,.

'*
II TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Examination Control Division
2075 Ashrvin

*__.:__-*_*!_y*ti::!r_:_Fj"tt19g"grt"ti*fEr.iot__
Candidates are required to give their answem in their own words as far as practicable.
Auempt All questions.
TheJiguaes in the margin indieate FullMarks.
f&e n*;; denotes a unit vector along the direction of suhscript.

Neeessarv,formutas Wttached herewith.

Assume suiitable data if necessary.

,--il. Expres in cartesian conponents: (a) the vector at A(p:4, @ = 40o, z: -2)that extends to
B(p = 5, @ : -110o, 2): (b) a unit vector at B dirccted toward A.
"= [3+Zl
2' Derive an Electric Field Intensity (E*) in betrveen the two co-axial cylindrical conductors,
. the inner of radius 'a' and outer of radius 'b', each infiniie in extent and assrmring a
sutface charge density p, on the outer surface of the inner conductor. An infinite unifonn
line charge Pt= 2 nC/m lies along the x-axis in free space, while the point charge of 8€
each arg located at (0, 0, 1). Find i, ut1Z,S,-+y 14+41
3. Derive the integral and point forms of continuity equation. In a certain region,
l=:rtcor0{-r'sine{, A/m2 . Find the current crossing the surface defined by
0=30",0<0<2n,0<r<2. [5+31
ssin(Qcos(0)
4. Given the fierd, fi - a,rcrmz, find: (a) the vorume charge density; (b) the
r
total charge contained in the region r <2 m;(c) the value ofD atthe surfacer=2. I2+Z+21
'1. Differentiate between scalar and vecior magnetic potential. Derive the expression for
'-' magnetic boundary conditions.
6. State Stroke's theorem. Evaluate both sides of Stroke's theorem for the field
-)n
G = 10sin0a6 and the surface r = 3, 0 S A < 2n,0 < 0 < 90". Let the surface have the l,
direction. [l+ZJ
7. Find the capacitance of a spherical capacitor using Laplace's equation. t6l
8. Write point form of all the Maxt'ell's Equations in phasor domaino for perfect dielectric
material. Use these equations to derive the magnetic field component of a uniform plan
wave travelling in the perfect dielectric medium. p+61
-) -+ _) _+
9. Let E(z,t)= t800pos(tO?rr -Bz) a* V/m and H(z,t)= 3.gcos(107 xt-gz)i, Nm
represents a uniform plane wave propagating at a velocity of 1.4 xl08 m/s in perfect
dielectic. Find a) P b) f.c) n d) |rr e) €r .
IZ+t+Z+Z+u
t*
10. The velocity of propagation in a lossless transmission line 2.5 *108 m/s. Ifthe capacitance
ofthe line is 30 pflm, find: [Z+Z+2+ZJ
a) Inductance of the line
b) Characteristic impedance
c) Phase constant at 100 MHZ
d) Reflection coefficient if the line is terminated with a resistive load of 50Q
-
I l. What are the advantages of waveguides over tansmission lines? A rectangular waveguide
' has a moss-section of 2.5 cm x 1.2 cm- Find the cut-off frequencies d dominant mode
and TE (1,1)
[1+4J
12. Write short notes on: Antenna properties
l2l

{:
DIVERGENCE

Oartesian: v.il = *dx + 93

0y aLk
0z

]{P
Cylindrical: v.D = p op + 1g*
poq +*oz

sphericai: v.d = 3* * #9I9fi,9. ##

GRADIENT

cartesian: vv =xd + #q *#4

cyrindrical: vv - l"#eo, *#4
Hq+
Spherical: Vv : ffa; * i#a; * ##a;

LAPLACIAN
azv ozv ozv
v2v: ffi-
cartesian: ayr- fu

cyrindricar: Yzv =;*(t#) . ##+fi

Spherical : vzv = i*,V H* #*('i" efr) * ##
CURL

Cartesian: vxr:(*-T)ai+ (#-*)E+ffi -T)a

Cylindrical: V x H =GW-Hq+W-Har+;eP -#)e

Spherical: V x == ;fo (es# _ fi')

+
H + i ffiiff _ #)ad +
e?

' i(ry-*)q
*d< *
1
!l
I

't

22 , TRIEHUVAN TJNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Examination Control Division
2074 Ashwin

{:'_rt:S!_--_Sgllggggg'etigi€{5i11
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
AtIemp t AU questions.
Thefigures in the margin indicate FuA Marks-
Necessaru, formula is attaehed herewith.
+A represents d vector and-.>
d{n",,, denotes a unil vector along the direction given by the subscript'

Assume suitable data if necessary.

