.

National Education Policy-2020

Common Minimum Syllabus for all U. P. State Universities and Colleges

FOR

B.A./B.Sc. - MATHEMATICS (w.e.f. session 2021-22)

Approved by
Board of Studies
Department of Mathematics
Faculty of Science and Technology
Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith
Varanasi
.

SEMESTER WISE TITLES OF THE PAPER IN UG MATHEMATICS COURSE

YEAR SEMESTER COURSE PAPER TITLE THEORY/PRACTICAL CREDIT
CODE
CERTIFICATE COURSE IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS
FIRST I B030101T Differential Calculus & Integral Calculus THEORY 4
YEAR
B030102P PRACTICAL PRACTICAL 2
II B030201T Matrices and Differential Equations & Geometry THEORY 6
DIPLOMA IN MATHEMATICS
SECOND III B030301T Algebra & Mathematical Methods THEORY 6
YEAR IV B030401T Differential Equations & Mechanics THEORY 6

DEGREE IN MATHEMATICS
THIRD V B030501T Group and Ring Theory & Linear Algebra THEORY 5
YEAR
B030502T Any One of The Following THEORY 5
(i) Number Theory & Game Theory
(ii) Graph Theory & Discrete Mathematics
(iii) Differential Geometry & Tensor Analysis
VI B030601T Metric Space & Complex Analysis THEORY 4
B030602T Numerical Analysis & Operations Research THEORY 4
B030603P PRACTICAL PRACTICAL 2
 PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF UG MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS AS PER NEP 2020 GUIDELINES
GENERAL OVERVIEW

B.A. / B.Sc. I

CREDIT
YEAR

PROGRAMME SEMESTER PAPER PERIODS PERIODS PAPER TITLE UNIT PREREQUISITE ELECTIVE
(15Weeks) Per (HOURS) (Periods Per (For Other Faculty)
Week Per Semester Semester)
089 Differential Calculus Part A Mathematics in 12th Engg. and Tech. (UG),
Paper-1 4 4 4x 15= 60 & Unit I (9) Chemistry/Biochemistry/

Integral Calculus Unit II (7) Life Sciences(UG), Economics(UG/PG),

Unit III (7) Commerce(UG), BBA/BCA, B.Sc.(C.S.)

Part A: Differential Calculus Unit IV (7)

Part B
CERTIFICATE COURSE IN APPLIED

Part B: Integral Calculus Unit V (9)

SEMESTER – I

Unit VI (7)
Unit VII (7)
Unit VIII (7)
Paper-II 2 2 Lab Practical Mathematics in 12th Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
FIRST YEAR

Practical Periods(2 2x2x 15= 60 (Practicals to be done

Hours using
MATHEMATICA
MATHEMATICS

Each)
/MATLAB /Maple
/SCILAB/Maxima/
GAP etc.)
Matrices and Differential Part A Mathematics in 12th Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)

Paper-1 6 6 6 x 15= 90 Equations Unit I (12)

SEMESTER – II

& Unit II (11)

Geometry Unit III (11)

Unit IV (11)
Part B
Part A: Matrices and
Unit V (12)
Differential Equations
Unit VI (11)
Unit VII (11)
Part B: Geometry Unit VIII (11)
 B.A./B.Sc. II

CREDIT
YEAR

PROGRAMME SEMESTER PAPER PERIODS PERIODS PAPER TITLE UNIT PREREQUISITE ELECTIVE
(15Weeks) Per (HOURS) (Periods Per (For Other Faculty)
Week Per Semester Semester)
Algebra Part A Certificate Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Paper-1 6 6 6 x 15= 90 & Unit I (12) Course in

Mathematical Methods Unit II (11) Applied

Unit III (11) Mathematics
SEMESTER –III

Part A: Algebra Unit IV (11)

Part B
Unit V (12)
Part B: Mathematical Methods
MATHEMATICS

Unit VI (11)
SECOND YEAR

Unit VII (11)

DIPLOMA

Unit VIII (11)

IN

Part A Certificate Engg. and Tech. (UG),

Paper-1 6 6 6 x 15= 90 Unit I (12) Course in Economics(UG/PG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Differential Equations
Unit II (11) Applied Engineering and Technology (UG),
&
Unit III (11) Mathematics Science (Physics-UG)
SEMESTER – IV

Mechanics
Unit IV (11)
Part A: Differential Equations
Part B
Unit V (12)
Part B: Mechanics
Unit VI (11)
Unit VII (11)
Unit VIII (11)
 B.A./B.Sc. III

CREDIT
YEAR

PROGRAMME SEMESTER PAPER PERIODS PERIODS PAPER TITLE UNIT ELECTIVE

(15 Weeks) Per (HOURS) (Periods Per PREREQUISITE (For Other Faculty)
Week Per Semester Semester)
Group and Ring Theory Part A Certificate Course in Engg. and Tech. (UG),
Paper-1 5 5 5x 15= 75 & Unit I (10) Applied Economics(UG/PG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Linear Algebra Unit II (10) Mathematics
Unit III (9)
Part A: Group and Ring Theory Unit IV (9)
Part B: Linear Algebra Part B
Unit V (10)
Unit VI (9)
Unit VII (9)
Unit VIII (9)
Part A Diploma in Engg. and Tech.(UG), BCA, B.Sc.(C.S.)
Paper-2 5 5 5x 15= 75 (i) Number Theory & Game Unit I (10) Mathematics
Theory Unit II (9)
Unit III (9)
Part A: Number Theory Unit IV (9)
Part B: Game Theory Part B
Unit V (10)
Unit VI (10)
MATHEMATICS

Unit VII (9)

THIRD YERAR

SEMESTER – V

Unit VIII (9)

DEGREE

(ii) Graph Theory & Discrete Part A Diploma in Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
IN

Mathematics Unit I (10) Mathematics

Unit II (9)
Part A: Graph Theory Unit III (9)
Part B: Discrete Mathematics Unit IV (9)
Part B
Unit V (10)
Unit VI (10)
Unit VII (9)
Unit VIII (9)

