SAP Functional - SD
SAP Functional - SD
OTC cycle
Inquiry:-
Walmart(Buyer) wants to purchase some laptops from Dell
company,they will raise a RFI(Request for Information) to Dell.
Dell in return will file a Inquiry, that will contain details like
Quantity, start date, price etc.This will generate a Inquiry
number which we will send it to the buyer.
Quotation:-
After an inquiry is send to Walmart, if Walmart agrees with the
inquiry they request for a Quotation from Dell wrt inquiry number.
Inquiry vs Quotation
Inquiry
Informal
No Terms and condition/promises
Quotation
Formal
Terms and condition(adhered to legally)
Validity dates
Presales
Inquiry(VA11):-
VA11 | Logistics>Sales and Distribution>Sales>Inquiry>Create
Initial screen> Inquiry type, Org data(Sales Org, Distribution
channel, Division)
Overview > S2P, S2P, Item overview(Material, Qty)
Quotation(VA21)
VA21| Logistics>Sales and Distribution>Sales>Quotation >Create
Initial screen> Quotation type, Org data(Sales Org,
Distribution channel, Division)
>> Create with reference > Inquiry, copy, validity(to, from dates)
SO Hands On:-
VA01 | Logistics>Sales and Distribution>Sales>Order >Create
Initial screen> Order type, Org data(Sales Org, Distribution
channel, Division)
>> Create with reference > Quotation, copy, validity(to, from
dates)>Save
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VA03 – Display Document > Document Flow
Delivery:- 21/11
Del creation date,
Types – Picking, Packing(optional), PGI
1. Picking – Goods are picked and loaded from the inventory
2. PGI(Post Goods issue) - Goods are accounted for.
Hands-on:-
Delivery from Order number
VA01 > sales document > Deliver
Error:-
Fix:- Goto VA02 > Select line item > Schedule line items
Copy the date
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Header > Sales Document > Deliver > Change dates(future date)
Delivery create|Overview = Picking tab > Del Qty = Picked Qty;
PGI>Save> 800..
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Billing(Invoice):-
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Customer Master:-
Sales Data = VD01
Finance Data = FD01
General view =
VD01_CreateCustomer >
Initial screen
Account group – 000,1Customer - 56789
Sales Area – sales org, Dist chn, Div
General data =
Address
Contact person
Sales area data =
sales- customer group, currency,
shipping - shipping conditions, order combination, max partial
deliveries, over del. Tolerance, complete delivery
Billing – invoice dates, invoice list dates, incoterms, tax
classification
Save
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Customer,Company code >>
Account management = recon. Account(given by fico cons)
3>Field Changes
VD02> do some changes> save
VD02 > environment > account changes > all fields (we will get all
inf here about the changes)
4>Additional Data
Extras> additional data
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Hover over a field > F1 > technical information > field name(find
out)
Cmod>Goto>Text enhancements>keywords>Change(field name)
Material Master
Lifecycle – creation, changes, transaction, discontinued(archived)
Departments – Sales, Purchasing, Quality, MRP(plans how many
items needs to be manufactured), Financial
Controlling Parameter:-
Customer master = Customer A/C Grp
Materials = Material Types(FERT – Finished goods, DIEN -
Service)
Create Material= MM01
Material, Industry type, Material type > View >
{Basic Data1, Sales 1,sales 2, Sales:General, MRP1,Storage
1,Accounting}
>Org level> (Plant, Stor. Location, Sales Org,Dis chan)>>
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Basic data 1
Description
Mat Grp
Gross weight – weight along with packaging
Net weight
EAN/UPC - European Article number, Universal Product code
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Sales unit
Delivering plant
Material Group
Tax classification
Min Order Qty, Min Del Qty >>Enter
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Accounting1 = valuation class, price control(standard price,
moving avg)
Save.
Extension – MM01
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How to define own material group = spro > logistics > material
master > settings for key fields > new entries
How to define own material group(sales) = spro > logistics >
material master > settings for key fields > Data relevant to sales
and distribution > define material groups
Path = spro > logistics > Material master > settings for key fields >
data relevant to sales and distribution > Define product hierarchies
> Maintain product hierarchies > new entries
Add > save (back) start again 1111... add > save 11112222 repeat
Basic data 1 > product hierarchy > select + next level
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Suppressed means not visible.