+--++
t. Convert the vector F:\ a*+F, ay+F, a, to both spherical coordinate system. t5]

2. Find the electric field intensity in all three regions due to an infinite sheet parallel plate
capacitor having swface charge density p, c/mt and -p, clmz andplaced at y: 0 and y = b
reipectively. Let a uniform line charge density, 3 nC/m, at y: 3; uniform surface charge
density, A.2nClrnz atx=2. Find Eat the origin. [4+4]
3. What is dipole? Derive the equation for potential and electric held due to dipole at a
distant point P. ll+61
4. Derive Poisson's equation. By solving Laplace's equation, find the capacitance of a
parallel plate capacitor with potential difference befween the plates equals Vo. ll+51
+ / t"2 \- )
Verify sroke's theorem for rhe field H =l 54rcos0ao Ai m in free space for the
frG Jae+

conical surface defined by 0 = 20o, 0 a S rn, 0 < r 3 5. Let the positive direction of
=
ds be ar. t8l

6. Consider a boundary atz= 0 for which Br=2a^-3ay+&. filT, lLt = 4 pHlm (z > 0),

p2=7 pH/m(z<$)unO i=80i. A./matz=0.Find iz tSl

7. Explain how Ampere's lara, conflict with continuity equation and how it is corrected?
Derive conduction and dispiacement current in a capacitor. [4+3]
8. Derive the expression for elecffic and magnetic fields for a uniform plane wave
propagating in a perfect dielectric medium. [5+3]
9, A9.4 GHzuniform plane wave is propagating in a medium with e,=2.254tr lrr: 1. If the
magnetic field intensity is 7 mAlm and the material is loss less, find [+l+l+2+2]
i) Velocity of propagation
ii) The wave length
iii) Phaseconstant
iv) Intrinsic impedance
v) Magnitude of electric field intensity
',.*
10. A lossless line having an air dielectrie has a characteristics impedance of 400 O. The line
is operating at 200 MHz and zi, =200 - j200 O . Find (a) SWR (b) Zu if the line is I m
long; (c) the distance from the load to the nearest voltage maximwn. 12+4+21
I l. Differentiate between transmission line A rectangular waveguide having
and waveguide.
cross-seclion of 2 cmx 1 cm is filled with a lossless medium char4cterized by e = 4eo and

F, = I . Calculate the cut-off frequency of the dominant mode. t4+21

12. Write short notes on antenna and its properties- t?l

DIVERGENCE

CARTESIAN g.5=oD' *aD' *oD'

AxfuAz
o.D=L
CYLINDRICAL
uobr).;#"#
SPHERICAL v.o=\.!(,,o-\n- I a('illD').-: -y
-rt rsin9 Ag
- 12ar\ rsin90$

GRADIENT

CARTESIAN vv
At/
=+a, +
0v" av^
ox oy r+ -a_
-a oz
all tav^ aY-
pod'+-a_
^
CYI,INDRICAT- vy --d
cp oz

iliRtcAL vy:-a,av"
raY^
L--^
| av^
.L--n
r;Pt
or
' r O0"o rsin? 0,1"c

CURL

cARrEsrAN
""
o =(+-+),,.(+ T)r,"(*-+)^,
a('?H')
cylrNDRrcn L ad oz '\ a" ap
vzH =(1an' -a!t\u .{9!--gg-.)a..rf
\p )""pl )"' op -9!r)u.
a0 ) '

spHERrcAL v, a =--L-lu(u::"')
rsingl a0 -l?'iu. ' Lary--g('l)la"
A6 ) ' rlsind d/ dr ) .:{
r{a(,n,1 afl. ).
r[ 0r A0)'

LAPLACIAN

cARTESTAN s'e, =g'{ot{ *Ef,

&2 avz 022

cYLTNDRTcAL ,', -Lg( o{)-+*.*

Pop\ op) p- o9- oz-
spFrERrcAL o,o =Ig(,'91)*-f
,' 0r\ dr ) ,' sin9 dd\ )
.]--0 !0Q'
-1[.*r9] * r'sin"A0
 SYli gS| : Y""tt |rylre*1tig-(W o:)
{ as far as practicable'
Candidates are required to give their answers in their ouryt words
/ Auempt 4ll questions"
{ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Matr*s'
t
TreOresent a vectorard i.uu..rp, anci i,,r,"aprdenotes a unit vector along the direction
gru"i ty the subsript.
Assume suitable data if necessary.

