TITLE

COMPREHENSIVE DRAINAGE SYSTEM DESIGN FOR A 6.33-ACRE PARKING AREA

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report provides an overview of the strategic planning, design, and implementation of a
drainage system for a parking space that spans 6.33 acres and is located on a specific location.
In order to improve the management of stormwater in the region, the project makes use of
geographical and infrastructure features that are already in place, such as a nearby pond and an
existing culvert. By following to the best management practices (BMP) criteria that have been
established by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), the project
guarantees that environmental compliance and efficient water management are achieved.

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1. LOCATION AND SCOPE
The site encompasses an area of around 6.33 acres acres and is mostly employed for parking.
The primary objective is to design a drainage system that is capable of effectively collecting
and directing rainwater into a nearby pond. This pond then feeds into a stream that runs in a
northerly direction and goes under an existing road via a culvert that is already in place.

2. INTEGRATION WITH EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE

The project combines natural and man-made infrastructure components, skilfully merging the
existing stream and culvert with the newly implemented drainage system. This comprehensive
approach guarantees that the new system functions harmoniously with the current
environmental and infrastructural context, optimizing efficiency and reducing disturbance to
the surrounding ecosystem.
The project maximizes the efficiency of the drainage system by using the natural flow patterns
of the stream and the structural integrity of the culvert, without requiring significant changes
or disruptions to the landscape. This approach not only improves the overall ability of the
infrastructure to withstand and recover from disruptions, but also maintains the ecological
health and balance of the surrounding environment.
Moreover, the project's focus on compatibility and harmonization highlights a dedication to
sustainable development concepts. Instead of implementing significant changes or developing
separate infrastructure parts, the design emphasizes integration and cohabitation, enabling a
smooth transition between existing and new aspects.
 FIGURE 2-A PROPOSED PLAN FOR A 6.33-ACRE PARKING AREA

III. DESIGN CRITERIA

1. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
The BMP handbook serves as a comprehensive resource, giving information on a variety of
measures targeted at limiting the deleterious impacts of stormwater runoff on the environment.
These practices involve numerous measures, such as the deployment of green infrastructure,
exploitation of permeable surfaces, creation of retention ponds, and development of vegetative
buffers, among others.

Through rigorous adherence to the BMP handbook, the design process includes these suggested
practices into the stormwater management plan, therefore limiting the risk for pollutants to
 reach waterways, conserving aquatic ecosystems, and safeguarding public health. Additionally,
by addressing sustainability, the design tries to reduce the ecological imprint of stormwater
management operations, increasing long-term environmental resilience and boosting the
overall health of the surrounding ecosystem.

IV. STORM WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

1. SITE ASSESSMENT
The initial phase involved detailed mapping and topographical analysis using Civil 3D software,
leading to the creation of accurate contour maps that define the site’s topography.

2. SOIL AND SURFACE ANALYSIS

The parking area predominantly features Type B soil, which influences the choice of surface materials
and drainage strategies to enhance permeability and reduce surface runoff.

3. WATER COLLECTION AND CONVEYANCE

Strategically placed catchments collect water, which is then directed towards the pond. This setup not
only manages water flow efficiently but also mitigates the risk of flooding during peak precipitation
periods.

V. CONCLUSION
The designed drainage system for the 6.33-acre parking area represents a robust integration of
hydrological science, environmental engineering, and regulatory compliance. By using advanced
modeling techniques and adhering to BMP guidelines, the project not only addresses the immediate
drainage needs but also contributes to the long-term sustainability and resilience of the local water
management infrastructure. The system’s design ensures minimal environmental impact, optimal
functionality, and compatibility with existing natural and man-made features.
APPENDIX
VI. DESIGN HYDROLOGY

1. HYDROGRAPH DEVELOPMENT
1.1. INLET 1
Detailed hydrographs were developed for each inlet, projecting the flow rates and volumes for various
storm event conditions (2-year, 10-year, and 25-year storms). These hydrographs are crucial for
understanding the flow dynamics and ensuring the system’s capacity to handle significant storm events.

