unit-5 L-)
Electomaqneie un Bopogatian :
The mjor aim of this unit 5, isto stue Masuells
and desebe motion af EM ceus c fallsurg
guatas
medium.
a) Free space loo, E-Eo, A=]
) Lasles diekctucs oo, E- &Eo,
)lassy dielestucs [ato, EE= ér Ea, ere
d) Gaad conductors No, E-lo, prto, ouE
shere is the
Waue Popatin io Lasy dielectuas!
asy oidectue is meim eo ohich an EM
wawe, as it ppgas, ases powen beuse df in pr fott
dietue:
paitaty corcucig mediem as ofo.
Consicen a Lincan, sstape, hamagenexs, asy
Cieloctuc med'em that is chæge frce [eu zo]
Maxwells eguatias -with appressi the time
Jest Raue
factor
V - Hs o
Ot
Jt
both bles ee
Takig
we Kro the vztar cantily
v x ) = vA)- and Rene
Es
-jon x Hs Lby
by
- =jwn jwe] Es
:-Es whare
wReve jwu CotjuoE)is callhd tka
=juu
propgatian cnstant.
8tmibn manmen H Hfalbl can be dlorivda
Vecar ceee
vector Helmholtz galin
Popaztoo castant
caitend
cmpkx qantly 'e f=jwp(toe)
Aso et
cee taue.
Sowg these t e aboe egitns
+I
dAtonuatan constant B: phasecnstant.
SOution for wnue eyatan!
aralyis.
ee asSune that the wue Prepagatu
along taz and tht
that the feld Es fes
Ras anly an - mpatr
then,
Subititienq thcs is tha waue eqetän.
(z) = o
Hena Ex )
+
equates
Ld
The soitian for alse liban, kagenanu,
dufferential, scala we
Exs Z) = Eoe
dosactn
As e dertes ve tiauellirrg ang
and ewe Rod the etempian of alrg diekey
/
tho econd tom Eo e
Exa (z) = £o e
the time Bcty t
Incldinq
Tneludng
85lutan
Jeot
E(z.t) =RPExsz)
e
ttis)z
E2.t) = RPL Ee e e
A
£2t) = Eoe Cos (uot - B). aa
\.tt4t
E2, tt4t)
EZt)
By taking simien steps ard steing
eqpatian ceve stain aatin far Hz) a
H (Z,t) = Ho e Cas(tp). y 8)
e soltia to qpution
Eqyatins ard (8
Pane aues in ree Spae:
A=Mo Sbitt
In frae space
f pane
these cnditiay in qeneral eatin
ieectics, wo haue.
waues df lossy
B 0Voa
light
This pravdes evsena tht light
Trtiensie in pena 9=2o
H = Ho Cost-Bz) y
H cas (ot-Bz) y
and dinection of prapgatin [a
otgnal to each other Zt can be
.Ahaon thut
Plane wawes in Lassles ielectucs'
In a
losles lialectve,
the abe conditions en the geneal
Suttithuti sliekobics
qatins of plane eues
we
d ard B
silatuttin
become&
Aso intinsic iopebne y=
tjwE
hey.
Hene E and H are in time phese cwith ench
E(Z*) = Eo e Casot -Bz). ard
HZt) = Ha e z cas (st- Bz) y
Plane wes in Giaod canductors
In a god canducter
Sulstututing these cadi lis io agton r
attenutian cstant ad phase Gnilant Be hae
co
Jntunsie cn ptn ce be cemes
Thus E loads H by 4s°.
Cos lut -pB) and
Eo e Cas(ot-B 249
Eo
Ekt)
o:37 Eo
>Dìrecten f ae
Popyaten
bshir dapth
Pouen ound Toyting Vecta
Using EM wze, can be trasmited
enegy
fon ene poist to Rate df
anotho point.
tanspored can be abtained from Maxunls
equatn.
Fardjs aw and amperes las
at
aking cdot poduct with E a both sdes f
E-(TH) = Â+ E-[£
V(Axe) = B(VxA)- A-(8)
Bx4) = Ax8) + A-XB)
Henee B becmes let AzH and B=e)
E (vx) = H.(xE) + vHxE) =
Dottin both ds f wrth H cwe
-H(
At )
d.