.*-: pelirr. a vector field. A field vector is given by an expression

i=#(""-vi,*'i.),transformthisvectorincylindricalcoordinate
system at point (2, 30', 6) [2+3]

2. Given the flux density fr =12ccs0lr';a.+(sin0/13)au Clm2,evaluate both sides of the

- 1r^ , It
divergence theorem forthe region defrned by I < r <2.0 <0 <-,0 <S <1' t8l

{ Define electric dipole and polarization. The region . O ,ontulns u Oietl"t ic material for
which s.r = 2.5 while ttr" region z ) 0 " is characterized by E,z = 4.Let
, A A + +
+
E,:-30a.+ 50'ar+7A'a,V1m.Find: (a) Ez (b) Dz (c) polarization in

region t /-\
|.t'J.
L2+2+2+l+lJ

4. State the uniqueness theorem and prove this theorem for Laplace's equation. ll+sl

5. A current density in certain region is given *r i = 20 sin B 4 u',*

!{ Al m2, Find: Is+3]
"o, f*

i) The average valueof Jroverthe surface r=1,0 <0<x12,0<$<n/2 '

En
"l'v
ii)'At
+
6. Show that VxE=Ofor static electric field. The region y<0 (Region 1) is air and y>0

(Region 2) has lrr = i0. if there is a uniform magnetic freid i=S{+e{+ 7i,Al^in
region l,find Band Hinregion2. [2+3+3]
7. Find the amplitude bf the displacement current density in a metallic conductor at 60 Hz, if
)+
€=€qrp=p0,6=5.8x107S/m, and j =sin(37?t -117.12\a*MA/m2- t5]
 g. Explain the phenomena when a plane wave is inciadent normally on the interface
between

b tu,o aifer# Medias. Derive the expression for reflection and transmission coefficient. t8l

9. A uniformplane wavein non-magneticmediumhas i=50cos(lOtt+ Z")irV t* ' Find:

i) The direction of ProPagation

-B,-wavelength
ii) Phase constant 1,, velocity vr, relative permittivity er' inftinsic
impedance q

iiil * t1+5+21

10. Determine the primary constants (R" L, C and G) on &e transmission line when the
c' : 0'01
measurement on the line at I KHz gave the following results: zo =7101-16",
neper/m and S :0.035 radlm' t8l

ll.Explain tbe modes supported rectangular waveguide. Calculate the cut off
by a
with
fiequencies of the first ncur propagating modes for an air filled copper waveguide
dimension a=Z.5cm,b= 1.2cm. [2+41

12. Write short notes on antenna and its types. tz|

**{.

\j
? t dD1-,
-V.U=--a=:t; , dDy dD7
Cartesian: 0x 0Y 0z

Cylindrical: vfi-1a(PDpr+1999+ry
Y'v-p aP oz Pa0
td(rzD11 , t altT-9De)- 1 dDO
Spherical: -RD
V. = A a, -;trs- -
ao- *i"o aO

Gradient

Cylindrical: w= T,q*;#4 *T"4

Spherical: w= fr**i#6*##ao

Laplacian

Cartesian: v,v=#+#+#
cyrindricar: vzv =;*(r#) .if"+#
Spherical: YzY = i*V#) . #*(sino#) . ##
Curl

Cartesian: v xE - W -T)a * (* - *)d * (* -*)a

Cylindrical: v x n = 1;ffi - #)4 * (# -?) { + ;(ry - #)a

v x n == ;k(ry - H)d + iffiH - @)a +

s
i(ry-*')';
**<t
 22 TzuBHUVAN UNIVERSITY i Exam
"* INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Examinatio n Control Division i.t:g**ry j-.P*E]:-!!x:IJf i :*' M"'k' j* hrs'-
2072 chaitr" iflf1-_ili{--
'if:lgr!--ini{--
. ir'g'---._j
ir'1r'---._.i 3}

r"--*;eps"cle1telp"$
---:--- : ------_j:ryr;t
----':-
in their own rn'ords as iar as practicable'
r' carrdidates are required to give their answers
{ Anempt Att questions'
/ Th" iTur"s in the margin indicate Full-Mstk'
/ Neieisary tables are attached herewith'
direction
{ /r"prurent a rectorarid l*o*,0, ond io,o.*p, denotes a unit vector along the
given by the subscriPt.
/ Assume suitable data if necessary'

i=sa. in (a) cylindrical components (b) spherical

1. Express the uniform vector freld
[2+3]
components.
to an infrnitely long line charge
2. Derive the expression for the electric freld intensity due
line charge density of
with uniform -g" density p, by using Gauss's law. A uniform
"t
20 nClmis located at y =3 and z=5 ' Find E at P(5'6'1) [4+4]

