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Initial Words
UNIT 1 : THE AYEYARWADY DOLPHINS
1. He's a very I _______ child for his age.
2. Many people suffer from mental illness at some p______ in their lives.
3. He is a highly i______ student and so he will be able to realize his lofty ambition.
4. We are on f_____ terms with some staff in this department.
5. Thai boxing has become very p______ in recent years.
6. We need to be more s______ about this problem.
7. You look p______. Are you OK?
8. He can be said to be handsome as he is tall, b______ and muscular.
9. She's trying to lose w______ now.
10. These fish are found in s______ waters around the coast.
11. Many people don't realize that they b______ polluted air every day.
12. Dolphins use sound to c_____ with each other.
13. Nowadays, teenagers like to wear clothes with a d_____ style.
14. I don't like her, and I think the feeling is m_______.
15. Sometimes, it is difficult to understand the l -------- dialect.
16. She was r_____ for her efforts with a cash bonus.
17. An article in the newspaper caught my a_______.
18. As he was very tired, he s______ his face with cold water.
19. Our health is being e______ by exhaust fumes.
20. A bird has become e_____ in the wire netting.
21. He cannot sleep well because the problem still e_____ in his head.
22. The number of tourists to the resort d_____ by 10% last year.
23. When you go out, you should wear clothes that provide adequate p_____ against the wind and rain.
24. A s_____ is an area where wild birds or animals are protected and encouraged to breed.
25. The policy p______ smoking and chewing quids of betal on school grounds.
UNIT 2 ONLINE SHOPPING: PROS AND CONS
1. I want to buy an e______ calculator.
2. Are you the driver of this v______?
3. This market is the c______ heart of the city.
4. I was surfing the i______ looking for information on Indian music.
5. The local clubs are making every e______ to interest more young people.
6. They will p______ the land for $1 million next month.
7. Tickets are a______ free of charge from the school.
8. The salesgirls know that I am a regular c______ of their shop.
9. They are selling everything at a d______.
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10. My uncle wants to buy a big house with an a______ garden.
11. 'Would you really help?' he said with an a______ look.
12. 'Where do you want to go for dinner?' 'I'm not f______.
13. Some people don't like a c______ of men's salaries with those of women.
14. The screen will d______ the username in the top right-hand corner.
15. The warm damp air a______ a lot of mosquitoes.
16. In some parks and zoos, children over five must pay the full p______ for the ticket.
17. His first music teacher was a major i_____ in his life.
18. Giving up smoking r_____ the risk of heart disease.
19. Over 500 c______ will enter the race.
20. Our teacher will give us f______ on the test.
21. You need to d_____ telling her the news, waiting for the right moment.
22. It's t_____ in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.
23. Information must be stored so that it is s_____ from accidental deletion.
24. 'How will you buy the dishwasher?' 'I intend to buy it on c_____'.
25. As a history enthusiast, I'm interested in o______ history.
26. The trip was cancelled through I______ of interest.
27. I'm not very p______ with my parents at the moment.
28. Thingyan is one of the most e______ festivals in Myanmar.
29. Your opinion will not a______ my decision.
30. Some teachers felt h_____ by a lack of resources.
ANSWER KEY
UNIT 1
1. large 2. point 3. intelligent 4. friendly 5. popular
6. scientific 7. pale 8. broad 9. weight 10. shallow
11. breathe 12. communicate 13. distinctive 14.mutual 15. local
16. rewarded 17. attention 18. splashed 19. endangered 20. entangled
21. exists 22. declines 23. protection 24. sanctuary 25. prohibits
UNIT 2
1. electronic 2. vehicle 3. commercial 4. internet 5. effort
6. purchase 7. available 8. customer 9. discount 10. attractive
11. appealing 12. fussy 13. comparison 14. display 15. attracts
16. price 17. influence 18. reduces 19. competitors 20. feedback
21. delay 22. traditional 23. secure 24. credit 25. oral
26. lack 27. popular 28. enjoyable 29. affect 30. hindered
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UNIT 1 THE AYEYARWADY DOLPHINS