(iii) Differential Geometry & Part A Diploma in Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Tensor Analysis Unit I (10) Mathematics
Part A: Differential Geometry Unit II (9)
Part B: Tensor Analysis Unit III (9)
Unit IV (9)
Part B
Unit V (10)
Unit VI (10)
Unit VII (9)
Unit VIII (9)
 Metric Spaces Part A Diploma in Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Paper-1 4 4 4 x 15= 60 & Unit I (8) Mathematics
Complex Analysis Unit II (8)
Unit III (7)
Part A: Metric Spaces Unit IV (7)
Part B: Complex Analysis Part B
Unit V (8)
Unit VI (8)
SEMESTER – VI

Unit VII (7)

Unit VIII (7)
Numerical Analysis Part A Diploma in Engg. and Tech. (UG), Economics(UG/PG),
Paper-2 4 4 4x 15= 60 & Unit I (8) Mathematics BBA/BCA, B.Sc.(C.S.)
Operations Research Unit II (8)
Unit III (7)
Part A: Numerical Analysis Unit IV (7)
Part B
Part B: Operations Research Unit V (8)
Unit VI (8)
Unit VII (7)
Unit VIII (7)

Paper-III 2 2 Lab Practical Diploma in Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)

Practical Periods(2 2x2x 15= 60 (Practicals to be done Mathematics
Hours using Mathematica
Each) /MATLAB /Maple
/Scilab/Maxima etc.)
Programme Outcome/ Programme Specific Outcome
Programme Outcome:
PO1: It is to give foundation knowledge for the students to understand basics of mathematics including applied aspect for the same.
PO2: It is to develop enhanced quantitative skills and pursuing higher mathematics and research as well.
PO3: Students will be able to develop solution oriented approach towards various issues related to their environment.
PO4: Students will become employable in various govt. and private sectors
PO5: Scientific temper in general and mathematical temper in particular will be developed in students.

Programme Specific Outcome:

PSO1: Student should be able to possess recall basic idea about mathematics which can be displayed by them.
PSO2: Student should have adequate exposure to many aspects of mathematical sciences.
PSO3: Student is equipped with mathematical modeling ability, critical mathematical thinking, and problem solving skills etc.
PSO4: Student should be able to apply their skills and knowledge in various fields of studies including, science, engineering, commerce and management
etc.
B.A. /B.Sc. I (MATHEMATICS)

Detailed Syllabus For

CERTIFICATE COURSE
IN
APPLIED MATHEMATICS
 B.A./B.Sc. I (SEMESTER-I) PAPER-I Differential Calculus & Integral Calculus

Programme: Certificate Year: First Semester: First

Class: B.A. / B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030101T Course Title: Differential Calculus& Integral Calculus
Course outcomes:
CO1: The programme outcomes is to give foundation knowledge for the students to understand basics of mathematics including applied aspect for developing
enhanced quantitative skills and pursuing higher mathematics and research as well.
CO2: By the time students complete the course they will have wide ranging application of the subject and have the knowledge of real valued functions such as
sequence and series. They will also be able to know about convergence of sequence and series. Also, they have knowledge about curvature, envelope and evolutes
and trace curve in polar, Cartesian as well as parametric curves.
CO3: The main objective of the course is to equip the student with necessary analytic and technical skills. By applying the principles of integral he learns to
solve a variety of practical problems in science and engineering.
CO4: The student is equipped with standard concepts and tools at an intermediate to advance level that will serve him well towards taking more advance level
course in mathematics.
Credits: 4 Core Compulsory / Elective
Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 4-0-0

Part- A
Differential Calculus
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Introduction to Indian ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians should be included under Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE).
Definition of a sequence, theorems on limits of sequences, bounded and monotonic sequences, Cauchy's convergence criterion, Cauchy
I sequence, limit superior and limit inferior of a sequence, subsequence, Series of non-negative terms, convergence and divergence, 9
Comparison tests, Cauchy's integral test, Ratio tests, Root test, Raabe's logarithmic test, de Morgan and Bertrand's tests, alternating
series, Leibnitz's theorem, absolute and conditional convergence.
Limit, continuity and differentiability of function of single variable, Cauchy’s definition, Heine’s definition, equivalence of definition
II of Cauchy’s and Heine’s, Uniform continuity, Borel’s theorem, boundedness theorem, Bolzano’s theorem, Intermediate value 7
theorem, Extreme value theorem, Darboux's intermediate value theorem for derivatives, Chain rule, indeterminate forms.
Rolle’s theorem, Lagrange and Cauchy Mean value theorems, mean value theorems of higher order, Taylor's theorem with various
III forms of remainders, Successive differentiation, Leibnitz theorem, Maclaurin’s and Taylor’s series, Partial differentiation, Euler’s 7
theorem on homogeneous function.
Tangent and normal, Asymptotes, Curvature, Envelops and evolutes, Tests for concavity and convexity, Points of inflexion, Multiple
IV 7
points, Parametric representation of curves and tracing of parametric curves, Tracing of curves in Cartesian and Polar forms.
 Part-B
Integral Calculus
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
V Definite integrals as limit of the sum, Riemann integral, Integrability of continuous and monotonic functions, Fundamental theorem of 9
integral calculus, Mean value theorems of integral calculus, Differentiation under the sign of Integration.
VI Improper integrals, their classification and convergence, Comparison test, μ-test, Abel's test, Dirichlet's test, quotient test, Beta and 7
Gamma functions.
VII Rectification, Volumes and Surfaces of Solid of revolution, Pappu’s theorem, Multiple integrals, change of order of double 7
integration, Dirichlet’s theorem, Liouville’s theorem for multiple integrals.

VIII Vector Differentiation, Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Normal on a surface, Directional Derivative, Vector Integration, Theorems of 7
Gauss, Green, Stokes and related problems.
Suggested Readings (Part- A Differential Calculus):
1. R. G. Bartle & D. R. Sherbert, Introduction to Real Analysis, John Wiley & Sons

2. T. M. Apostal, Calculus Vol. I, John Wiley & Sons Inc.

3. S. Balachandra Rao & C. K. Shantha, Differential Calculus, New Age Publication.

4. H. Anton, I. Birens and S. Davis, Calculus, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2002.

5. G. B. Thomas and R. L. Finney, Calculus, Pearson Education, 2007.

6. H. S. Dhami, Differential Calculus, New Age Publisher

7. Suggestive digital platforms web links: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS

8. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.