Derive an expression to calculate the potential due

to a dipole in terms of the dipole
/-r\++++
is located at the point
moment f ol o dipole for which p=3a*-5a'+10a"nC'm
\/
+ [4+4]
(1,2,-4). Find E at P.
system is function of p only,
A
.+- Assuming that the potential v in the cylindrical coordinate
solve the Lapplace's equution and derive the expression
for the capacitance of coaxial
the inner conductor of radiUs
capacitor of iengtn f. using the same solution of V. Assume
;;;;t"ttt"i iir *trt t"ip*
to the conductor of radius b' t6l

5. State and derive expression for stoke's theorem. Evaluate the closed line integral of H
from \(5,4,i)to Pr(5,6'1)to Pr(0,6,1)to Po(0,4,1)to P, using straight line segments'
if
+
H = 0.1y3 a,+0-4xa.Alm '
[1+3+4]

equation. Given
6. Define scalar magnetic potential and show that it satisfies the Laplace's
the vector magnetic potential i=-(Ot t+)i,WAtm, calculate the total magrretic flux
crossingtle surface 4:n/Z'1 <pS2 m and0 <z<5 m' U+2+51

7" How does Vxfr =

j con{lict with continuity equation in time varying fieids- How is this
conflict rectifred in such fields? [2+3]

for electric and magnetic fields for a uniform plane wave

8. Derive the expression
space. - [5+3]
propagating in aperfect dielectric

9. A lossless dielectric material has o=O,P, =l'l-,=4. An electromagnetic wave has

magrietic field express"d u, fr = -0.lcos(cot -z)i^+ O.ssincos(rot - z){ nt * ' nina' 12+2+41

a) Angular frequencY (o)

b) Wave imPedance (q)
c)i
l
10. Consider a fwo-wire 40 Q line (Zo = 40Q)connecting the sowce of 80 V, 400 kHz with
series resistance 10 fl to the Ioad of Z, =699. The line is 75 m long and the velocity on
the lineis2.5x108m/s.Findthevoltage \n..atinputendand vr." atoutputendofthe
transmission line. t8l
ll.Why does a hollow rectangular waveguide not support fEM mode? A rectangular air-
filled waveguide has a cross-section of 45x90 mm. Find the cut-offfrequencies of the
first four propagating modes. [Z+4]
12. Write shod notes on antenna and its types. lTj
{.**
DTVERGENCE

CARTESIAN v.g=dD' aEDy*9D,

Ax Ay 3z

cYLTNDRTcAL v.n = ! !( pn; * !99_ *6D,

pdp' F' pAd Az

SPI{ERICAL v.O=4?ft,o,1*
,- / !-6(snoD,)+
'
1 aD{
dr' r{tn9 0e rsn? 06

GRADIENT

CARTESIAN vv =ov ov
av
^ ' '' '
a-o'n6o'*Eo'
^

CYLINDRICAT vv -=ov ; ,1 9v , , av .
" 6P"'-iil"'*EL
sPHERTcAL yy' 1
", ' , Og-u- ,"nE t
=L6_*!{-a^* .
Or ai",

CURL

CARTESIAN
'
u = (# - *),..(* - *),,.(* -
"
T)',
CYLINDRICAL
"
n = (;# - *)" .(* - T)u . i(Y -
" #)' "

SPHERICAL v,. F = -1; (** #),,. :(*# -

Yi,,
.i[P-#)"
LAPLACIAN

CARTESIAN ,,n=ffiuff.#
cYLTNDRTcAL v,r !!( o{\* !u'!.u',
p, ad' '
=
p ap{ ap ) Au,

spHERrcAL
",
=)*(n#).#*ft*r#\##
 26 TRIBHWANI.JNIVERSITY Exanr. lle gul:rr
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE f,'ull Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BEL, BEX, BCT Pass Marks 32

2070 Chaitra Year / Part I[ll Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electromasnetics (EX5 03 )

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' Attempt All'questions.
/ Thefigures in the margin indtcate Futl,Marks
y' Necessarv formula are ofrached herewith.
y' Assume s.uitable data if necessary.

l. Transforrr the Vector ,'f =yi'+xir*ri, into cylindrical co-ordinates at a point

p(2,45",5) tsl
2. Along the z-o<is there is a uniform line of charge with pr, = 4n Cm-t and in the x : I
plane there is a surface charge with p, = 20 Cm'2. Find the Electric Flux Density at
(0.5,0,0) t6l
3.. Define Uniqueness theorem. Assuming that the potential V in the cylindrical coordinate
system is the function of 'p' only, solve the Laplacian Equation by integration method
and derive the expression for the Capacitance of the co-axial capacitor using the same
solution of V. [2+5]
4. Define Electric Dipole and Polarization. Consider tho region y < 0 be composed of a
uniform dielectric material for which the relative permittivity (e) is 3.2 while the region
y > 0 is characterized by q -Z.Letthe flux density in region I be [2+3+3]
-) -+ -) -)
Dr = -30u r+50 a y+70a z nC/m'.
Find: '

a) Magnitude of Flux density and Electric fields intensity at region 2.

