter 5 Designing Models for Addressing and Naming
Chapter 6 Selecting Bridging, Switching, and Routing Protocols
Logical Network Design
Chapter 7 Developing Network Security Strategies
Chapter 8 ` Developing Network Management Strategies
Chapter 9
Part 3 Selecting Technologies and Devices for Campus Networks
Physical Network Design Chapter 10 Selecting Technologies and Devices for Enterprise Networks
Part 4 Chapter 11 Testing, Optimizing, and Documenting Your Network Design
Testing, Optimizing, and Documenting
Your Network Design
3
Top-Down Network Design
Chapter One
Analyzing Business Goals and
Constraints
4
Top-Down Network Design
Network design should be a complete
process that matches business needs to
available technology to deliver a system
that will maximize an organization’s
success
In the LAN area it is more than just buying a few
devices
In the WAN area it is more than just calling the
phone company
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Start at the Top
Don’t just start connecting the dots
Analyze business and technical goals first
Explore divisional and group structures to find
out who the network serves and where they
reside
Determine what applications will run on the
network and how those applications behave
on a network
Focus on the higher Layers of the network
stack
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Layers of the OSI Model
Layer 7 Application
Layer 6 Presentation
Layer 5 Session
Layer 4 Transport
Layer 3 Network
Layer 2 Data Link
Layer 1 Physical
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Structured Design
A focus is placed on understanding data flow, data types, and
processes that access or change the data.
A focus is placed on understanding the location and needs of user
communities that access or change data and processes.
Several techniques and models can be used to characterize the
existing system, new user requirements, and a structure for the
future system.
A logical model is developed before the physical model.
The logical model represents the basic building blocks, divided by
function, and the structure of the system.
The physical model represents devices and specific technologies
and implementations.
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Systems Development Life Cycles
SDLC: Does it mean Synchronous Data Link
Control or Systems Development Life Cycle?
The latter for the purposes of this class!
Typical systems are developed and continue
to exist over a period of time, often called a
systems development life cycle (SDLC)
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Top-Down Network Design Steps
Analyze
requirements
Monitor and Develop
optimize logical
network design
performance
Implement Develop
and test physical
network design
Test, optimize,
and document
design
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Network Design Steps
Phase 1 – Analyze Requirements
Analyze business goals and constraints
Analyze technical goals and tradeoffs
Characterize the existing network
Characterize network traffic
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Network Design Steps
Phase 2 – Logical Network Design
Design a network topology
Design models for addressing and naming
Select switching and routing protocols
Develop network security strategies
Develop network management strategies
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Network Design Steps
Phase 3 – Physical Network Design
Select technologies and devices for campus
networks
Select technologies and devices for enterprise
networks
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Network Design Steps
Phase 4 – Testing, Optimizing, and
Documenting the Network Design
Test the network design
Optimize the network design
Document the network design
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The PDIOO Network Life Cycle
Plan
Design
Retire
Optimize
Implement
Operate
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Business Goals
Increase revenue
Reduce operating costs
Improve communications
Shorten product development cycle
Expand into worldwide markets
Build partnerships with other companies
Offer better customer support or new
customer services
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Recent Business Priorities
Mobility
Security
Resiliency (fault tolerance)
Business continuity after a disaster
Network projects must be prioritized based
on fiscal goals
Networks must offer the low delay required
for real-time applications such as VoIP
17
Business Constraints
Budget
Staffing
Schedule
Politics and policies
18
Collect Information Before the
First Meeting
Before meeting with the client, whether
internal or external, collect some basic
business-related information
Such as
Products produced/Services supplied
Financial viability
Customers, suppliers, competitors
19
Meet With the Customer
Try to get
A concise statement of the goals of the
project
What problem are they trying to solve?
How will new technology help them be
more successful in their business?
What must happen for the project to
succeed?
20
Meet With the Customer
What will happen if the project is a failure?
Is this a critical business function?
Is this project visible to upper management?
Who’s on your side?
21
Meet With the Customer
Discover any biases
For example
Will they only use certain company’s
products?
Do they avoid certain technologies?
Talk to the technical and
management staff
22
Meet With the Customer
Get a copy of the organization chart
Obtaining an organization chart provides a visual
representation of the company's structure, highlighting
key departments, positions, and reporting relationships It
will suggest users to account for
It will suggest geographical locations to account for
23
Meet With the Customer
Get a copy of the security policy
How does the policy affect the new design?
How does the new design affect the policy?
Is the policy so strict that you (the network designer)
won’t be able to do your job?
Start cataloging network assets that security
should protect
Hardware, software, applications, and data
intellectual property, trade secrets, and a company's
reputation
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The Scope of the Design Project
Small in scope?
Allow sales people to access network via a VPN
Large in scope?
An entire redesign of an enterprise network
Use the OSI model to clarify the scope
New financial reporting application versus new
routing protocol versus new data link (wireless, for
example)
Does the scope fit the budget, capabilities of
staff and consultants, schedule?
25
Gather More Detailed Information
Applications
Now and after the project is completed
Include both productivity applications and
system management applications(monitoring
tools and antivirus software)
User communities
Data stores
Protocols
Current logical and physical architecture
Current performance
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Network Applications
Name of Type of New Criticality Comments
Application Application Application?
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Summary
Systematic approach
Focus first on business requirements and
constraints, and applications
Gain an understanding of the customer’s
corporate structure
Gain an understanding of the customer’s
business style
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Review Questions
What are the main phases of network design per
the top-down network design approach?
What are the main phases of network design per
the PDIOO approach?
Why is it important to understand your customer’s
business style?
What are some typical business goals for
organizations today?
What are the layers OSI Model?
What is meant by VPN, give brief definition and the
reason of using it?
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