Here are some useful collocations for describing graphs, charts, and other

visual data representations in IELTS Writing Task 1:

Introducing Visual Data

- The [graph/chart/diagram] [depicts/displays/illustrates] [data/information]
on/about [topic/subject], [spanning/covering/presenting] a [period/range]
[from/between] [year/date/range].
- The bar graph depicts data on global energy consumption, covering the
period from 1990 to 2020.
-The [Graph/Chart/Diagram] [compares/contrasts/illustrates]
[changes/trends/fluctuations] in/of [variable],
[revealing/demonstrating/indicating] [patterns/relationships/connections]
[among/between] [data points/categories/variables].
- The scatter plot compares changes in temperature and precipitation
levels, revealing a positive correlation between the two variables.

Describing Trends
- There is a [significant/noticeable/steady] [increase/decrease/fluctuation] in
[variable] [over/across] the [period/range], [indicating/suggesting/implying]
[causes/factors/influences] [related/attributed/connected] to [underlying
reason/external factor].
- There is a noticeable increase in the number of electric vehicles on the
road over the past decade, indicating growing consumer interest in
sustainable transportation.
- [Variable] [peaks/troughs/plateaus] at [value/level/point],
[corresponding/coinciding/aligning] with [event/influence/cause] in
[year/time period/stage].
- Unemployment rates peak at approximately 10% in 2009, corresponding
with the global financial crisis.
Comparing Data
- In [comparison/contrast] to [dataset/category/variable],
[dataset/category/variable] [exhibits/shows/demonstrates] a
[greater/smaller/more significant] [change/difference/trend] [across/over]
the [period/range].
- In comparison to the urban population, the rural population exhibits a
smaller growth rate over the past 50 years.
- The [difference/discrepancy/variance] [between/among/across]
[datasets/categories/variables] can be [attributed/connected/linked] to
[factors/causes/influences] [related/connected] to [underlying
reason/external factor].
- The variance in exam scores among different countries can be linked to
disparities in education systems and socioeconomic factors.

Summarizing Key Findings

- Overall, the [graph/chart/diagram] [highlights/illustrates/reveals] that
[finding/conclusion/observation], which [emphasizes/stresses/underscores]
the [importance/relevance/significance] of [issue/topic/factor] in
[context/situation/field].
- Overall, the pie chart highlights the increasing global demand for
renewable energy sources, emphasizing the significance of sustainable
energy solutions in addressing climate change
.
graphs, charts, and other visual data representations in IELTS Writing Task
1:

Describing Proportions
- [Variable] [accounts for/constitutes/represents]
[percentage/proportion/share] of [total/overall] [category/dataset/variable],
[indicating/showing/demonstrating] its [importance/significance/relevance]
in [context/situation/field].
- Agriculture accounts for approximately 25% of global greenhouse gas
emissions, indicating its significance in addressing climate change.
- The [distribution/allocation/division] of [category/variable/dataset]
[varies/differs/fluctuates] [across/between/among]
[segments/categories/datasets], [reflecting/mirroring/corresponding] to
[factors/causes/influences] [impacting/affecting/shaping] the
[data/outcome/result].
- The distribution of healthcare expenditures varies among different
countries, reflecting disparities in economic development and healthcare
policies.

Explaining Relationships
- The [correlation/association/relationship] [between/among/across]
[variables/factors/datasets] [suggests/implies/indicates] that [underlying
reason/external factor/cause] [impacts/affects/influences]
[outcome/result/effect].
- The positive correlation between education levels and income suggests
that investing in education improves individuals' economic prospects.
- As [variable/factor/cause] [increases/decreases/fluctuates], there is a
[corresponding/subsequent/related] [change/shift/impact] in
[outcome/result/effect], [reflecting/demonstrating/indicating] the
[connection/relationship/association] [between/among/across]
[datasets/categories/variables].
- As carbon dioxide emissions increase, there is a corresponding impact on
global temperatures, reflecting the connection between greenhouse gas
emissions and climate change.
Describing Temporal Changes
- Over the [period/range/span] of [time/years/decades], there is a
[gradual/steady/consistent] [increase/decrease/fluctuation] in
[variable/factor/dataset], [indicating/suggesting/showing] [underlying
trends/driving factors/causes].
- Over the past two of decades, there has been a steady increase in
urbanization, indicating growing economic opportunities and rural-urban
migration.
- During [year/period/time], [variable/factor/dataset]
[experienced/underwent/encountered] a [notable/significant/major]
[change/shift/disruption], [leading/resulting/contributing] to
[outcome/impact/effect].
- During the COVID-19 pandemic, global tourism experienced a major
disruption, resulting in economic downturns for many tourist-dependent
economies.

Describing Patterns and Fluctuations

- [Variable/Dataset] [exhibits/displays/shows] a [cyclical/seasonal/periodic]
[pattern/trend/fluctuation], [corresponding/aligning/coinciding] with
[factor/influence/cause] [affecting/impacting/shaping] the
[data/outcome/result].
- Energy consumption exhibits a seasonal pattern, aligning with
temperature fluctuations throughout the year.
- There are [notable/significant/substantial] [peaks/troughs/fluctuations] in
[variable/dataset], [indicating/suggesting/showing] [external
factors/temporal changes/underlying influences]
[impacting/affecting/shaping] the [data/outcome/result].
- There are substantial fluctuations in stock market indices, indicating
external factors such as economic policies and global events impacting
investor sentiment.