-)
b) Polarization (P) in region I and region 2
5. State Ampere's circuital law and stoke's theorem. Dcrive an expression for magnetic field
-)
intensity (H) due to infinite cunent corrying filament using Biot Savart's Law. [+2+5]
6, Differentiate between scalar and vector magnetic potential. The magnetic field intensity

in a certain region of space is given * fr = Qp + z)i o+?i, N^. Find the total current
z

passing tluough the sudace p = 2, nl4 < g < n12,3 < z <5, in tle io direction. [3+5]

7. State Faraday's law and correct the equation Vx d = 0 for time varying field with
necessary derivation. Also modifu the equation V* il = ? with necessary derivations for
time varying field. [l+3+4]
8. Derive an expression for input intrinsic impendence using the concept of reflection of
wriform plane waves. t6]
,
 ,li

9. Find the amplitude of displacement current density inside a typical metallic conductor
where f = lKHz, o = 5x10? mho/m, 6r = I and the conduction current density is
+-n
J = l0'sin(6283t-4442)ay Alm' 14l

10. Write all the Manwell equations for the time varying field point form as well as integral
form. t4l
ll. A lossless hansmission line with & = 50 Q with length 1.5 m sonneots a voltrge
-
Vs 60tV sotrrce to a terminal load of Zy= (50+j50) O. If the operating frequency
f = 100 MHz, generator impedence 4= 50 Q and speed of wave equal to the speed of the
light. Find the distance of the frst voltage maximum from the load. What is the power
delivered to the load? 141-4)
12. What are the techniques that can be taken to match the transmission line with
mismatched load? Explain any one. 12)
13. Write short notes on: [2x3]
a) Modes in rectangular wave guidc
b) Antenna and its types
*t*

I
1

i
i

I
1

ir
I
I

i!

I
 ZI TruT'HUVAN UNIVb,KSI'I'Y -Uxam. llegullr
a
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FulI Marks 80

Examination Control Division BEL, BEX,

Programme Pass Marks 32
BCT
2069 Chaitra Year / Part $lt Time 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Electromagnetics (EXS 0 3)

{ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
'/ Aaempt All questions.
'/ TheJigures inthe margin indicate Full Marl*s.

{ Assume suitable data if necessary.

/-Ctu"n a point P(-3,4,5), express the vector that extends from P to Q(2, 0, -1) in (a)
J / Rectangular coordinates (b) Cylindrical coordinates (c) Spherical coordinates. tsI
2. Veriff the divergence theorem (evaluate both sides of the divergence theorem) for the
-t ^+ -)
frrnction !=r'-=u'+J-giogqoq{ao , over the surface of quarter of a hemisphere defined
by: 0 < r (3, 0 < 0 < nlZ, 0 < 0 <n/2. t6l
3. Given the potential field V : 100x2{x2+4) volts in free space: 171

na) Find D at the surface, z=0

b) Show that the z=0 surface is an equipotential surface
c) Assume that the r0
surface i-s a conductor and find the total charge on that portion of
the conductor defined by 0 <'*.2,-3 < y < 0
4. State the uniqueness theorem and prove this theorem using Poisson's equation. 12+61

5. State Amperes circuital law with relevant examples. The magnetic field intensity is given

in a certain region of space * fr =

**?' J,*?i, w^. Find the total current passing
z"z
through the surface z:4,1 < x < 2,3 < y < 5, in the a, direction. [3+5]
6,prDefine scalar and vector magnetic potential. Derive the expression for the magnetic field
\-/- intensity at a point due to an infinite filament carrying a dc current I, placed on the z-axis,
using the concept of vector magnetic potential. [3+s]
7. Define displacement current. Assume thatdry.soil.has conductivity equal to 104 S/m,
r g : 3r0 and p = p6. Determine the frequency at which the ratio of the magnitudes of the
conduetion current density and displacement current density is unity. [2+sl
Derive the expression for electric field for a uniform plane wave propagating in a free
space. t7t "
Poynting's *T*i An EM wave travels in free space with the electric field
._Wr""
component E (lOar+5ar) cos (uot+2y -42) [Ylm]. Find (a) or and I (b) the magnetic
=
field cornponent (c) the time average power in the wave. @*Z*z*Zl
ffXossless tansmission line withlq: 50q is 30m long and operates atlMftz.The line
is tenninated with a loadZr= (60+j40) Q.1f velocity (v): 3*i0sm/s on the line. Find (a)
the reflection coefficient, (b) the standing wave ratio and the input impedance. t2:+Y.31

fi{.Explan the modes supported by Rectangular waveguide. Define cutoff frequency and
V / dominant mode for rectangular waveguide. [2+2+27
Write short notes on:
v-,y a) Antenna types and properties
_ 12+21
.r_

b) Quarter wave transformer

 '':',
27 TRISHUVANUNTVERSTTY: Exam. lle grrlrrr'
INSTITUIE OF EI{GINEERING Level BE FuIl IVIarks 80
BEL, BEX,
Examination Control Division Programme BCT
Pess Marlc 32