Suggested Readings (Part-B Integral Calculus):

9. T. M. Apostal, Calculus Vol. II, John Wiley Publication

10. Shanti Narayan & Dr. P.K. Mittal, Integral Calculus, S. Chand

11. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons.

12. H. S. Dhami, Integral Calculus, New Age Publisher

13. Suggestive digital platforms web links: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS

14. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the respective universities at local level.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), Chemistry/Biochemistry/Life Sciences(UG),
Economics(UG/PG), Commerce(UG), BBA/BCA, B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation/ Research Orientation assignment 5
4 Assignment (Indian Ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians). 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have subject Mathematics in class 12th
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 (4) Sketching parametric curves, e.g., Trochoid, Cycloid, Epicycloid and Hypocycloid etc.
(5) Tracing of conic in Cartesian coordinates.
(6) Graph of circular and hyperbolic functions.
(7) Obtaining surface of revolution of curves.
(8) Complex numbers and their representations, Operations like addition, Multiplication, Division, Modulus. Graphical representation
of polar form.
(9) Find numbers between two real numbers and plotting of finite and infinite subset of R.
(10) Matrix Operations: Addition, Multiplication, Inverse, Transpose, Determinant, Rank, Eigenvectors, Eigenvalues, Characteristic
equation and verification of the Cayley-Hamilton theorem, Solving the systems of linear equations.
(11) Study the convergence of sequences through plotting.
(12) Verify Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem through plotting of sequences and hence identify convergent subsequences from the plot.
(13)Study the convergence/divergence of infinite series by plotting their sequences of partial sum.
(14) Cauchy’s root test by plotting n-th roots.
(15) Ratio test by plotting the ratio of n-th and (n + 1)-th term.
Suggested Readings
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), Chemistry/Biochemistry/Life Sciences(UG),
Economics(UG/PG), Commerce(UG), BBA/BCA, B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have subject Mathematics in class 12 th
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B.A./B.Sc. I (SEMESTER-II) PAPER-I Matrices and Differential Equations & Geometry
Programme: Certificate Semester: Second
Year: First
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030201T Course Title: Matrices and Differential Equations & Geometry
Course outcomes:
CO1: The subjects of the course are designed in such a way that they focus on developing mathematical skills in algebra, calculus and analysis and give in depth
knowledge of geometry, calculus, algebra and other theories.
CO2: The student will be able to find the rank, Eigenvalues of matrices and study the linear homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations. The course in
differential equation intends to develop problem solving skills for solving various types of differential equation and geometrical meaning of differential equation.
CO3: The subjects learn and visualize the fundamental ideas about coordinate geometry and learn to describe some of the surface by using analytical geometry.
CO4: On successful completion of the course students have gained knowledge about regular geometrical figures and their properties. They have the foundation
for higher course in Geometry.

Credits: 6 Core Compulsory / Elective

Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 6-0-0

PART-A
Matrices and Differential Equations
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Types of Matrices, Elementary operations on Matrices, Rank of a Matrix, Echelon form of a Matrix, Normal form of a Matrix, Inverse
I of a Matrix by elementary operations, System of linear homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations, Theorems on consistency of a 12
system of linear equations.
Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and characteristic equation of a matrix, Cayley-Hamilton theorem and its use in finding inverse of a matrix,
II Complex functions and separation into real and imaginary parts, Exponential and Logarithmic functions Inverse trigonometric and 11
Hyperbolic functions.
Formation of differential equations, Geometrical meaning of a differential equation, Equation of first order and first degree, Equation
III in which the variables are separable, Homogeneous equations, Exact differential equations and equations reducible to the exact form, 11
Linear equations.
First order higher degree equations solvable for x, y, p, Clairaut’s equation and singular solutions, orthogonal trajectories, Linear
differential equation of order greater than one with constant coefficients, Cauchy-Euler form.
IV 11
 PART-B
Geometry
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
V General equation of second degree, System of conics, Tracing of conics, Confocal conics, Polar equation of conics and its properties. 12
Three-Dimensional Coordinates, Direction Cosines & Ratios, Projections, Planes (Cartesian and vector form), Straight lines in three
VI dimensions. 11

VII Sphere, Cone and Cylinder. 11

Central conicoids, Paraboloids, Plane section of conicoids, Generating lines, Confocal conicoids, Reduction of second degree
VIII equations. 11

e
Suggested Readings(PART-A Matrices and Differential Equations):
1. Stephen H. Friedberg, A. J Insel & L.E. Spence, Linear Algebra, Person.
2. B. Rai, D.P. Choudhary & H. J. Freedman, A Course in Differential Equations, Narosa.
3. D.A. Murray, Introductory Course in Differential Equations, Orient Longman.
4. A. C. Yadav, Matrices & Linear Algebra with GAP, Educreation Publishing.
5. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs.
6. M. D. Rai Singhania, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations, S. Chand Pub.
7. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.
Suggested Readings (Part-B Geometry):
1. Robert J. T. Bell, Elementary Treatise on Coordinate Geometry of three dimensions, Macmillan India Ltd.

2. P. R. Vittal, Analytical Geometry 2d & 3D, Pearson.

3. S. Narayan & P. K. Mittal, 3-dimensional Geometry, S. Chand.

4. S. L. Loney, The Elements of Coordinate Geometry, McMillan and Company, London.

5. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs.

6. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), Economics(UG/PG), Commerce(UG), BBA/BCA,
B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation/ Research Orientation assignment 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have subject Mathematics in class 12 th
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
B.A./B.Sc. II (MATHEMATICS)

Detailed Syllabus For

DIPLOMA

IN
MATHEMATICS
 B.A. / B.Sc. II (SEMESTER-III) PAPER-I Algebra & Mathematical Methods
Semester: Third
Programme: Diploma
Year: Second
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030301T Course Title: Algebra &Mathematical Methods
Course outcomes:
CO1: Group theory is one of the building blocks of modern algebra. Objective of this course is to introduce students to basic concepts of Group, Ring theory
and their properties.
CO2: A student learning this course gets a concept of Group, Ring, Integral Domain and their properties. This course will lead the student to basic course in
advanced mathematics and Algebra.
CO3: The course gives emphasis to enhance student’s knowledge of functions of two variables, Laplace Transforms, Fourier Series.
CO4: On successful completion of the course students should have knowledge about higher different mathematical methods and will help him in going for
higher studies and research.
Credits: 6 Core Compulsory / Elective
Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 6-0-0

Part- A
Algebra
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Introduction to Indian ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians should be included under Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE).
I Equivalence relations and partitions, Congruence modulo n, Definition of a group with examples and simple properties, Subgroups, 12
Generators of a group, Cyclic groups.