Sutstittng the above ulue in
Ke rgingte tons
VExn) -*2()-
t
eE*.
Taking the wotume eote both
Appying dvpra terem to ta latt ad sd
gEn)ds = at V
ate of deeraye oRmie.
the eteme nerergy stosed in power
lewig dispati
This eqiton termad as Faitings theorem.
The quantly ExH on the left fond sie f to
equatian is knaon as Toynting vector 'p'
watls pen squr mebn Cw/]. thut 'u
P=EKH
Thes represonts the instantaneous p n oensy
asociatad coth EM feld t a en point. The
integatia of eting etar n any casd seorfa
swrf.
the net powen flaoig at of tht
fayting thesen
uon flowing t of
statas thut the net
udume 'V s eqpal to tho tim ete of
gven
stored wrtho Vvolene
docrease in the enegy
mins tha ahnie loses
ineident, (, directin
narmaly inowd.
media
twodepenols
transmitle and pantly a
Iwe Incedent
wae:
then
oifferent
H, Let plane
when a Reflecon
suppres
(EL, txansmited.
yeflected Es) onrom
His Hi)
plane wD medim, Sncilena
The the
Cz) is
the of
= trauelling and medium
beundry
Hio subsept The a
ime it wnve
from Pare
e transi is
tador alangtz proparton pwtly
prpgalirg
aong (z-) I
ay ay tted Co
and taz , one
, df vefected
of
wwaes t naml at
asung io denote E)
medium
ineioeit reflec medimmat
madiun and
that tad
2
1
s (97,e,.)
Medium1
Reflectd flectdRe
Tn If mittbat
Trans
cwae Ei. whee
(Ee, Ex (E, Incident
cewa
He
of alU Hts HtCz
o Ets He) and Exs Hrs Exs H) Hr
t, abve Cz) Cz Er
z) js Et is iswae'.
asumd = tavelin
=
ualns, trauelling
Eto taue
Hro Eyo
ct
-az
e
e ame e
e
ed to
nd Eio, alng polari
ztion be ax along
1anmitted
caue
mi Ero, tto.e = taz alog then, -az Ht Ha(,
£s), -13 2.
Meoliem
then ^Et
and in Q to
td
td Eto medim mediem]
ay
ane
c 2
ks
and This
piescn madum
Simpl1tgg fodsTequine tangental
At
atzo Ce As Medius
the
the Ea: Et E 2
Et must
(o) thl eoten comprues
Eio Eto
to wave Ei 1
Ero abue t be the bountny
face
compises
t
s
Er(o) traswore, Er
;
contnuous
Eltan
Etan tangenll tanmittd
ezatins zo,
h and
the incidlen
Ha= Ht
oeftcean)
nsmisson
I : Ee HitHyH,=
and cafhciod)
vefecton = o) compnens
kondoy normal E
feld
fo cemponent and
ad
ne Eio 3 H
re Eto Hitan fiobl
veflkted
n ad tEro condtns
=
Ha of
Eio
Ete = tan E foby
bs Eeo ard entraly
wehea at
H
Case 1
combinas is RencAnd
But
standng A transmi
Stmilaly
Es Mediumn
Medium Nomal
qal ted.(Eaco).
wrth
waues
Es Es incidont Inciclence
H:2 Er Eio
t e 2 1
=d Esmnitucde n s is
- tandsand is
perfet por
Eio Eio aj Eid
Eie+ ene Thetotalty fedt at
Eio o
.
siopZ. S
Cs coß
totally dielectue
canductor
SioBz. nth cs torefletd Phne
BZ. form
Sicot.a Ero ciciolent conductre
t eax ntreflecta
ard
(9;
treel.stadi oà:
we o)
co)
burctryl
Refleczd
wave Case 'D
(Himee ta
Stanig e Occws at Haeow,
Jtampi
and
antds but
the
be
(Hmin Tha the thene
Zin menimum ahoon that
(E)mis -BZmnn)A enadent
u
otio tht
an dlio
s
calld tio'
of ualues nottsansmted
a ard
|Hilmin
|Hilac (Ea equl
the of| refketed
stardig E) in thoe a
1-jr |+ tolElm 4
orceoT mgnitda. ve
ceUeaieS) n=, .2 haueveses in
medim
starding
e),2 n.
2.