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If we don’t give sales area, then sales area data will not be
available in create customer:General data
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->Order block must be assigned to a sales document type.
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Part1:-
Structure of Sales Document
Sales Document/SO - could be QT,IN,OR,Con etc..
Header, Line Items, Schedule Line Items
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Buyer(Req) > Reseller(Sold To,Ship To, Payer, Bill To 2X) >
Distributor(S2P...) > Seller(S2P...)
Part 2:-
Header > Sales > Req deliv date, Complete div, Deliv block,
Billing block,
Billing Block = To ensure that proper deliv is done.
Creation date(Unchangable), PO date, Deliv date, Pricing date
Inco terms(International Commerce terms):-
Freely definable
Specifies title transfer
Specifies transportation and shipping terms
Has 2 parts= standard inco terms
Example= CFR(cost and freights), CIF(cost insurance
freights), EXW(from plants),FOB(Free on boards)
Payment Term
Determines How seller will get payed
Configured by FICO consultant
Example = payable immediately, within x days
Part 3:-
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Order Combination:- CSO > Shipping, used to combine
multiple orders
Text – extra pieces of information, that can flow from master to
transactional data and from one transaction to another
transaction.
Additional data is created by ABAP consultant, we can put
things in brackets
Q>Can we delete Sales Order? Yes
Sales document > Delete, but not in case of consequent document.
Q>Why is data replicated between Header and Line Items?
Data can be over-ridden at line item level.
Enterprise Struture
To represent the structure of company in SAP
Company and company codes:-
SD -> Sales, finance and logistics
Finance =
Highest Org Lvl = Company, each company has legal entity(ofc in
diff countries) called company codes.
Company does accounting ar company codes level.
Sales =
Highest level in sales = Sales Org represents sales policies in
particular geography or zone.(Pricing, returns ...)
One Company code can have one or more than one sales org.
Sales Org -> Dist Channel, Division
1. Distribution channel – determines how to sell the
product(direct/agencies)
2. Division – Represents a group of products for the purpose of
pricing, reporting etc
Sales area = Sales org + Dist Chn + Div -> Sales Office
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Sales Offices(optional) = Sales office > Sales Group > Sales
Personnel
Logistics =
Highest level = Plants
Plant is a place where goods are manufactured, services are
performed/evaluated.
One company code can have multiple plants, but one plant
can be assigned to only one company code.
Plant can have multiple storage locations.SL is a place where
goods of different kinds are stored.
Sales Org + Distributional channel ->(assigned) Plant
Warehouse Doors represents shipping point
Scenario:-
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Company and company codes will be made using FICO
consultant, as it requires GL account.
Sales consultant will be created by Sales Org, Div, Dist
Channel, Sales Office, Sales Group
Plant will be created by MM consultant.
Definition:-
Sales Org= spro > Enterprise structure > definition> sd > sales
org> copy,delete and delete sales org(don’t create new)
Assignment is the connection of the boxes
copy,delete and delete sales org > copy (0001 – sales org
‘always’- west) > ok/create request(Transport request - TR) >
save
Define sales org > position > details(button) > address(b)
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Division = spro > Enterprise structure > definition> Logistics
General > copy,delete and check Div > choose > from 01 to XR
Sales Office = spro > Enterprise structure > definition> sd > Sales
Office > copy,delete and check S.O. > copy/ new entries. Bay area
Plant = spro > Enterprise structure > definition> Logistics General >
define, copy, delete plant > copy(b) > from 0001 to newj > create
request.
Define plant > choose > position > details > address
Assignment:-
1>Assign Sales Org to company code=
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Path = spro>Assignment > SD >
Assign SO to CC > position > Cocd 1000
Distribution channel to Sales Org (Delete unnecessary
assignments)
Assign divisions to sales org (Delete unnecessary
assignments)
Set up sales area > sales area > (Delete unnecessary
assignments)
Assign sales office to sales area > sales area > delete
unnecessary entries and add new entries >Sales area>
Dis Chl, Div, SOff(baya)
Assign sales group to sales office> sales office> new
entries> sales group
Assign sales org, distribution channel, plant > sales
org,Mat,Plant (Delete unnecessary assignments)
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Path = spro> Enterprise Structure> assignments> SD> set up sales
area> MBar selections > by content > sales org, Div (1000,00)> exists
but still we cant create customers?