2068 Chaitra Year / Part I[tl Time 3'hrs.

Subject: - Electromagnetics (H( 503)

/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Attempt Allquestions.
/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
r' Necessaru formulas are attachid herafith
y' Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. Transform vector f
= psin$a, at point (1, 45o, 2) in cylindrical co-ordinate systern to a
vector in spherical co-ordinate system. tsl
2. The region X<0 is composed of a uniform dielectric material for which E1y= 3.2,while the
regon X>0 is ctraracterized by er2 = 2. The electric flux density at region X<0 is
.+r-)-+^--+
Dr = -30 ar + 50 ar + 70 a" n(}nt' then find polarization ( P ; and electric field intensity
+
(E ) in both regions. [3+3]
3. Define an electric dipole. Derive expressioa for electric field because of elecfric dipole at
a distance ftat is large compared to ttre separation between charges in the dipole. [2+61
4. Define Rela:ration Tirne Constant and derive an expression for the continuity equation. [3+4]
5. -Derive the equations for magnetic freld intensity for infinite long coa:rial transmission
line carrying direct current t and retum current -t in positive and negative Z-direction
respectively 17l
6. A current carrying square loop with vertices A(0,J,2),8(0,2,2), C$,2;-2)D(01,-2) is
carrying a dc current of 20A in the direction along. A-B'C-D-A. Find magnetic field
intensity H at centre of the current carrying loop. t6I
7 . Elaborate the significance of a curl of a vector field. t3I
-+ -t
8. Derive the expressions for the electric field E and magnetic field H for. the wave
propagation infree space. t8]
g. The phasor component of elpctric field intensity in free space is given by
-t+-+
E-, =(100<45o;s-j5e u] ,l*. Deterrnine frequency of the wave, wave impedance, H,,
+
and magnitude of E at z = l0mm, t = 20ps. [2+2+2+21
I0. Write short notes on: (a) Loss tangent O) Skin depth and (c) Displacement current
density. [2+2+21
ll.Explain impedance matching using both qdarter wave transformer and single stub
rnethods. [3+3]
12. Explain in brief the modes supported by rectangular waveguides. Co4sider a rectangular
waveguide with e, :2rlL: p0 with dimensions a= 1.0'1cm, b:
0.43cm. Find the cut off
frequency for TMrr mode and the dominantmode. [4+2+21
13. Define antenna and list different types of antenna. l2l
***

9r
 L

Diyergence
Cartesian: v.7 =gt,-+?!r-*4
tuAyAz
Cylindrical: y.Z =L 0 ot:*L%*?L
rfu' rA0 Oz

Spherical: o7 = A*). +
ta4
#*(R' #*@,smo) Rsn? 0S

I
Gradient
Cartesian: YA=-;-Ar*
aA^ aA^ aA^
Ou*--A,
ox oy'^ oz

Cylindrical:
0A^
YA=6ar*;t0A^ aA"
uior*Eo'
Spherical:
aA^ taA^ lAA
YA=-aR* ar
n aeor* Rsnfl 0{
s+ --
Cartesian: Yx z = r% -.*la,. (+ - 9+)a"
oyoz(Eac'acdy
+ 1! - $1a.

Cylindrical: Yx z = r:# - *',a,

* (* - *ta, * !rfi<,e) -
ff>a,
Spherical:
yxz =.
# r*r, e, sn e) -
ff)a-
*
+
(#
# - *r*,,)r, . i (
r+
r ne,> - #) a,

ry
Cartesian:
^ azA azA aza
Y'-4=
fuz ay', fu2'
-*--:-+-
,'1=L 6 tr%-r*!4* a2A
r Ar' fu' r' 0O' E
Cylindrical:

Spherical: y2A=Ll.tn'-.t* I a ^aA.' I

(S[r6r-)+--=---- :--A2A
R, AR' AR' R2 sin? O0 ''"'- ae' R2 sinz o a62

€
 27 TRIBHWANTINIVERSITY Exam. / Back
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FulI Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme

BEL, BEX,
Pass Marks 32 i]
BCT
206A Baishakh Year / Part 7r /l Time 3 hrs.

/ Candidates are required to give their answers iri their own words 4s far as practicable.
'/ Attempt 4Aquestions.
',/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Futt Markl
/ Necessary Smith Chart is attached herewith.
/ Assume that the bold faced letter represents a vector and aro15r"r;r6represents a unit vector.
/ Assume suitable.data if necessary.

1. Express the vector field W : (x-y) a, in cylindrical and spherical co - ordinates. t5l
2. Find the equations for energy density in elecfrostatic field. IB]
3. A uniform sheet of charge ps = 40eo C/m2 is located in the plane x:0 in free space. A t

uniform line charge pr :0.6 nC/m lies along the line X: 9, y:4 in free space. find the I

potential at point P ( 6, 8, -3) if V

: 10V at A(2,9,3). t8l :

,$. What is physical significance of div D? Explain the importance of potential in the electro
static field. :

t4l
i

5. What are the differences between curl and divergence? t4l :

6. The condition triangle loop (strown in figure below) carries a current of 10A. Find H at
(0, 0, 5) due to side 1 of the loop. t8l

(0, 1,0)
10A
:
I

Side 1 (2,0,0)
-i
7. State Maxrvell's fourth equation. t2) i

8. State and prove the Stokes theorem. t3l

,

.:
'9. For a non-qragnetic materials having F4: 2.25 and o : 104 mho/m, find the numeric
values at 5MHz for : t8l
a) The loss tangent b) The attenuation constant
c) The phase constant d) The intrinsic impedance i
l0.Aloadof 100+j l50OhmisconnectedloaTS ohmlosslessline.FindusingSmithChart: [10]
a) Reflection coefficient b) VSWR 0
c) The load admittance d) Z,i"al}. )" from the load
e) Z" at generator if line is 0.61,long
1i. Distinguish between conduction and displacement currents. t4l
12. Explain the terrn skin depth. Using pointing vector, deduce the time average power
densrty for a dissipative medium. 171

13. Write short notes on: [3x3]

a) Antenna and its type b) TEM
c) Waveguides
 1

I
B Ghe Cornplete Smffir Chart
Black Magic Design
I
I
"]
I

'''l
I

-l
i

I
I

i -!

1 I
I

1
I

-l

.l
I

rtl

-1
i

I
I
.T
t
 r
zs TRBHweil umvensltv Exam. Reeular / Baek
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Leriel BE FullMarks 80

Examination Control Division BEL, BE)i Marks

Prrigramme BCT
Pass 32

2067 Mangrsir Year / Part tr/II Time 3 hrs.

Subiect
/ Candidates are required to'give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
{ Auempt Allquestions.
./ Thefigures in the margin indicate Fitl Mark!.
Necessarv data are attaehed heraryith.
-1

1. Transform Ac =xi* +xfi, at point (1,2,3) in Cartesian co-ordinate systern to A"y in

cylindrical co ordinate system. t6l
2,
t Use Gauss's law to determine electric field intensity because of infinite line charge with .
u.rifor* charge density g. ' t6]
3. Find potenti al at apoint P(2,3,3) due to a lnC'charge located at Q(3,4,4), 1nC/m unifoim ".:

line charge located dtx:2, Y = I if potential at (3,4,5) is 0V . ,' t6l

4.

':' '

6.

7. For a given co - a:<ial cable with inner conductor of radius 'a', outer conductor with inner
radius 'b' and outer radius 'c' with current in the inner conductor 'I' and current in the
outer conductor -'I', determine V x H for 0 SrS a, aSrSb, b SrS c. t10l
a

8. Consider a wave propagating in lossy dielechic with propagation eonsultant, T cr +jp. :

Derive expressions for a and p ifrnedium is characterizedby perrrittivity e, permeability
p and conductivity o. t8l
g. A uniform plane wave propagating in free spa'ce has E = 2 css(lO77rt -Bz) 6*, detemrine p
and H. t6l
:
i0. A z-polarized uniform pla:re wave with frequency 100MHz profiigat6s in air irf thc
positive x-direction and impinges normally on a perfectly conducting plane at x : 0.
Assuming the aniplitude of the-eleckic field vector to be 3mV/m,'determine phasor and
instantaneous expressions for t8l
a) Incident electric and magnetic field vectors
b) Reflected electric and magnetic field vectors
ll.Derive the expression for input. impedance of a transmission line with characteristic
impedanci:, Zolxgited by sourle, V with source impedance Z"xrdterminated in load Zr. t6l
,12. Define hansverse magnetic mode. ,{ rectangular waveguide has dimensions, d = 5cm and
b : 3cm, The medium within the waveguide lias s, :1, pr:1; o :*0'dnd conducjing walls
of wave guide are perfect ebnductors. Determihe the cutoff frequency for TMi;rmode. t6l
t** i

i
 L
I

L-

I
I

DilFiqgnce
OA,
L Cartesian: Y.A =
0A*
+ +
aA,-
Ax Ay 0z

l-

t _oAt
Rsin4 0t1l

','
Grididnt
-
-Cart6sian: aA^ aA^ aA.
vA=;4"*6Ur*;t,,
I

I
lAA^ AA^
'r;50"*ao'
1

Curl

(* -*ru.. n!* -*)a, (\

. l,l

Cartesian: Y *-A = + - f*ru :

.