II Permutation groups, Even and odd permutations, The alternating group, Cayley’s theorem, Direct products, Coset decomposition, 11
Lagrange’s theorem and its consequences, Fermat’s and Euler’s theorems
Normal subgroups, Quotient groups, Homomorphisms and isomorphisms, Fundamental theorem of homomorphism, Theorems on
III isomorphism. 11

Rings, Subrings, Integral domains and fields, Characteristic of a ring, Ideal and quotient rings, Ring homomorphisms, Quotient field
of an integral domain.
IV 11
 Part- B
Mathematical Methods
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Limit and Continuity of functions of two variables, Differentiation of function of two variables, Necessary and sufficient condition for
I differentiability of functions of two variables, Schwarz’s and Young’s theorem, Taylor's theorem for functions of two variables with 12
examples, Maxima and minima for functions of two variables, Lagrange’s multiplier method, Jacobians.
Existence theorems for Laplace transforms, Linearity of Laplace transform and their properties, Laplace transform of the derivatives
II and integrals of a function, Convolution theorem, Inverse Laplace transforms, Solution of the differential equations using Laplace 11
Transforms.
Fourier series, Fourier expansion of piecewise monotonic functions, Half and full range expansions, Fourier transforms (finite and
III 11
infinite), Fourier integrals.
Calculus of variations: Variational problems with fixed boundaries- Euler's equation for functional containing first order derivative and
one independent variable, Extremals, Functional dependent on higher order derivatives, Functional dependent on more than one
IV 11
independent variable, Variational problems in parametric form.
Suggested Readings(Part-A Algebra):
1. J. B. Fraleigh, A first course in Abstract Algebra, Addison-Wiley.
2. I. N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, John Wiley & Sons.
3. J. A. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra, Fourth edition, Narosa Publishing House.
4. R. Lal, Algebra-1(Group, Rings & Fields), Infosys series of Mathematical Sciences, Springer.
5. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS
6. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.

Suggested Readings (Part- B Mathematical Methods):

1. T. M. Apostal, Mathematical Analysis, Person
2. G. F. Simmons, Differential Equations with Application and Historical Notes, Tata –McGraw Hill
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons.
4. A. S. Gupta, Calculus of Variations, PHI, New Delhi.
5. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
6. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.

This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation/ Research Orientation assignment 5
4 Assignment ( Indian Ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians) 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have subject Mathematics in class 12 th
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B. A. / B. Sc. II (SEMESTER-IV) PAPER-I Differential Equations & Mechanics
Programme: Diploma Semester: Fourth
Year: Second
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030401T Course Title: Differential Equations & Mechanics
Course outcomes:
CO1: The objective of this course is to familiarize the students with various methods of solving differential equations, partial differential equations of first order
and second order and to have qualitative applications.
CO2: A student doing this course is able to solve differential equations and is able to model problems in nature using ordinary differential equations. After
completing this course, a student will be able to take more courses on wave equation, heat equation, diffusion equation, gas dynamics, non-linear evolution
equation etc. These entire courses are important in engineering and industrial applications for solving boundary value problem.
CO3: The object of the paper is to give students knowledge of basic mechanics such as simple harmonic motion, motion under other laws and forces.
CO4: The student, after completing the course can go for higher problems in mechanics such as Hydrodynamics, this will be helpful in getting employment in
industry.

Credits: 6 Core Compulsory / Elective

Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 6-0-0

Part- A
Differential Equations
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients: Use of a known solution to find another, normal form, method of
I 12
undetermined coefficient, variation of parameters, Series solutions of differential equations, Power series method.

II Bessel, Legendre and Hypergeometric functions and their properties, recurrence and generating relations. 11

Origin of first order partial differential equations. Partial differential equations of the first order and degree one, Lagrange's solution,
III Partial differential equation of first order and degree greater than one. Charpit's method of solution, Surfaces Orthogonal to the given 11
system of surfaces.

Origin of second order PDE, Solution of partial differential equations of the second and higher order with constant coefficients,
IV Classification of linear partial differential equations of second order, Solution of second order partial differential equations with 11
variable coefficients, Monge's method of solution.
 Part- B
Mechanics
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
I Frame of reference, work energy principle, Forces in three dimensions, Poinsot's central axis, Wrenches, Null lines and null planes. 12
II Virtual work, Stable and Unstable equilibrium, Catenary, Catenary of uniform string. 11
Velocities and accelerations along radial and transverse directions, and along tangential and normal directions, Simple Harmonic
III motion, Motion under other laws of forces. Elastic strings, Motion in resisting medium, Constrained motion, Motion on smooth and 11
rough plane curves.
Motion of particles of varying mass & Rocket motion, Central orbit, Kepler's laws of motion, Motion of particle in three dimensions,
IV Rotating frame of reference, Rotating earth, Acceleration in terms of different coordinate systems. 11

Suggested Readings(Part-A Differential Equations):

1. G.F. Simmons, Differential Equations with Application and Historical Notes, Tata –McGraw Hill
2. B. Rai, D. P. Choudhary & H. J. Freedman, A Course of Ordinary Differential Equations, Narosa
3. Ian N. Snedden, Elements of Partial Differential Equations, Dover Publication
4. L. E. Elsgolts, Differential Equation and Calculus of variations, University Press of the Pacific.
5. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs.
6. M. D. Rai Singhania, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations, S. Chand Pub.
7. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.

Suggested Readings(Part-B Mechanics):

1. R.C. Hibbeler, Engineering Mechanics-Statics, Prentics Hall Publishers
2. R. C. Hibbeler, Engineering Mechanics-Dynamics, Prentice Hall Publishers
3. A. Nelson, Engineering Mechanics Statics and Dynamics, Tata McGraw Hill
4. M. Ray, A text book on Dynamics, S. Chand
5. F. Charlton, A text book of Dynamics, CBS Publisher.
6. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
7. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.