I. Read the passage
The dolphin is a kind of sea animal that looks like a large fish with a long pointed snout. Dolphins are both
intelligent and friendly towards humans. There are several types of dolphins. Among them, the Ayeyarwady dolphin
is a popular kind in Southeast Asia. Dolphins of this type are usually found in coastal areas in South and Southeast
Asia and in freshwater rivers in Myanmar, Indonesia, and Laos. This species is called the Ayeyarwady dolphin as it
was first found in the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar. Its scientific name is Orcaella brevirostris and it is one of the
endangered species among the freshwater dolphins in the world.
The Ayeyarwady dolphin is quite different from other well-known dolphins. Its colour may be dark blue or
dark or pale gray. It has a rounded head and a very bulging forehead. Unlike other dolphins, it has no beak, or snout.
The dorsal fin is short, blunt and triangular. The flippers are long and broad. The average length is 2.3 metres and
the weight can range from 90 kg to 200 kg.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. Dolphins are not only ---------- but also friendly towards humans.
2. The ---------- place where the Ayeyarwady dolphin was found is the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar.
3. The difference between the Ayeyarwady dolphin and other well-known dolphins is that the -------- has no
beak or snout.
4. Bony fish, fish eggs and crustaceans are the ----------- that the Ayeyarwady dolphins eat.
5. The Ayeyarwady dolphin can --------- from 90 kg to 200 kg.
(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks)
6. What are usually found in coastal areas in South and Southeast Asia and in freshwater rivers in Myanmar?
7. Where was the Ayeyarwady dolphin first found?
8. What is the scientific name of the Ayeyarwady dolphin and in which species is it included?
9. In what way is the Ayeyarwady dolphin quite different from other well-known dolphins?
10. Apart from octopuses and squids, what do the Ayeyarwady dolphins live on?
II. Read the passage
Ayeyarwady dolphins like to stay in tropical and subtropical waters and near shallow coastal waters. In other
words, they live near coasts and river mouths. They are also found in freshwater rivers: the Ayeyarwady in Myanmar,
the Mahakam in Indonesia and the Mekong in Laos. They are mostly seen about 1.6 kilometres away from the shore
and they do not usually live in deep waters. In Myanmar, they inhabit the Ayeyarwady River between Mandalay and
Bamaw.
Ayeyarwady dolphins are slow swimmers and they are generally found in groups of 3 to 6 members, but
sometimes up to 15 dolphins are seen together. They usually breathe, bringing only the head out of the water. They
produce sounds such as whistles, clicks and screeches to communicate with one another. They can be seen jumping,
making bubbles, and hitting the water with their flippers and tails. They can squirt streams of water that can reach
up to 1.5 metres above the surface of the water.
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One of the most distinctive characteristics of these dolphins is the mutual relationship they have with the
local fishermen. By making a tapping sound against the sides of their boats, the local fishermen used to call the
dolphins to drive fish into their cast nets. In return, they rewarded the dolphins with a share of the fish t hat they
had caught.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. Ayeyarwady dolphins enjoy ---------- near coasts and river mouths.
2. We generally ------------ Ayeyarwady dolphins in groups of 3 to 6 members.
3. We can see ---------- jumping, making bubbles, and hitting the water with their flippers and tails.
4. Ayeyarwady dolphins have a ---------- with the local fishermen.
5. The local fishermen rewarded the dolphins with a share of the fish that they had caught because the
dolphins --------- them to drive fish into their cast nets.
(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks)
6. In what kind of rivers do we find Ayeyarwady dolphins?
7. How do Ayeyarwady dolphins communicate with one another?
8. How many members are there in a school of dolphins?
9. What is one of the most distinctive characteristics of Ayeyarwady dolphins?
10. Thanks to the dolphins, what can local fishermen get more?
III. Read the passage
The fishermen tried to get the attention of the dolphins in various ways - by striking the sides of their boats
with their wooden sticks, by splashing the surface of the water with their oars and by giving their nets several rapid
tugs Ayeyarwady dolphins are now on the verge of extinction. They are listed as a critically endangered species, that
is, it may no longer exist in the future as the dolphin population declines year by year They often get entangled in
the fishing nets and they also die as a result of electrofishing, and the use of gillnets and explosives.
Now, in Myanmar the dolphins are under protection. The region in the Ayeyarwady River between Mingun
and Kyaukmyaung is officially recognized as a sanctuary to protect the decline of the dolphin population. The
Department of Fisheries prohibits the catching or killing of dolphins. The local fishermen are not allowed to use
electrofishing, gillnets and explosives, which lead to a steady decline of the population of Ayeyarwady dolphins.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. To get the attention of the dolphins, the fishermen ---------- the sides of their boats with their wooden
sticks.
2. The species of Ayeyarwady dolphins may no longer exist in the future due to the ---------- of the dolphin
population year by year.
3. Ayeyarwady dolphins are often --------- in the fishing nets unexpectedly.
4. The region in the Ayeyarwady River between Mingun and Kyaukmyaung become an officially recognized ----
--------- for the dolphins.
5. Electrofishing, gillnets and explosives ---------- to a steady decline of the population of Ayeyarwady
dolphins.
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(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks)
6. Why did the fishermen splash the surface of the water with their oars?
7. How are Ayeyarwady dolphins listed and what does it mean?
8. What causes Ayeyarwady dolphins to die?
9. Why is the region in the Ayeyarwady River between Mingun and Kyaukmyaung officially recognized as a
sanctuary?
10. What can happen if the local fishermen use electrofishing, gillnets and explosives?