Interpreting Data
- The [data/information/visual representation] [reveals/uncovers/highlights]
[patterns/trends/relationships] [among/between/across]
[variables/factors/datasets], [offering/providing/yielding]
[insights/knowledge/understanding] [into/regarding/concerning]
[topic/issue/field].
- The chart reveals patterns in consumer spending across different
demographic groups, offering insights into market preferences and buying
behaviors.
- [Analysis/Interpretation] of [data/information/visual representation]
[allows/enables/facilitates] [decision-makers/stakeholders/researchers] to
[identify/understand/address] [challenges/issues/opportunities]
[related/connected] to [field/area/domain].
- Interpretation of demographic data enables urban planners to understand
challenges related to population growth and infrastructure development.

Summarizing Key Points

- To [summarize/conclude/recap], the [graph/chart/diagram]
[presents/provides/offers] [valuable/insightful/important]
[information/data/insights] [about/regarding/concerning] [topic/issue/field],
which can be [utilized/applied/used] to [inform/guide/improve] [decision-
making/policy-making/future research].
- To summarize, the pie chart provides valuable insights into the distribution
of healthcare expenditures across different countries, which can inform
policy-making in resource allocation and healthcare prioritization.
Discussing Variations
- [Variable/Dataset] [varies/fluctuates/differs]
[significantly/considerably/substantially] [across/between/among]
[regions/countries/categories], [indicating/suggesting/demonstrating]
[regional/country-specific/category-specific]
[differences/trends/characteristics].
- Population growth rates vary significantly across different countries,
indicating country-specific demographic trends.
- While [variable/dataset] [generally/overall/broadly]
[follows/conforms/adheres] to [pattern/trend/fluctuation], there are
[notable/significant/substantial] [deviations/exceptions/anomalies]
[present/observed/noticeable] in [specific/certain/particular]
Here are some useful collocations for describing maps in IELTS Writing
Task 1:

Introducing the Maps

- The [maps/illustrations/graphics] [depict/display/compare] [a specific
location/an area/the changes] [in a particular place/over time/between two
different periods].
- The maps compare the changes in urban development of a coastal city
between 1990 and 2020.
- [Map A/The first map] [represents/displays/shows] [location/site/area] in
[year/period/era], while [Map B/the second map]
[illustrates/presents/demonstrates] the same [location/site/area] in [a
different year/another period/a subsequent era].
-the Map A shows the town's layout in 1960, while Map B illustrates the
same town in the present day.
Describing Locations and Features
- the [Location/Site/Area] is [situated/located/positioned]
[adjacent/next/close] to [another feature/landmark/geographical element].
- The park is situated adjacent to a residential area and a large lake.
-A [Feature/Landmark/Element] [dominates/occupies/covers] the
[northern/southern/eastern/western] [section/part/area] of the
[map/location/site].
- A forested area dominates the northern section of the map.
- The [construction/development/establishment] of [new
buildings/infrastructure/facilities] has [altered/changed/transformed] the
[appearance/layout/landscape] of the [location/site/area].
- The construction of a new shopping center has transformed the
appearance of the town center.

Describing Changes
- Over time, [location/site/area] has [witnessed/experienced/undergone]
[significant/substantial/considerable]
[transformations/changes/developments].
- Over time, the coastal area has witnessed significant developments in its
infrastructure.
- The most [notable/striking/prominent] [change/transformation/difference]
between [Map A/the first map] and [Map B/the second map] is the
[disappearance/emergence/expansion] of [feature/element/structure].
- The most striking difference between the two maps is the disappearance
of green spaces due to urban sprawl.

Summarizing Changes
- In summary, the [changes/transformations/developments]
[depicted/presented/shown] in the [maps/illustrations/graphics]
[highlight/demonstrate/reveal] the [impact/consequences/effects] of
[factors/causes/influences] such as [urbanization/environmental
changes/economic development] on [location/site/area].
- In summary, the changes shown in the maps reveal the consequences of
urbanization on the region's natural landscape.

Comparing and Contrasting

- In comparison to [Map A/the first map], [Map B/the second map]
[displays/reveals/illustrates] a [significant/substantial/noticeable]
[increase/decrease] in the [number/size/proportion] of
[feature/element/structure].
- In comparison to the initial map, the second map illustrates a substantial
increase in the number of residential buildings.
- While [Map A/the first map] [shows/presents/displays]
[feature/element/structure] [predominantly/mainly/primarily] in the
[northern/southern/eastern/western] [section/part/area], [Map B/the second
map] [demonstrates/indicates/reveals] a more [even/balanced/distributed]
[arrangement/layout/pattern].
- While Map A shows agricultural land predominantly in the eastern area,
Map B demonstrates a more evenly distributed pattern across the region.