Path= spro> Sales and Distribution > master data > define common
Distribution channel; Division
Common DC> position> sales org, DC>
DeRef -> Change the DCh-conds and CGH-cust to 13 for SOrg 1000
and Dch 13(3rd row).
Earlier since it was referring to 10 (DCh-Conds & DCh-Cust/Mt), we
were not able to create customer.
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Create Customer > VD01
Condition records > VK11 > material with release status
Summary:-
1. Master data proliferation(creating master data for all sales area is
not necessary)
2. Common distribution channel and division
3. Only master data for S.Org/ Ref DC/ Ref Div
Document type
Represents the characteristics of a business process.
In SD there are 3 business process involved :- Sales, Delivery and
Billing.
Categories
Sales- Inquiry, Quotation, Order, Consignment, Contract
Delivery- Regular D, Exp D, Returns
Billing- Invoice, Credit, Debit, Invoice corrections
-> Doc type is all the variations possible in category type
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It’s a place where all categories(S,D,B) are configured > SPRO.
Set of properties that define Sales Doc type.
Sales:- Path = spro> img> SD> sales doc> sales doc header
>define sales doc type
Delivery:- ..Logistics execution> Shipping> deliveries> Delivery
types
Billing:- ..SD> Billing Documents> Billing types
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Number Ranges
Int Number range (05) – system generates automatically within
certain range
Ext Number range (02) – user gives value manually
Path = spro > SD> sales> sales doc> Sales Document Header >
Define Number Ranges for Sales Document >>> view intervals, edit
interval, view status
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General control:-
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2>Check division=
02= no error
Create SO> F8 > Chk division
3>Check purchase order number= chk for duplicate PO number
Transaction Flow
Quotation messages = B-> Check at item level
Shipping
Delivery type = LF
Delivery block = creates a field in create SO: initial screen.
Shipping condition = overrides from customer master.
Immediate delivery = system creates delivery without going
thru tcode VL04/ VL01N (rush Orders), “immediate delivery
block is set to A”.
Billing
Del-rel billing type – invoice created with ref to Del
Order-rel billing type- invoice created with ref to order
Intercompany bill type – whn delivering plant belongs to other
plant
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Billing block – creates a field in CSO
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mm01- Material creation
Pc-101
1 Retail
Fert(Finished Mat), Dien(Service)
Basic data 1, sales org 1,2,General, MRP 1, General plant storage,
Accounting
Give org lvl details(plant SL, sales org).
Basic data 1 = des, basic unit of measure, material group
Sales: sales org 1 = Tax classification
Sales org 2 = Item category group
Sales General plant = Trans grp, loading grp
MRP 1 = mrp type- nd
Accounting 1 = valuation class, standard price
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Component of CPU – mem
Error:-
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MM02> basic data> additional data> select language
VA01>
Line items is controlled by Item Category(TAN)
OR in germany is TA
In quotation line items, QT is equivalent to AG(AGN)
Item category path= spro > img > SD > sales> sales document>
sales document item> define item category
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Line items can be Bill Rel, Price Rel, Del Rel, Sch Line Rel
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4.mmo2>mon 101(do for all remaining material)> basic data>
additional data> enter lang de
5.Again va01 will work fine now> pc 101 will now explode to all
components but CPU is not exploded to Mem, becoz item category
is TAN, change to TAP or TAQ( structure scope= A, Application =
SD01). It is getting autoassigned.
The controlling parameter in deciding Item category is Sales
Doc Type+ Item cat group+ HIgher lvl item cat+ usage
Spro > img> sd > s > sales doc item> assign item
categories[V0V4]>position> Or,lumf >TAP (since for 1st
line item PC 101 is also TAP)
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# Schedule line category
A schedule line is a schedule of delivery.