This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), Economics(UG/PG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation/ Research Orientation assignment 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Certificate Course in Applied Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
B.A. /B.Sc. III (MATHEMATICS)
Detailed Syllabus For

DEGREE
IN
MATHEMATICS
 B.A./B.Sc. III (SEMESTER-V) PAPER-I Group and Ring Theory & Linear Algebra
Programme: Degree Semester: Fifth
Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics

Course Code: B030501T Course Title: Group and Ring Theory & Linear Algebra

Course outcomes:

CO1: Linear algebra is a basic course in almost all branches of science. The objective of this course is to introduce a student to the basics of linear algebra

and some of its applications.

CO2: The student will use this knowledge in computer science, finance mathematics, industrial mathematics and Bio mathematics. After completion of this

Course students appreciate its interdisciplinary nature.

Credits: 5 Core Compulsory / Elective

Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:

Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 5-0-0

PART-A

Group and Ring Theory

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Introduction to Indian ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians should be included under Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE).
Automorphisms, inner automorphisms, Automorphism groups, Automorphism groups of finite and infinite cyclic groups,
I 10
Characteristic subgroups, Commutator subgroup and its properties; Applications of factor groups to automorphism groups.

Conjugacy classes, The class equation, p-groups, The Sylow’s theorems and its consequences, Applications of Sylow’s theorems;
II Finite simple groups, Non-simplicity tests; Generalized Cayley’s theorem, Index theorem, Embedding theorem and applications. 10

Polynomial rings over commutative rings, Division algorithm and consequences, Principal ideal domains (PID), Factorization of
III 9
polynomials, Reducibility tests, Irreducibility tests, Eisenstein’s criterion, Unique factorization in Z[x] (UFD).

IV Divisibility in integral domains, Irreducible, Primes, Unique factorization domains, Euclidean domains (ED), Relation between UFD, 9
PID & ED.
 PART-B

Linear Algebra

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

V Vector spaces, Subspaces, Linear independence and dependence of vectors, Basis and Dimension, Quotient space. 10

VI Linear transformations, The Algebra of linear transformations, Rank & Nullity of Linear Transformations, rank-nullity theorem, 9
Representation of Linear transformations as matrices, Effect of change of bases.
VII Linear functionals, Dual space, characteristic values of linear transformations, Cayley-Hamilton theorem. 9

Inner product spaces and norms, Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, Orthogonal vectors, Orthonormal sets and bases, Bessel’s inequality for

VIII finite dimensional spaces, Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process, Bilinear and Quadratic forms. 9

Suggested Readings:
1. J. B. Fraleigh, A first course in Abstract Algebra, Addison-Wiley.
2. I. N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, John Wiley & Sons.
3. J. Rotman, Group Theory, Springer
4. J. A. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra, Fourth edition, Narosa Publishing House.
5. T. S. Blyth & Robertson, Basic Linear Algebra, Springer.
6. A. C. Yadav, Matrices and Linear Algebra with GAP, Educreation Publication.
7. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
8. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), BCA, B.Sc.(C.S.)

Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25

SN Assessment Type Max. Marks

1 Class Tests 10

2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5

3 Presentation 5

4 Assignment ( Indian Ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians) 5

Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Diploma in Mathematics

Suggested equivalent online courses:

Further Suggestions:
 B. A. / B. Sc. III (SEMESTER-V) PAPER-II (i) Number Theory & Game Theory
Programme: Degree Semester: Sixth
Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030502T Course Title: Number Theory & Game Theory
Course outcomes:
CO1: Upon successful completion, students will have the knowledge and skills to solve problems in elementary number theory and also apply elementary
number theory to cryptography.
CO2: This course provides an introduction to Game Theory. Game Theory is a mathematical framework which makes possible the analysis of the decision
making process of interdependent subjects. It is aimed at explaining and predicting how individuals behave in a specific strategic situation, and therefore
help improve decision making.
CO3: A situation is strategic if the outcome of a decision problem depends on the choices of more than one person. Most decision problems in real life are
strategic.
CO4: To illustrate the concepts, real-world examples, case studies, and classroom experiments might be used.

Credits: 5 Core Compulsory / Elective

Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 5-0-0

Part- A
Number Theory

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Theory of Numbers
I Divisibility; Euclidean algorithm; primes; congruences; Fermat’s theorem, Euler’s theorem and Wilson’s theorem; Fermat’s quotients 10
and their elementary consequences; solutions of congruences; Chinese remainder theorem; Euler’s phi-function.
Congruences
Congruence modulo powers of prime; primitive roots and their existence; quadratic residues; Legendre symbol, Gauss’ lemma about
II 9
Legendre symbol; quadratic reciprocity law; proofs of various formulations; Jacobi symbol.
Diophantine Equations
Solutions of ax + by = c, 𝑥𝑛 + 𝑦𝑛 = 𝑧𝑛; properties of Pythagorean triples; sums of two, four and five squares; assorted examples of
III 9
diophantine equations.
Generating Functions and Recurrence Relations
Generating Function Models, Calculating coefficient of generating functions, Partitions, Exponential Generating Functions, A Summa-
IV tion Method. Recurrence Relations: Recurrence Relation Models, Divide and conquer Relations, Solution of Linear, Recurrence Rela- 9
tions, Solution of Inhomogeneous Recurrence Relations, Solutions with Generating Functions.
 Part- B
Game Theory
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Introduction, overview, uses of game theory, some applications and examples, and formal definitions of: the normal form, payoffs,
V 10
strategies, pure strategy Nash equilibrium.

VI Introduction, characteristic of game theory, Two- person zero-sum game, Pure and Mixed strategies, Saddle point and its existence. 10

Fundamental Theorem of Rectangular games, Concept of Dominance, Dominance and Graphical method of solving Rectangular
VII games. 9

Relationship between rectangular game and Linear Programming Problem, Solving rectangular game by Simplex method, reduction of
VIII 𝑚 × 𝑛 game and solution of 2 × 2, 2 × s, and r × 2 cases by graphical method, algebraic and linear programming solution of m×n 9
games.

