Water Level Detection
Names of the students:
Charan(1MS20EC083)
Rajath(1MS20EC075)
Punith P(1MS20EC070)
Ramesh Kittur(1MS20EC077)
IoT Lab Project Assignment (2023)
RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to VTU)
Accredited by National Board of Accreditation & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
MSR Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bangalore – 560054
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Technical Solution
Chapter 3: Implementation Details
Chapter 4: Results and Conclusion
INTRODUCTION:
The water level management has been a major issue so new methods has to be
adopted to control the water level.
Proposed system:
Here we will present the basic idea of our proposal. This proposed system works
under automation and contains the components like Arduino , ultrasonic sensor, led, buzzer
in which each component has its own functionality but Arduino looks like heart of the
project as all the components are interfaced with Arduino. The ultrasonic sensor plays
major role in determining the water level present in the tank. This sensor is fitted under the
lid of the tank and uses the concept called echo. The sensor contains two small openings
called trig and echo. The trig works like a small speaker in which it sends the ultrasonic
waves and the echo acts as a small microphone in which it receives the reflected waves
which are sent by trig and this echo returns the distance. So by this we are known of water
level in the tank through LED. We have designed a code that whenever the tank is getting
low about of 20% the buzzer automatically notifies ,that indicates water level is low and
when the tank reaches to 80% the buzzer again automatically notifies, that indicates water
level is high. so here no one required for controlling to motor this is the main advantage of
proposed system.
WORKING:
The proposed system works making use of ultrasonic sensor to detect the water level in
terms of percentage. As explained before ultrasonic sensor has two apparatus namely trig
and echo. Trig is used to emit a sound wave to an object as it is known that when a sound
wave strikes an object it bounces back with equal or more intensity which is called as echo.
Echo part of ultrasonic sensor detects the reflected sound ray and returns the value
according to that . It usually measures the time duration between trig and echo of sound
ray. The physical definition for velocity is defined as the rate of change of distance with
time. If we neglect differentiation, velocity is given as ratio of distance to time. In this
proposed system, the sound ray travel 2 times (Trig & Echo) .
Ultrasonic sensor detects the object and measures the distance by following echo principle
in this proposed system, water is also considered as object when a sound ray strikes water
it results in generation of echo which is detected by the echo part of ultrasonic sensor. The
working of ultrasonic sensor is given in fig. By measuring the time duration distance is
determined.
D=V/T
Implementation Details
Components required:
1. Piezo Buzzer
2. LED
3. Ultrasonic Sensor
4. Arduino
Block Diagram:
Code:
#define trigPin 6
#define echoPin 7
#define buzzPin 8
#define tankFullPin 9
#define tankEmptyPin 10
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
pinMode(buzzPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(tankFullPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(tankEmptyPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
float duration, distance;
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
distance = (duration / 2) * 0.0344;
Serial.print("water welcome ");
Serial.println(distance);
if (distance <= 20)
{
Serial.print("Tank Full\n");
digitalWrite(buzzPin,HIGH);
digitalWrite(tankFullPin, HIGH);
digitalWrite(tankEmptyPin, LOW);
}
else if (distance >= 80 )
{
Serial.print("Tank Empty|n");
digitalWrite(buzzPin,HIGH);
digitalWrite(tankEmptyPin, HIGH);
digitalWrite(tankFullPin, LOW);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(buzzPin,LOW);
digitalWrite(tankEmptyPin, LOW);
digitalWrite(tankFullPin, LOW);
}
delay(100);
Results:
1. Water level is inversely proportional to the distance measured by ultrasonic sensor .
2. Time duration is directly proportional to the distance.
3. Lesser time duration results in higher water level.
4. High time duration results in lowest water level.
5. Water level management is monitored for mentioned conditions
CONCLUSIONS:
In the present situations, water necessity is very high. Population is growing linearly day by
day but the necessities are not being fulfilled at the same rate. Among most dangerous
problems water scarcity is major issue we need to resolve that problem at easiest way. The
major problem behind this issue is negligence of humans. Tanks are being overloaded, due
to improper maintenance this issue arises. So when we adopt the technologies like
proposed system we can handle this issues . Another aspect is that we are developing in all
fields the present generation require automation for all this we need to adopt proposed
system. The system is in appropriate in the areas where sound rays are produced with in
the same frequency of ultrasonic sensor.
