扫描⽂稿
说明
#Q4
a.
The marginal product initially increases till 3 units of worker and then starts to
decrease. It might be because the production space is not yet saturated and the
increase in workers has led to increased e ciency. Higher production levels allow
specialization among workers, which permits each worker to become better at a
speci c task. Therefore, the marginal product initially increases. When there are 3
workers, as the number of workers increases, additional workers have to share
equipment and work in more crowded conditions. Eventually, the workspace
becomes so over-crowded that workers often get in each other’s way. Hence, as
more workers are hired, each extra worker contributes fewer additional brooms to
total production
b.
The answers have been lled in the table above
c.
ATC initially decreases and after 5 unit of worker it starts to rise. The pattern of ATC
is U-shaped.
fi
fi
ffi
d.
MC initially decreases and after 3 unit of worker it starts to rise. The pattern of MC
is U-shaped.
e.
Before hiring 3 workers, the marginal product increases while the marginal cost
decreases. After hiring 3 workers, the marginal product decreases while the marginal
cost increases. It can be attributed to the law of diminishing returns. When initially
adding a new worker, he helps to increase the output and even the marginal product
therefore the marginal cost decreases because of the same amount of increase in
total cost. But after too many workers have been added, workers may nd
themselves wasting time waiting to use equipment, or simply crowding one another
out, which decreases their e ciency producing less per person and then results in a
higher marginal cost
f.
When the average total cost declines, the marginal cost is less than the average
cost. When the average total cost increases, the marginal cost is greater than the
average cost. the marginal cost curve crosses the average total cost curve at the
minimum of average total cost. It is because at low levels of output, marginal cost is
below average total cost, so average total cost is falling. But after the two curves
cross, marginal cost rises above average total cost
ffi
fi
扫描⽂稿
说明
#Q9
b.
When the average total cost declines, the marginal cost is less than the average
cost. When the average total cost increases, the marginal cost is greater than the average
cost. the marginal cost curve crosses the average total cost curve at the
minimum of average total cost. It is because at low levels of output, marginal cost is
below average total cost, so average total cost is falling. But after the two curves
cross, marginal cost rises above average total cost. As for average variable cost, it
always less than marginal cost. The di erence between this two is the increase invariable
cost per unit of product.
ff