Schedule line tab contain requested Del date and expected
Del date.
Schedule line category contains confirmed quantity and dates
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Schedule line category determination = V0V5
V0V6 – Schedule Line Category
Delivery Block
Doc type – Del block – blocks Del of entire order
Schedule line category – Del block – block del of line items
Item category – No del block
Movement type
Represents a change in value
Configured by MM consultant
Movement type in SAP is a 3-digit code that is used to identify the
type of material movement in the system. The movement type is
used to determine the type of transaction being executed, such as
goods receipt, goods issue, transfer posting, or stock transfer.
The movement type is an important part of the material
management (MM) module in SAP, as it helps to keep track of the
flow of goods in the system.
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To schedule line CP, set movement type as 601
Steps= VA01> schedule line for item “button”(CP) > picked >
VL02N>PGI>Document flow
The movement type that is conf in schedule line is used when
delivery is PGI, becoz that’s where change of value is happening.
3rd Party Scenario
3rd party drop ship – suppose a order came for US company code and
they don’t have the product, so they hired some vendor for them, who
will arrange the product and deliver it directly to the customer, so here
the vendor is the 3rd party who is doing the shipment.
Item category=TAS, Schedule line cat = CS(doesnot have a
movement type), Order type=NB(Pur ord)
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Availability is the process to chk goods are available to be
delivered.
Availability can be turned on/off at Schedule line item level, if turned
on Sales order can be turned to MRP.
Transactional flow =
Requirement ~Demand = TOR(Tranfer of Requirement) = (Sales
Order to MRP)
MRP= Material requirement Planning.
Purchase request – Purchase Order
Planned Order – Production Order(Req to produce some
goods)
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# Delivery Document and Billing Document type
Del document type = LF and LR
Del item category = TAN, TAP, TAS
Del Doc type=
Important Fields:-
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Define delivery type > LF >
Document category = Del
Number system= int, ext, item no. Increment
BOM only exist at sales document level, but whn it comes to del
BOM loses its heirarchy, it gets flattened out and gets converted to
delivery group(it groups the BOM together)
Order Ref= Order Required
For for delivery we always need a sales doc ref(LF/LR) > VLO1N
Path = same
Relevant for picking= Picking tab will be editable in CSO,or else
grayed out.
BOM items should not be picked as it is component but should be
delivered.
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While del PC 101 wont show but while billing it shows up!
TAD and TAS are service & 3rd party, both these items are not
relevant for delivery.
Billing
Path = spro > sd > Billing > Billing document
Important billing document types =
F2 – Standard Invoice
F5 – Order related proferra Invoice
F8 – Del related P Invoice
L2 – Debit Memo
G2 – Credit Memo
RE – Credit for return
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Flow = VA01- enter details - deliver > VL01N(change selection
month) - create subsequent order – create transfer order > VL02N
– PGI > VF01 – F2
Posting not done > VF02 > green flag > posting period not open>
use tcode OB52
Credit memo
VF03 > click on line item > conditions > check for tax%
VA01 > order type – CR > create with ref(always) > enter
Billing doc > overview screen > keep billing block empty >
dclick line items > conditions > give the price u want to return
in amount field >sales tab|order reason > sales document >
billing
Debit memo = VA01> dr.. Same procedure > billing
Return request = VA01 > re.. > deliver > billing
#Billing Configurations
Path= sales>Billing>Define billing types
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Create billing type ZF88 >> create order > VF02 - billing type -
ZF88 > “No accounting document generated” > VF02 > flag
Cancel a invoice>>
VF02 > invoice number > Billing document > cancel > save
Invoice list>>
There will be a large list of invoices, each will generate separate
acct document. SAP in return will assign a separate reference
number to each document type.