UNIT 2 ONLINE SHOPPING: Pros and Cons

I. Read the passage
Online shopping provides a quick and easy way for the buying and selling process.For buyers, they can
shop over the internet without leaving their home or office. They can save time and effort as they can purchase
items from their own homes or workplace. Shopping is always available as the mail is usually open 24/7
throughout the year. So, time and place do not act as a hindrance. It is also easy to shop for things online since
they can look for the products they want by entering the keywords, using a search engine. They can also cancel
the transaction if they do not want the product for any reason. In addition, customers can get discounts or can buy
things at lower prices. E-retailers and marketers offer attractive discounts to the customers because through online
shopping, they can reduce the money spent on maintaining their shops or stores.
The fact that makes online shopping more appealing is that customers can get detailed information about a
product easily.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. ----------- do not need to leave their home or office as they can shop over the internet.
2. Buyers can buy the --------- they want from their homes or workplace any time as the mail is usually open
24/7 throughout the year.
3. Buyers just enter the keywords and ---------- a search engine to look for the products they want.
4. Customers are --------- attractive discounts by e-retailers and marketers.
5. Online shopping is more appealing as it gives -------- detailed information about a product.
(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks)
6. How can buyers shop over the internet?
7. Why do buyers always purchase what they want any time?
8. How can buyers look for the products they want?
9. What can buyers do if they do not want the product for any reason?
10. What is the advantage of online shopping for e-retailers and marketers?

II. Read the passage

The fact that makes online shopping more appealing is that customers can get detailed information about a
product easily. It helps fussy buyers to purchase a product after a good search. They can also compare various
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models, brands, and prices. Shoppers can make a good comparison of the things they want to buy because
companies display the whole range of products in order to attract customers with different tastes and needs.
Sometimes price comparisons are also available online. Large online shopping sites usually offer store comparisons.
Through online tracking, online customers can check the order status and the quality of the products. Moreover,
online shopping does not put much pressure on customers because when people go shopping, they may face such
problems as sales attendants trying to influence them to buy the products.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. Fussy buyers can -------- a product after a good search online.
2. Companies provide --------- with the whole range of products.
3. Shoppers can sometimes make --------- online.
4. Shoppers are usually offered -----------by large online shopping sites.
5. People may be --------- by sales attendants to buy the products when they go shopping.