Suggested Readings (Part-A Number Theory ):

1. Niven, I., Zuckerman, H. S. and Montegomery, H. L. (2003) An Int. to the Theory of Numbers (6th edition) John Wiley and sons, Inc., New York.
2. Burton, D. M. (2002) Elementary Number Theory (4th edition) Universal Book Stall, New Delhi.
3. Balakrishnan, V. K. (1994) Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Combinatorics Including Concepts of Graph Theory, Schaum’s Outline.
4. Balakrishnan,V. K. (1996) Introductory Discrete Mathematics, Dover Publications.
5. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
6. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.

Suggested Readings (Part-B Game Theory):

1. Martin Osborne, An Introduction to Game Theory, Oxford University Press, 2003
2. Vijay Krishna, Game Theory, Academic Press.
3. Prajit Dutta, Strategies and Games, MIT Press, (Website 1) http://www.ece.stevens-tech.edu/~ccomanic/ee800c.html
5. Allan MacKenzie, Game Theory for Wireless Engineers, Synthesis lectures on Communications, 2006
6. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS
7. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Diploma in Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B.A./B.Sc. III (SEMESTER-V) PAPER-II (ii) Graph Theory & Discrete Mathematics
Programme: Degree Semester: Sixth
Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030502T Course Title: Graph Theory & Discrete Mathematics
Course outcomes:
CO1: Upon successful completion, students will have the knowledge of various types of graphs, their terminology and applications.
CO2: After Successful completion of this course students will be able to understand the isomorphism and homomorphism of graphs. This course covers the
basic concepts of graphs used in computer science and other disciplines. The topics include path, circuits, adjacency matrix, tree, coloring.. After successful
completion of this course the student will have the knowledge graph coloring, color problem, vertex coloring.
CO3: After successful completion, students will have the knowledge of Logic gates, Karnaugh maps and skills to proof by using truth tables. After
Successful completion of this course students will be able to apply the basics of the automation theory, transition function and table.
CO4: This course covers the basic concepts of discrete mathematics used in computer science and other disciplines that involve formal reasoning. The topics
include logic, counting, relations, Hasse diagram and Boolean algebra. After successful completion of this course the student will have the knowledge in
Mathematical reasoning, combinatorial analysis, discrete structures and Applications.
Credits: 5 Core Compulsory / Elective
Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 5-0-0

Part- A
Graph Theory

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Introduction to graphs, basic properties of graphs, Simple graph, multi graph, graph terminology, representation of graphs, Bipartite,
I regular, planar and connected graphs, connected components in a graph, Euler graphs, Directed, Undirected, multi-graph, mixed graph. 10

Walk and unilateral components, unicursal graph, Hamiltonian path and circuits, Graph colouring, chromatics number, isomorphism
II and homomorphism of graphs, Incidence relation and degree of the graph. 9

Operation of graph circuit, Path and circuits, Eulerian circuits, Hamiltonian path and cycles, Adjacency matrix, Weighted graph,
III Travelling salesman problem, Shortest path, Dijkstra’s algorithm. 9

IV
Tree, Binary and Spanning trees, Coloring, Color problems, Vertex coloring and important properties.
9
 Part- B
Discrete Mathematics
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Propositional Logic- Proposition logic, basic logic, logical connectives, truth tables, tautologies, contradiction, normal forms (conjunc-
tive and disjunctive), modus ponens and modus tollens, validity, predicate logic, universal and existential quantification, proof by impli-
V cation, converse, inverse contrapositive, contradiction, direct proof by using truth table. 10

Relation- Definition, types of relation, domain and range of a relation, pictorial representation of relation, properties of relation, partial
ordering relation, Hasse diagram.
VI Boolean Algebra- Basic definitions, Sum of products and products of sums, Logic gates and Karnaugh maps. 10

Combinatorics- Inclusion- exclusion, recurrence relations (nth order recurrence relation with constant coefficients, Homogeneous
VII recurrence relations, Inhomogeneous recurrence relations), generating function (closed form expression, properties of G.F., solution of 9
recurrence relations using G.F. solution of combinatorial problem using G.F.)
VIII Finite Automata- Basic concepts of automation theory, Deterministic Finite Automation (DFA), transition function, transition table, 9
Non Deterministic Finite Automata (NDFA), Mealy and Moore machine, Minimization of finite automation.
Suggested Readings (Part-A Graph Theory):
1. N. Deo, Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and Computer Science.
2. D. B West, Introduction to Graph Theory.
3. S. S. Ray , Graph Theory with Algorithms and Its Applications: In Applied Science and Technology.
4. A. C. Yadav, Elements of Discrete Mathematics, Golden Valley Publication.
5. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
6. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.
Suggested Readings (Part-B Discrete Mathematics):
1. C. L. Liu, Discrete Mathematics, Mc Graw Hill.
2. Trembley and Manohar, Discrete Mathematics with computer application.
3. K. H. Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, Mc Graw Hill.
4. R. Garnier & J. Taylor, Discrete Mathematics A new Technology, IOP Publishing, London.
5. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS.
6. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Diploma in Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B.A./B.Sc. III (SEMESTER-V) PAPER-II (iii) Differential Geometry & Tensor Analysis
Programme: Degree Semester: Sixth
Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030502T Course Title: Differential Geometry & Tensor Analysis
Course outcomes:

CO1: After Successful completion of this course, students should be able to determine and calculate curvature of curves in different coordinate systems.

CO2: This course covers the Local theory of Curves, Local theory of surfaces, Geodesics, Geodesics curvature, Geodesic polars, Curvature of curves on sur-
faces, Gaussian curvature, Normal curvature etc.

CO3: After Successful completion of this course, students should have the knowledge of tensor algebra, different types of tensors, Riemannian space, Ricci
tensor, Einstein space and Einstein tensor etc.

