Enculturation
and
Socialization
Individual and Society
UNIT STIMULUS
Is this normal? 2
01
What is Enculturation
and Socialization?
What is Enculturation and Socialization?
Enculturation
- It occurs when cultural knowledge is passed on to the next bearer who
will perpetuate and ensure the continuance of their tradition and
practices.
- It is also a diffusion of one’s culture to another through diverse means.
Socialization
- It takes place when prospective culture bearers learn their culture’s
body knowledge and skills through training, exposure, and experience.
Result of
01 Enculturation and
Socialization
- An individual’s identity is formed through
●
his interaction with other people.
●- According to Newman (2012), A person’s
socialization with individuals or groups
allows him/her to imbibe certain
characteristics and interests that contribute
to his/her identity.
- Norms are culturally determined
rules that guide people regarding
what is right, wrong, proper, or
improper.
- Norms are fundamental to the
establishment of social order in
any society (Newman, 2012)
Norms did not exist out of thin air
—(Coleman, 2000)
NORMS
• People are subjected to norms when they become
part of society.
• They are also subjected to the sanctions and
rewards of society’s norms------ whether rewards
for adherence to a norm or punishment for a
violation of a norm (Coleman, 2000)
Values
VALUES
• Values are standards people use to determine desirable
outcomes and goals (Hewitt and Hewitt, 1986 in Newman,
2012)
• Filipino are noted for their excellent handling of human
relations because they significantly value personhood and
human goodness.
Two Most Important Values that Filipino Posses
Filipino takes pride in their work because
Value of
they toiled hard for it, regardless
Industry whether in some instances, they fail
along the way.
Filipino is known for having an “Utang na Utang na
Loob”. It show through good will and
thoughfulness and being mindful and Loob
helpful to someone during trying times.
STATUSES AND ROLES
- - Status is any position that an
individual can occupy in society
- - It is not a ranked position, but
simply a label that implies certain
roles that must be performed
(Newman, 2012)
STATUSES AND ROLES
Every person can hold
simultaneously hold various
statuses at any point in time. For
instance, a person can be
daughter/son, sibling, student,
citizen of a country, and fan of
basketball all at the same time
(Kottak, 2000; Newman, 2012).
2 Types of Status
Achieved Status
Ascribed Status
- Acquired willfully and conciously
- Given at birth or assigned later in life through effort, talent, decisions, and
(Kottak, 2000; Newman, 2012) accomplishment. (Kottak, 2000;
Newman, 2012)
- Examples: age, sex, ethnicity, and
membership in a family, among - Examples: Someone’s girlfriend or
others. boyfriend, being the top student in one’s
class, and being black belter in karate.
02
Understanding
Conformity and
Deviance
Conformity and Deviance
Conformity
An action that a majority favors or that is socially acceptable
Deviance
An action that is not socially acceptable or that a majority does not favor.
Deviance as Rooted in Society and Very Evident in Three
Ways
01 02 03
People become deviant
as other define them
that way.
Both norms and the way
Exist only in relation
events are defined are
to cultural norms
related to patterns of
social power