(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks)

6. Why is online shopping more appealing for customers?
7. What can fussy buyers do when they do online shopping?
8. Why can shoppers have a chance of making a good comparison of the things they want?
9. How can online customers check the order status and the quality of the products?
10. What kind of problems may people face when they go shopping?
III. Read the passage
For sellers, on the other hand, it is easy to start their online business as it only needs an email accoun t to
communicate with clients, customers, and suppliers. Offering services online, sellers can allow customers to make
reservations or appointments online, and manage finances such as online banking, tax, and employee pay. They can
display a wide variety of products on websites as online stores do not have space constraints. Online shopping can
save cost and reduce paper waste. In addition, online shop owners can research their competitors and other
businesses that use online tools. They can get customers' feedback on their business, too. It is convenient to buy
and sell products online; however, online shopping has some drawbacks. There are several reasons that make people
reluctant to buy things online. The major reason is that shopping online is not as quick as it is thought to be. The
delivery of the product to the customer's doorstep can sometimes be delayed. This frustrates the customers and
prevents them from shopping online.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. Sellers can start their online business ---------- if they just have an email account.
2. As --------- offer services online, customers can make reservations or appointments online.
3. There is по ---------- at online stores.
4. Online shopping has some drawbacks in spite of buying and selling products online ------------ .
5. Sometimes, there may be a ---------- in the delivery of the product to the customer's doorstep.
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(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks)
6. How can sellers allow customers to make reservations or appointments online and manage finances such
as online banking, tax and employee pay?
7. Why can sellers display a wide variety of products on websites?
8. Apart from researching their competitors and other businesses that use online tools, what else can online
shop owners do?
9. Why isn't shopping online as quick as it is thought to be?
10. By what are the customers prevented from shopping online?

IV. Read the passage.

Another significant reason is that online shopping lacks a touch-feel-try process. Online shopping cannot
offer customers the opportunity to try on the clothes they buy. Therefore, a customer has to buy a product without
close examination, that is, without having a chance to check it as we do in traditional stores. The electronic images
of a product are sometimes misleading. The colour and appearance, in reality, may not be the same as the electronic
images.
One serious drawback of online shopping is that it is unreliable. Sometimes, there is disappearance of
shopping itself and online payments are not secure. The rate of cybercrimes has been increasing and the customers'
credit card details and bank details have often been hacked. Customers have to be careful in revealing their personal
information.

(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. Customers do not have a chance to try on the clothes they buy if they do ---------- .
2. Unlike online shops, we can --------- a product in traditional stores.
3. The -------- colour and appearance of a product may not be the same as the electronic images.
4. According to the passage, it is believed that online shopping is ---------- .
5. Customers have to be careful not to ------------ their personal information.
(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5 marks )
6. What can't customers have when they do the online shopping?
7. How does a customer have to buy a product online?
8. What can we do in traditional stores?
9. Why does the writer say that the electronic images are sometimes misleading?
10. What happens when cybercrimes occur?
V. Read the passage.
Moreover, online shopping does not allow price negotiation between buyers and sellers. In stores and
supermarkets, sales attendants provide attention to customers and help them in buying goods. Only a few online
shopping marts provide a service for customers to talk to a sales representative.
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This lack of oral interaction makes online shopping less popular among shoppers. Some prefer traditional shopping
to online shopping as traditional stores can provide enjoyable shopping experiences like fun, scent, and sounds. By
going out shopping, they can have lots of fun, experiencing a showroom atmosphere, seeing smart sales attendants,
and meeting other shoppers of various types. Online shop owners can have more complaints than traditional
shopkeepers when there is delay or damage during delivery and they may experience product returns, which can
affect their profits. Moreover, as online shopping is a global business, online shop owners must compete with
potentially thousands of other online shop owners that offer similar products and services.
(A) Write the correct word or words to complete each sentence. (5 marks)
1. Buyers do not have a chance to --------- prices with sellers online.
2. Online shopping is less popular among shoppers since there is no ---------- in shopping online.
3. Such enjoyable shopping experiences as fun, scent, and sounds can ------- by traditional stores.
4. When we go out shopping, we can -------- a showroom atmosphere.
5. Shoppers tend to ---------- to online shop owners when there is delay or damage during delivery.
(B) Answer each question in one sentence. (5marks)
6. Whose attention do customers have in stores and supermarkets?
7. What does online shopping lack?
8. Why do some shoppers prefer traditional shopping to online shopping?
9. When can online shop owners have more complaints than traditional shopkeepers?
10. According to the passage, how is online shopping regarded?