Discussing Proximity
-THE [Feature/Element/Structure] [lies/sits/is located]
[adjacent/proximate/close] to [another feature/element/structure],
[facilitating/allowing/enabling] [easy/convenient/efficient]
[access/transportation/interaction].
- The school lies adjacent to the residential neighborhood, enabling easy
access for students.
- [Element/Structure/Feature] [connects/links/joins] [one part/area/location]
to [another part/area/location] through [roads/bridges/pathways],
[improving/enhancing/facilitating] [transport/connectivity/mobility].
- A network of roads connects the various districts of the city, enhancing
mobility for its residents.

Describing Functionality
- [Element/Structure/Feature] serves [a/multiple/various]
[purpose/function/role] [in/for/to] the [community/region/ecosystem], such
as [recreational/economic/environmental] [activities/processes/functions].
- The green spaces in the urban area serve multiple functions, such as
providing recreational spaces and promoting biodiversity.
- [Element/Structure/Feature] has been
[constructed/developed/established] to [meet/fulfill/address] the
[needs/requirements/demands] of [the local community/a growing
population/the region].
- The new transportation hub has been developed to meet the needs of a
growing population for efficient public transport.

Here are some useful collocations for describing processes in IELTS

Writing Task 1:

Introducing the Process

- The [diagram/illustration/visual] [outlines/depicts/demonstrates] the
[stages/steps/phases] [involved/required/necessary] in
[process/operation/production].
- The diagram outlines the stages involved in the production of chocolate.
- The [process/operation/procedure] [begins/starts/commences] with [initial
step/input/raw material] and [concludes/ends/finishes] with [final
product/desired outcome/end result].
- The process of water purification commences with the intake of raw water
and finishes with the production of safe, potable water.

Describing Sequential Steps

- The [first/initial/primary] [step/stage/phase] [involves/requires/entails]
[action/process/transformation], which [leads/contributes/results] in
[outcome/product/material].
- The initial phase involves the harvesting of raw materials, which
contributes to the production of textiles.
- [Following/Subsequent/After] [this/the initial/the previous]
[step/stage/phase], [another/the next/a subsequent]
[action/process/transformation] [takes place/occurs/happens],
[leading/resulting/culminating] in [outcome/material/product].
- Following this stage, a subsequent fermentation process occurs, resulting
in the creation of alcohol.

Describing Parallel Processes

- [Simultaneously/Concurrently/In parallel], [another/a separate/an
additional] [process/operation/action] [takes place/occurs/happens]
[involving/requiring/including] [steps/stages/phases].
- Concurrently, a separate process happens involving quality checks at
various stages of production.
- These [parallel/simultaneous/concurrent] [processes/stages/steps]
[combine/merge/converge] at [a certain point/stage/step],
[resulting/leading/culminating] in [the final/a combined/an integrated]
[product/outcome/material].
- These parallel processes converge at a certain stage, culminating in a
combined end product.

Summarizing the Process

- In summary, the [process/operation/procedure]
[illustrates/demonstrates/outlines] the [complexity/precision/multifaceted
nature] [involved/required/necessary] in [producing/manufacturing/creating]
[product/outcome/material].
- In summary, the process demonstrates the complexity involved in
producing vaccines at scale.

Discussing Connections and Flows

- The [flow/movement/transfer] of [material/product/information]
[between/among/across] [stages/steps/phases] [ensures/facilitates/allows]
the [smooth/efficient/continuous] [operation/production/progression] of the
process.
- The transfer of data between stages ensures the continuous progression
of the machine learning pipeline.
- [Arrows/Connectors/Links] in the diagram
[indicate/represent/demonstrate] the [direction/flow/progression] of
[material/product/information] through [the various/multiple/diverse]
[steps/stages/phases].
- Arrows in the illustration demonstrate the direction of the material flow
through the various production stages.
Describing Transformations and Outcomes
- During the [process/transformation/operation],
[material/product/information] [undergoes/experiences/is subjected to]
[significant/substantial/considerable] [changes/modifications/alterations],
[resulting in/leading to/culminating in] the [final/desired/end]
[product/outcome/material].
- During the chemical process, raw materials undergo significant
modifications, leading to the desired end product.
- The [efficiency/effectiveness/success] of the
[process/operation/transformation] [relies/depends/hinges] on
[factors/influences/conditions] such as [temperature/pressure/time],
[impacting/affecting/shaping] the [outcome/result/product].
- The efficiency of the water filtration process relies on factors such as the
quality of the filter and the pressure applied.

Highlighting Key Features

- One of the [most significant/crucial/vital] [features/aspects/elements] of
the [process/operation/transformation] is the [stage/step/phase] where
[action/process/transformation] [occurs/takes place/happens].
- One of the most significant elements of the recycling process is the stage
where materials are separated and sorted.
- The [innovation/technology/method] [implemented/utilized/employed] in
the [process/operation/transformation] [contributes/leads/results] in
[improved/enhanced/optimized] [efficiency/effectiveness/outcome].
- The technology employed in the manufacturing process contributes to
improved efficiency and reduced waste production.