Credits: 5 Core Compulsory / Elective

Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 5-0-0

Part- A
Differential Geometry

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Local theory of curves-Space curves, Examples, Plane Curves, tangent and normal and binormal, Osculating Plane, normal plane and
rectifying plane, Osculating circle, osculating sphere Helices, Serret-Frenet apparatus, contact between curve and surfaces, tangent sur-
I faces, involutes and evolutes of curves, Bertrand curves, Intrinsic equations, fundamental existence theorem for space curves. 10
Local Theory of Surfaces- Parametric patches on surface curve of a surface, family of surfaces (one parameter), edge of regression,
II rues surfaces, skew ruled surfaces and developable surfaces, surfaces of revolution, Helicoids. 9
Metric-first fundamental form and arc length, Direction coefficients, families of curves, intrinsic properties, geodesics, canonical geo-
desic equations, normal properties of geodesics, geodesics curvature, Geodesic polars.
III 9
Gauss-Bonnet theorem, curvature of curves on surfaces, Gaussian curvature, normal curvature, Meusneir’s theorem, mean curvature,
Gaussian curvature, umbilic points, lines of curvature, Rodrigue’s formula, Euler’s theorem.
IV 9
 Part- B
Tensor Analysis
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

V Tensor algebra: Vector spaces, the dual spaces, tensor product of vector spaces, transformation formulae, contraction, special tensors- 10
symmetric tensor, inner product, associated tensor with examples.
Tensor Analysis: Contravariant and covariant vectors and tensors, Mixed tensors, Symmetric and skew-symmetric tensors, Algebra of
VI tensors, Contraction and inner product, Quotient theorem, Reciprocal tensors, Christoffel’s symbols, Law of transformation of 10
Christoffel’s symbols, Covariant differentiation, non- commutativity of Covariant derivative.
Gradient of scalars, Divergence of a contravariant vector, covariant vector and conservative vectors, Laplacian of an invariant, curl of a
VII covariant vector, irrotational vector, with examples. 9
Riemannian space, Riemannian curvatures and their properties, geodesics, geodesic curvature, geometrical interpretation of curvature
VIII tensor, Ricci tensor, scalar curvature, Einstein space and Einstein tensor. 9
Suggested Readings (Part-A Differential Geometry):
1. T.J. Willmore, An Introduction to Differential Geometry, Dover Publications, 2012.
2. B. O’Neill, Elementary Differential Geometry, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, 2006.
3. C.E. Weatherburn, Differential Geometry of Three Dimensions, Cambridge University Press 2003.
4. D.J. Struik, Lectures on Classical Differential Geometry, Dover Publications, 1988.
5. S. Lang, Fundamentals of Differential Geometry, Springer, 1999.
6. B. Spain, Tensor Calculus: A Concise Course, Dover Publications, 2003.
7. An Introduction to Differential Geometry (with the use of tensor Calculus), L. P. Eisenhart, Princeton University Press, 1940.
8. Tensor Analysis, Theory and Applications to Geometry and Mechanics of Continua, 2nd Edition, I. S. Sokolnikoff, John Wiley and Sons., 1964.
9. D. Somasundaram, Differential Geometry: A First Course, Alpha Science International.
10. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
11. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.

Suggested Readings (Part-B Tensor Analysis):

1. Tensors- Mathematics of Differential Geometry by Z. Ahsan, PHI,2015
2. David C. Kay, Tensor Analysis, Schaum's Outline Series, McGraw Hill 1988.
3. R. S, Mishra, A Course in Tensors with Applications to Reimannian Geometry, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd, Allahabad.
4. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS
5. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Diploma in Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B.A./B.Sc. III (SEMESTER-VI) PAPER-I METRIC SPACES & COMPLEX ANALYSIS

Programme: Degree Semester: Sixth

Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030601T Course Title: METRIC SPACES & COMPLEX ANALYSIS
Course outcomes:
CO1: The course is aimed at exposing the students to foundations of analysis which will be useful in understanding various physical phenomena and gives the
student the foundation in mathematics.
CO2: After completion of this course the student will have rigorous and deeper understanding of fundamental concepts in Mathematics. This will be helpful to
the student in understanding pure mathematics and in research.
The student will be able to solve various problems based on linear programming. After successful completion of this paper will enable the students to apply
the basic concepts of operations research.

Credits: 4 Core Compulsory / Elective

Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:

Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 4-0-0

Part- A
Metric Spaces
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Basic Concepts
I Metric spaces: Definition and examples, Sequences in metric spaces, Cauchy sequences, Complete metric space. 8

Topology of Metric Spaces

II Open and closed balls, Neighborhoods, Open sets, Interior of a set, limit points of a set, derived sets, closed sets, closure of a set, 8
diameter of a set, Cantor’s intersection theorem, Subspaces, Dense set.
Continuity & Uniform Continuity in Metric Spaces
III Continuous mappings, Sequential criterion and other characterizations of continuity, Uniform continuity, Homeomorphisms, 7
Contraction mappings, Banach fixed point theorem.
Connectedness and Compactness
Connectedness, Connected subsets of a metric space, Connectedness and continuous mappings, Compactness, Compactness and
IV 7
boundedness, Continuous functions on compact spaces.
 Part- B
Complex Analysis
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Analytic Functions and Cauchy-Riemann Equations
Functions of complex variable, Mappings; Mappings by the exponential function, Limits, Theorems on limits, Limits involving the
V point at infinity, Continuity, Derivatives, Differentiation formulae, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Sufficient conditions for 8
differentiability; Analytic functions and their examples. Milne-Thompson method.
Elementary Functions and Integrals
VI Exponential function, Logarithmic function, Branches and derivatives of logarithms, Trigonometric function. Derivatives of these 8
functions, Definite integrals of functions, Contours, Contour integrals and its examples, Upper bounds for moduli of contour integrals.
Cauchy’s Theorems and Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
VII Anti-derivatives, Proof of Anti-derivative theorem, Cauchy-Goursat theorem, Cauchy integral formula; an extension of Cauchy 7
integral formula, Consequences of Cauchy integral formula, Liouville’s theorem and the fundamental theorem of algebra.
Series and Residues
Convergence of sequences and series, Taylor series and its examples; Laurent series and its examples, Absolute and Uniform
VIII convergence of power series, Uniqueness of series representations of power series, Zeros & types of singularities, Residues at poles 7
and its examples, Residues, Cauchy’s residue theorem, residue at infinity.
Suggested Readings (Part-A Metric Space):
1. S. Kumaresan, Topology of Metric Spaces (2nd ed.). Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi, 2014.
2. P. K. Jain & K. Ahmad, Metric Space, PHI, India.
3. Shirali, Satish & Vasudeva, H. L. (2009). Metric Spaces, Springer, First Indian Print.
4. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS.
5.Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.
Suggested Readings (Part-B Complex Analysis):
1. Brown & Churchill , Complex variable and applications
2. S. Ponnusamy, Foundation of Complex Analysis, Narosa Publishing House.
3. T. W. Gamelin, Complex Analysis, Springer.
4. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS.
5. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Diploma in Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B.A./B.Sc. III (SEMESTER-VI) PAPER-II Numerical Analysis & Operations Research
Programme: Degree Semester: Sixth
Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030602T Course Title: Numerical Analysis & Operations Research
Course outcomes:
CO1: The aim of this course is to teach the student the application of various numerical technique for variety of problems occurring in daily life. At the end of
the course the student will be able to understand the basic concept of Numerical Analysis and to solve algebraic and differential equation.
CO2: The main outcome will be that students will be able to handle problems and finding approximated solution. Later he can opt for advance course in
Numerical Analysis in higher Mathematics.
CO3: The student will be able to solve various problems based on linear programming. After successful completion of this paper will enable the students to
apply the basic concepts of operations research.
Credits: 4 Core Compulsory / Elective
Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 4-0-0

