Adama Science and Technology
University
School of Electrical Engineering and Computing
Course Title: Electronic Circuit I
Course Number: PCE2101
Lab: Laboratory Experiment No - 1
Title: Diode Characteristics
Prepared by:
Name ID No.
1. Fuad Umer UGR/23250/13
2. Mulatu shiferaw UGR/23486/13
3. Ebasa Mokonin UGR/23095/13
4. Yeabsira gizaw ugr/23823/13
5. Thomas Abera UGR/22795/13
6. Hamza haji UGR/19777/12
7. Kindesa yuya UGR/22867/13
Section: 1 Group: 2
Submitted to:
Date of conduction: June 02, 2022
Date of submission: jul 5, 2022
Objective: by doing this experiment property we will early.
o determine voltage and current gain with out and with feedback
o identify the effects of negative feedback on the gain of an amplifies
Material required
1. Dc power supply 12v
2. Transistor c1 or BFY-51 or equivalent
3. Resistor: 10kΩ, 2.2kΩ, 1.5Ω, 680Ω &20Ω
4. Capacitor 10 µF, 1µF
5. Audio frequency signal generator
6. Multimeter analog or/and digital
7. Oscilloscope (dual trace)
8. Bear boards
9. Connecting wires.
Theoretical hint
Feedback amplifier is the process where by portion of the output is returned
to the input to form part of system excitation to improve to overall
performance of amplifier e/t .in feedback representation we may sample
output voltage or current by means of a suitable . Simpler network and apply
this signal to the input through feedback two port network as shown below.
The feedback network usually passive two port network circuit may contain
resistor, capacitor and inductor. Most often simply resistive configuration
the output voltage is sampled and for current sampling feedback network
connected in series with the output.
Negative feedback is type amplifier which the output signal is out phase
with the input.
s0 sf
A= , β=
sf so
Procedure
1. Firstly we set up a voltage divider current series feedback amplifier at the
beard board by using vcc=12v, r1=10Ωk, r2=22kΩ, re=680Ω (1kΩ re
=150Ω c1=c2=1fµ & Ce=10µF.
2. Then we set the audio signal generator as a source voltage at 1kΩ with
minimum amplitude and connect it to the input amplifier.
3. We have phase the oscilloscope across the output if the circuit and adjust
the input voltage slowly until the output voltage below distorted the peaks
(we have checked whether wet has it's distorted at the oscilloscope by
studying the wave).
4. After the above procure we measured the an input voltage from the input
wave (by multiplying the written voltage the bottom of the oscilloscope with
the amplitude of the given wave & the output voltage in the same manner
like what we have done at input voltage.
5. After measuring the value we have VIN=2k50mv vout=3,8k1v
6. After we have completed procedure needed at the above circuit (feedback)
by passed directly proceed to the circuit having feedback component and
done all things what we applied at the first circuit.
7. With similar measuring we got VIN =1.2k500mv, VO=3.6k1v & VF =
1k500mv.
8. Finally we tried to what are the effects of feedback components the circuit
by comparing two experiments.
Calculation
vcc (R 2) 12 v (2.2)
1. Vb= =¿ =2.16 v
R 1+ R 2 10 k + 2.2 k
vb−v 2.16−o .7 v
2. Ib= ¿=¿ =0.08 mA
Rd + ℜ 10 k +23.2
Vf 0.5
3. Vf ( ve ) =Ie x Rf =Ie= =¿ Ie ( Ic=Ib )= =2.5 mA
Rf 0.2
Io (IC)=2.5 mA
IB(Ii)=0.8 mA
Ic 2.5
h fb= = =3.15
Ib 0.8
Io
A= =2.5 mA
Vi
Af = A ( 1+ βA )
0.25
= ( 1+ 20∗0.25 )
=0.005
Conclusion
When we compared the two current series circuits we can simply identify
the difference by studying the result down in result before the feedback was
connected (by passed) the value of the gain was 38 and when we connected
feedback the overall gain reduced to calculation from this we can conclude
that when there is a feedback circuit the overall gain is reduced by a value id
(1 + AB)
The win linear distortion of the output signal is reduced (we can check
it by study output wave from oscilloscope with & without feedback
element).
The stability and frequency response also improve
Generally losing negative feedback amplifier very important for:
1. Improvement of stability
2. Increased land width
3. reduced non linear distortion
4. Reduce noise
and it has ado back of reduced the overall gain.