Data / Assumptions

Hydrological Data for Inlet 1:

Drainage Area: 4.43 acres

Curve Number: 92

Soil Type: B

Time of Concentration (TR55 Method):

Sheet Flow: Manning’s N-value = 0.011, Flow Length = 150 ft

Shallow Concentration Flow: Flow length = 355 ft

Time of Concentration: 16.9 minutes

1.2 . INLET 2
Data / Assumptions

Drainage Area: 1.9 acres

Curve Number: 92
Soil Type: B
Time of Concentration (TR55 Method):
Sheet Flow: Manning’s N-value = 0.011, Flow Length = 150 ft
Shallow Concentration Flow: Flow length = 213.62 ft
Time of Concentration: 10.3 minutes
 2. . HYDRAULIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
2.1. PIPE SIZING AND NETWORK DESIGNING
Based on the maximum expected flows, the pipeline diameters range from 15 inches to 96 inches,
with design velocities aimed at preventing sedimentation and ensuring smooth flow of water.

2.1. SLOPE AND VELOCITY CONTROLS

To prevent erosion and manage flow rates, the design includes specific slope and velocity parameters
that align with the BMP guidelines.
 0+00 1+00 2+00 3+00

FIGURE 6-A DRAINAGE PROFILE SWS - E STA -1+00 TO STA 5+00

120 120

110 110

100 100

90 90

80 80

124 LF 21" 21 INCH CONCRETE PIPE @ 1.65%

70 70

60 60

0+00 1+00 2+00

FIGURE 6-B DRAINAGE PROFILE SWS - Outfall STA -1+00 TO STA 3+00
 130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

0+00 1+00 2+00 3+00

FIGURE 6-C DRAINAGE PROFILE SWS - W STA -1+00 TO STA 4+00

3. POND DESIGN WITH ACCESSORIES

A detention pond at the downstream end of the storm water system is proposed. The pond is designed
using the grading tools in Civil 3D and capacity of the pond is determined by using Civil 3D.

An orifice was then proposed at the Inlet of the pond which effectively acts as an outlet to the storm
water system. The pond when overflowed conveys the excess amount into a stream by virtue of a
weir. The stage storage table of the proposed detention pond is as follows.
 STAGE STORAGE CAPACITY (from C3D)

AVG END AVG VOL

AREA DEPTH
ELEV INC. VOL (Cumulative)
(sq. ft.) (ft)
(cu. ft.) (cu. ft.)

73 0.17 0 0 0
74 1,003.36 1 501.76 501.76
75 411.96 2 707.66 1209.43
76 722.68 3 567.32 1776.75
77 12 4 367.34 2144.1

The top of the pond is kept at 81’ whereas the Highest Water level is determined to be 77’ as stated in
the Stage storage Capacity Table. Outfall Orifice and Spillway Weir are proposed accordingly.

4. ORIFICE

We need to determine the Orifice diameter for the incoming flow from proposed storm water system.
Hence the Orifice formula was utilized to determine the opening size of the orifice. The calculation is
as follows:

ORIFICE DESIGN

Anticipated flow at the outfall = 9.72 cfs

Orifice is located at 77 ft
The top of pond is at 81 ft
h = 81' - 77' = 4 ft
Acceleration due to gravity = 32.2 fps
Corf = 0.6

Q = Cd ×Aorifice × √𝟐𝐠𝐡

Aorifice = 1.00935069 ft2

Aorifice = π/4 × D2

D= 1.13364246 ft
D= 13.6037095 in ≈ 14 in
Hence the proposed Orifice diameter is 14in. Accordingly, the stage storage capacity can also be
determined as follows.

STAGE STORAGE TABLE (from CAD)

AVG
END AVG VOL
AREA DEPTH Qorf
ELEV INC. (Cummilative)
(sq. ft.) (ft) (cfs)
VOL (cu. ft.)
(cu. ft.)
73 0.17 0 0 0 0.000
74 1,003.36 1 501.76 501.76 4.860
75 411.96 2 707.66 1209.43 6.873
76 722.68 3 567.32 1776.75 8.418
77 12 4 367.34 2144.1 9.720

5. WEIR

A weir geometry is utilized here for the spillway of the pond. The top of the detention pond is at 81’
whereas the top of weir is kept at 80.3’. The head is then utilized to evaluate the length of the weir if
the pond is to cross its top level. The weir would then act as a spillway for the pond. The calculation
for the length is as follows
WEIR DESIGN

Anticipated flow at the outfall = 9.72 cfs

Top of pond = 81 ft
Weir top = 80.3 ft
h = 0.7 ft
Cweir = 3.2

L= Q/Cw × H3/2

L = 5.18643843 ft
L= 6 ft