PART-A
Numerical Analysis
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Solution of equations: bisection, Secant, Regula-Falsi, Newton-Raphson’s method, Newton’s method for multiple roots, Interpolation,
I 8
Lagrange and Hermite interpolation, Difference schemes, Divided differences, Interpolation formula using differences.

Numerical differentiation, Numerical Quadrature: Newton Cotes Formulas, Gaussian Quadrature Formulas, System of Linear
equations: Direct method for solving systems of linear equations (Gauss elimination, LU Decomposition, Cholesky Decomposition),
II 8
Iterative methods (Jacobi, Gauss Seidel, Relaxation methods). The Algebraic Eigenvalue problems: Jacobi’s method, Givens method,
Power method.

Numerical solution of Ordinary differential equations: Euler method, single step methods, Runge-Kutta method, Multi-step methods:
III Milne-Simpson method, Types of approximation: Least Square polynomial approximation, Uniform approximation, Chebyshev 7
polynomial approximation.

Difference Equations and their solutions, Shooting method and Difference equation method for solving second linear order differential
IV equation with boundary conditions of first, second and third type. 7
 PART-B

Operations Research
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Introduction, Linear programming problems, statement and formation of general linear programming problems, graphical method,
V 8
Slack and surplus variables, standard and matrix forms of linear programming problem, basic feasible solution.
Convex sets, fundamental theorem of linear programming, basic solution, Simplex method, introduction to artificial variables, two
VI 8
phase method Big-M method and their comparison.
Resolution of degeneracy, duality in linear programming problems, primal dual relationships, revised simplex method.
VII 7

VIII Sensitivity analysis, Transportation problems, assignment problems. 7

Suggested Readings(Part-A Numerical Analysis):
1. M. K. Jain, S. R. K. Iyengar & R. K. Jain, Numerical Methods for Engineering and scientific computation, New Age Int. Publisher.
2. S. S. Sastry, Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis,
3. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
4.Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.
Suggested Readings(Part-B Operation Research):
1. Taha, Hamdy H, "Operations Research- An Introduction ", Pearson Education.
2. Gupta, Prem Kumar, Initials, " Operations Research", Chand (S) & Co Ltd, India
3. Kanti Swaroop, P. K. Gupta & Manmohan, Operations Research, S. Chand.
4. Hillier Frederick S and Lieberman Gerald J., “Operations Research”, McGraw Hill Publication.
5. Winston Wayne L., “Operations Research: Applications and Algorithms”, Cengage Learning, 4th Edition.
6. Hira D.S. and Gupta Prem Kumar, “Problems in Operations Research: Principles and Solutions”, S Chand & Co Ltd.
7. Suggested digital plate form: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs.
8. Course Books (text/reference) published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities at local levels.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), Economics(UG/PG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Certificate Course in Applied Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions:
 B. A. / B. Sc. III (SEMESTER-VI) PAPER-III Practical
Programme: Degree Semester: Sixth
Year: Third
Class: B.A./B.Sc.
Subject: Mathematics
Course Code: B030603P Course Title: Practical
Course outcomes:
The main objective of the course is to equip the student to solve the transcendental and algebraic equations, system of linear equations, ordinary differential
equations, Interpolation, Numerical Integration, Method of finding Eigenvalue by Power method (up to 4 × 4 ), Fitting a Polynomial Function (up to third
degree).
Credits: 2 Core Compulsory / Elective
Max. Marks: 25+75 Min. Passing Marks:
Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): L-T-P: 0-0-4
No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Practical / Lab work to be performed in Computer Lab.
List of the practical’s to be done using computer algebra software (CAS), for example /Python/MATHEMATICA /MATLAB
/MAPLE/ MAXIMA/SCILAB etc
1. Solution of transcendental and algebraic equations by
i) Bisection method
ii) Newton-Raphson method (Simple root, multiple roots, complex roots).
iii) Secant method.
iv) Regula-Falsi method.
2. Solution of system of linear equations
i) LU decomposition method
ii) Gaussian elimination method
iii) Gauss-Jacobi method
iv) Gauss-Seidel method
3. Interpolation
i) Lagrange Interpolation
ii) Newton’s forward, backward and divided difference interpolations
4. Numerical Integration
i) Trapezoidal Rule
ii) Simpson’s one third rule
iii) Weddle’s Rule
iv) Gauss Quadrature
5. Method of finding Eigenvalue by Power method (up to 4 × 4 )
6. Fitting a Polynomial Function (up to third degree)
 7. Solution of ordinary differential equations
i) Euler method
ii) Modified Euler method
iii) Runge-Kutta method (order 4)
(iv) The method of successive approximations (Picard)
Suggested Readings:
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects: Engg. and Tech. (UG), Economics(UG/PG), B.Sc.(C.S.)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods: Max. Marks: 25
SN Assessment Type Max. Marks
1 Class Tests 10
2 Online Quizzes/ Objective Tests 5
3 Presentation 5
4 Assignment 5
Course prerequisites: To study this course, a student must have Certificate Course in Applied Mathematics
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Further Suggestions: