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DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Budi Arif Prabowo (23021340077)
Yenni Sanruri (23021340068)
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
TABLE OF MATERIALS
Advantages of discourse
What discourse analysis is? analysis?
The purpose of Discourse Disadvantages of
analysis discourse analysis
Categories of discourse The use of discourse
analysis analysis
How to conduct discourse
analysis?
Types of discourse
analysis
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THE NATURE OF DISCOURSE AND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
What is Discourse?
A discourse refers to a specific way of speaking, writing, or
communicating that is guided by certain rules, conventions, and
shared meanings within a particular context or community (Jen
Renkema, 2009; Jorgensen & Phillips, 2002).
Discourse is the vehicle through which language operates
within specific contexts to shape meanings, convey ideas, and
contribute to the construction of social realities(Hewings, 2001;
Moshinsky, 1959a; Richard J. Watts, 2003; Singh & Richards,
2006).
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WHAT IS DISCOURSE ANALYSIS?
Discourse analysis stands as a methodological cornerstone within the
realm of qualitative research, with its lens sharply focused on the intricate
interplay between language, communication, and the multifaceted tapestry
of societal dynamics (Fairclough, 2020; Mooney Simmie & Edling, 2019;
Wennerstrom, 2016).
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THE PURPOSE OF
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Understanding Language in Context
Discourse analysis can be able to investigate the
functions of language (i.e., what language is used
Uncovering Hidden Meanings
for) and to know how meaning is constructed in
different contexts, which to recap include the
Discourse analysis seeks to uncover the hidden
social, cultural, political, and historical
meanings and inferences that are not immediately
backgrounds of the discourse.
apparent from the surface-level language, often by
examining the relationships between text and
social constructs
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CATEGORIES OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Language-in-use approach Socio-political approach
Socio-political approaches to discourse
Language-in-use approaches focus on the finer
analysis look beyond the technicalities of
details of language used within discourse, such as
language and instead focus on the influence
sentence structures (grammar) and phonology
that language has in social context, and vice
(sounds).
versa.
Halaman 04
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HOW TO DO DISCOURSE ANALYSIS?
Define the research Analyze the content for
question and select the themes and patterns
content of analysis
01 03
Gather information and
theory on the context
02 04 Review your results and draw
conclusions
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Narrative Critical Discourse
Analysis 01 03 Analysis (CDA)
Conversation
Analysis (CA)
02 04 Rethorical Analysis
and others
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ADVANTAGES OF
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
01 02 03
Discourse can be Discourse analysis can Discourse analysis will
characterized as a way provide a positive social enable to reveal the hidden
of approaching and psychological critique of motivation behind a text or
behind of research to
thinking about the any phenomenon under
interpret that text
problem the gaze of the researher
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DISADVANTAGES OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
1. Subjectivity: Discourse analysis can be subjective, as different
researchers may interpret the same text differently, leading to
different conclusions about the meaning of the text.
2. Time Consuming: Discourse analysis can be a time-consuming
process, requiring careful reading and analysis to ensure that all
nuances of the text are taken into account, especially when
dealing with large data sets
3. Lack of Explicit Techniques: Discourse analysis does not provide
explicit techniques for researchers to follow, which can be a
hindrance to conducting the analysis
4. Challenges in Generalization: The detailed, context-specific
focus of discourse analysis makes it challenging to generalize
findings across different contexts or apply conclusions more
broadly, as societal norms, language use, and communication
technologies evolve.
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WHEN TO USE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Most appropriate for research topics focused on social,
political or cultural phenomena and how they change
across communicative contexts.
Example: Research that aims to evaluate changes in social
attitudes in news.
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CONCLUSION
Discourse analysis is a qualitative research method that involves an in-depth
examination of written, spoken, non-verbal, and visual language within its
social context. It aims to understand how language is used in real-life
situations to create and maintain social norms and common knowledge.
Discourse analysts consider various elements such as vocabulary, grammar,
tone, genre, imagery, pragmatics, and the language's relationship to society
to analyze how language is used to achieve specific goals and convey
meaning.
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REFERENCES
Alek. (2022). Discourse Analysis , Its characteristics , Types , and Beyond. Institutional Repository UIN
Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Gee J. An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method. 3rd ed. Routledge; 2011
Jen Renkema. (2009). Discourse, of course: An overview of research in discourse studies /. In John
Benjamins B.V
Jorgensen, M., & Phillips, L. J. (2002). Marianne W Jorgensen, Dr Louise J Phillips-Discourse Analysis as
Theory and Method-Sage Publications Ltd (2002). 223
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THANK YOU