We can mark customers to view Invoice list
> display customer > sales area data > Billing document tab >
InvoiceListDates > mark relevant option
1. How to create billing document?
2. Why are billing Documents used
3. Accounting documents
4. Invoice cancellations
5. Invoice Lists
6. Reference Numbers
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Requirement and data transfer
Copy Controls – Standard Requirement Routines
VTAA = position > targt(or) Source(qt) > display > copying
requirement= 001 dclick
Custom Routines:-
001 – 600= Standard SAP > Copy and create new routine
601 – 999= Custom> Possible to modify
To modify = VOFM > copying requirements > Orders > Create
#Pricing
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Theory
Condition Technique – to handle all complex scenario in pricing
Theory
#Condition Technique
7 steps
1. Field Catalog = fields(mat, mat grp, cust, cust grp)
2. Condition table = subset of fields catalog
3. Access sequence = (mat+cust grp) + (mat+cust grp+Di
Chn) = 2 tables
4. Condition type= type of calculation(price, dis%, tax,
frieght)
5. Pricing procedure = all condition type come together
6. Pricing procedure determination = sales area +
DPP(document PP) + CPP(customer PP)
7. Condition record = easy access -> users
Configuration 11/12
Path= VOk0 ; Spro > img > sd > basic functions > Pricing >
Pricing control
Environment > condition table > field catalog|display
Condition type > access sequences(we access the condition
tables)
Condition type > Condition type > Definition = determines the
types of calculation, PR00
Configuration 2
Pricing Procedures – RVAA01
Determination is done on basis of : Sales Area,
DocumentPricingProcedure, Customer PP.
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Doc PP = Sales Doc > Transactional flow > DPP
CPP = Customer Master > sales area data > sales tab > CPP
Condition type= VK11> PR00(condition type)> Mat, des, amt,
unit.
VA01 > select line item> coin icon > analysis tab
Pricing Hands On
Create Customer > XD01> acct grp, comp code, sales area, reference cust >
customer created!
DPP > VOk0> Pricing procedure > Doc PP > maintain > new entry > 7, des.
CPP > VOk0> Pricing procedure > Cust PP >
Other Configuration=
New sales doc type
New Item category
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*
Condition table
Access sequence
Condition type
->Assign access sequence to condition type
Create pricing procedure
Assignments
Vd02 > enter customer > sales tab > CuPP
VOV8 > DoPP
VOk0 > pricing procedure> new entries > sales area+CuPP+DoPP
-> Create condition records:- VK11
VK11 > ZS03 > key combination > mat/cust > enter different material and their
prices
Assign customer/group:- same way
-> Now test it
VA01 > input details > material line items > price will be taken automatically >
analysis
Pricing Procedure
VOk0> PP>position > RVA001> tree-control>copy the procedure> make new
Structure = Pricing. Discounts, Tax, Freights
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Subtotals
To add values of multiple condition types, ex multiple discount on same product.
Suppose customer wants original freights + discount.
Most used subtotal = 1-6, we can also add combination from FRM-TO field.
Required Flag
If we mark Pricing Procedure for PB00 in ZV0001 as required, and we don’t assign
value to it while making an order, an error will popup.
Statistical flag
It is not used in calculating the price, it’s a dummy condition type, it wont affect the
pricing.
Requirement Routine
It checks for requirement, suppose if Pricing assigned with 2, so the pricing will be
calculated
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Alternate Calculation Routine
Cal type is a small routine that can be used to compute the value of a condition type.
Tax vendors = they ensure they have updated codes for all jurisdiction
#SD-FI Interface
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Account Determination
We initiate the account during delivery using the movement type, since it is linked to
account.
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Account determination Configuration
We want to distribute our sales to different accounts according to certain
criteria.
Path = spro > sd > basic functions > account assignment/costing >revenue account
determination> define dependencies of revenue account > field catalog
>create table > select table > order reason> generate.
3. spro... define dependencies..>define access sequence..> copy ZOFI> Accesses > new
entries > check fields
4. define condition type> create condition> assign ConditionType to AccessSequence
5.Account determination procedure> procedures – ZOFI00 > control data- zofi(CT)
6. Account determination procedure – assignment > select billing doc type- F2 ,billing type -
ZJAR >
Change billing type, for ZJAR(Billing Type) assign KOFI00(AccountDeterminationProcedure)
7.Assign G/L account > select - table(790) - Order Reason>
VA01>
order type- ZRAJ, org data> overview page> save > document flow > select accounting
document >display document
Credit management
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Types- Simple Credit Management,
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