;, x, u, t'h u,
cyr in d,:ieir r ., v =
+h .-:
#li..,# -
#> " J.$o+t'

=:**,*, An sinil : !)r, *

t- y xz .
i # # - *^r*11 u,
|l * {a.e,> - ff)'i,
fr*,:.;u ;, -. -.

LaPlaci3rr . '

A2A AzA e2A

Y'A=A +6;+6r
I

Cartesian :
'r 'l A .,.A4* I azA AzA
l-
Cylindrical:
gz 1-- --r-1.r5) L----+<
' ,z 611 0z'

-'o=l-,, SPherical: v, e ;
{ -ftr*t#r i;# fia*' e4t.n*r#
I

l-
.a

25 TRIBHUVAN I,JNIVERSITY Eram. Back

INSTITI..TTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80
Examination Control Division Programme
BEL, BEX,
Pass Marks 32
BCT
2067 Shraran Year,/ Part IIitr Time 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Electromagnetics
/ Candidates are requiredto give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Auempt A!!_quefiions-
J Thefigures in the margin indicate FuIl Morks.
{ Necasrt.fisares me ettached hqewtth.
{ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Trausform a point (x, y, z) in rectangular co-ordinates to a point (r, 0, $) in spherical

co-ordinate and vice-versa. t3l
r*bF Transform the vector i = yi. - xi, + zi, intocylindrical co-ordinates l4y
2. I State Coulomb's law with an example. Derive an expression for elechic field intensity
+
(E) at a point due to an infinite line charge having uniform charge density. [1+6I',

,9 tl infinitely long uniform line charge is located at y: 3, z:5. If p, : 30 nC)/m, find

E at (i) Pe(O,0,0) (ii) PB(O,6, l) (iii) Ps(5, 6, l). t6I

3. ..$-^State and explain Gauss's law. Define divergence and write down its physical
significance as it applies to electric fields. 12+31
b) Consider a co-axial cable of length 50cm having inner radius of lmm and an outer
radius of 4mm with the spare between the conductors filled with air. Total charge on
the irurer conductor is 30 nC. Find (i) the charge density on the inner conductor and
outerconductor(ii) B tiiil B. lst
4.rd) Deduce how potential gradient can be used to determine the electric field intensity.
What do you understand by electric dipole moment? [5+lI
b) Given the potential field V :2xzy- 5z and a point P(-4, 3, 6), find at P (i) V (ii) E
+
(iii) aE (iv) D (v) p'. t5I
/ Explain how the conductivity of metals and semi-conductor changes with increase in
temperature. Derive the point form of continuity equation. [3+3]
6,2 a) State Bio-Savart's law. Derive the equation for magnetic field intensity due to a co-
axial cable carrying a uniformly distributed dc current I in the inner conductor and -I
in the outer conductor. 12+61

b) Given 11 = (3r2 / sin e)i, in free space. Find the total current in the
+ 54r cos 06, A"/m
i, directionthroughtheconical surface0:20o,0< 0 <2n,0 <r< 5. t6I
 l

=
i
I
:

-
l. . a/Uxptain how displacement current differs from conduction current. What do you
\/ understand by the term magnetization? What does the relative permeability of a
substance indicate? [2+l+l] E
A9.4 Gllz uniform plane wave is propagating in polyethylene (e, = 2-25, p,: l). If
)) the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity is 7 mA/m and the material is lossless,
find (i) velocity of propagation (v) (ii) the wavelength (t) (iii) the phase constant (B)
(iv) theintrhsic irnpedance (rl) (v) the magnitude of electric field intensity. t6l
8. a) What is a distortionless transmission line? Why are telephone lines required to be
distortionless? [2+l]
b) A radr dish mterma is nded to be covered with a transpaent piastic (e, = 2-25,
p, :l)
to protect it from weather without any reflection of the signal back to the
antenna. What should be the minimum thickness of the plastic cover if the operating
frequency of anterma is 10 GHz? t6J

I -
0
I

I
I

I
I

- I
I

-..1

I
a

1
..|l
I