P Block G 13814
d
1
InertPairetted
nsyfn.ee
G 13 Ns np 3 valence é 3 a lower
stability of
G 14 notnp2 y 4 2 OS T down
915 Nnp
4 thief
5 a 5 3
G 16 n5npY 6 6
647
4
ns np5 7
G 18 ns npb g s
HI
P Block metals Is Basie
non metals 4 acidic
metalloids Id amphoteric
Firstmember shows anomalous behavior small size
I high
absence
EN
d orbitals
forms it bonds of
abundant metal
9 BAY Alf 3rd most abundant
has empty d orbital element in the
no
dorbitals iii it
orthoboric acid HBO
Boronfamily
Kernite Na Buoy 41120
Boron exists in Boron has unusually
many allotropic forms highm.p
due to strong crystalline lattice
very 2453k
801 577 X
529 558 589
FE 1816 1979
2427 1820 1971
3659 2744 2962 2704 2877
Al Ga In Tl
B
semimetal
extremelyhard
Black
hi
radius
M.P
of Ga 303K
Compounds in I 0.5 More ionic
compounds in 30.5 more Covalent
B 99 In Te
3
M M 1.66 0.56 0.34 1.26 71 is not
stable convert
µ 0.55 0.79 acid 0.18 0.34 to Tft
1.39 alkali
Al exists only d
Ga exists as
asnet Gat and Ga't but
Gat is more stable in alkali
medium
Tet is more stable than Tl
Tet gets
ox agent
G 13 compounds é deficient lewis acid
A IBF mm
lewis
LI
na
Lewis acid bare 6
Alll achieves
stability via dimer formation
In Trivalent state most
1221pm are covalent
of compounds
Al 79
Agg f undergo hydrolysis in
water
a
f 3C he Bond d
200pm 1207673
MOH y and MC
except for Boron
Reactivity Towards air Reactivity with acids alkalies
Crystalline Boron unreactive Boron No Ryn
very
Powdered Boron Reacts on heating
4
d at na All t Hat
LET 302 203 s
noon n
LET Na LEN G
Ball acidic Al thing also layer formed
Alsos 9920 Amphoteric
itr
kiiigI.io igen.f ns
amphoteric
form tohalides q Alll Allon Galont
343 In Tl don't form hydroxides
Al has stung attinity of Oz
2 All 3202195 Also 15 AH 1670 KI
of Tet 15 LP
TAI consits R LP
FIX
BF C BU C BBr C BI
acidity
M F
BackBonding
9h spit
BORAX Maz By0510447.8120
d
101 Y
o 5 BO B
also called Tincal
op linkages
white crystalline solid no B
Gp2
o
60 Bulls only
OH Tetraborate ion
MqByO t 7120 UH Bo t 2
Nao
acid
aI
alkaline soen
d d
MqBy0 10120 MazB40 2ha Boat Boz
sod Boric anh
metaborate
B
95 981 Pure
É
Borax Power
salt colored beads
_wop
90 30 Cu Boaz Blue
Coo t B20 Co Bou
Cr Green
Mi Brown
Orthoboncadd weak monobasic acid
not a proton donor but on acceptor
H Blom 2nd Blowy thot
s
h
g D
f HBO Is
q HBO Bao
Boricanh
if 11 white crystalline solid
O O
B ie slippery touch
I in water
sparingly soluble
H
layer structure with
planar Boz unite
simplest Borane
burns spontaneously
2NaBHy t Ig Bah t 2nA I t Hz
BF 6Nah Its Ban t 6 Naf Industrial Prep
Ball t 302 8203 3720 Are 1976 Kalmof 90g
Bath is é deficient electrophilic
Bond 20 Boron is 2nd onlyto
carbon in the number
ofhydride that it
uppghyjjj.fi forms
txt 136pm
119pm
It
H HIIIII we
Unsymmetrical Cleavage
with
with
symmetrical Cleavage compact Nuc
Bigger Muc
3Ball 6Mt 3 BH2 NH.dz
LBHy BaHot2NLM3z
t
2BHz.nCcn3
Et MucHad BzNzH
Bah t 20 2BHz Borazine Inorganic Benzene
more reactive than benzene
bond M
B
Hy During formation of bridge
f
the mixing
the
of AOs results in
formation of 3190s
a
ME
I
H
NB BO for each B H component I BING
must be 42
I
Presence would not strengthen the
more é
of
bond b'coz these é would enter non bonding MO
Why Boron is used for neutron capure
The ability an atomic nucleus to capture a particle depends
not on
of
the size the nucleus but on the nuclear structure Thus each nucleus
of
is assigned an effective crosssectional area
Bo has an exceptionally large effective
Uses Boron fibres Bullet proofvests
light composite material for aircraft
B absorbs neutrons
Borax Boric acid heat resistant glass
glass wool
as
I fibreglass
flax for soldering
I Carbonfamily
Ftse A
it gmetalepp
d
CR CB stable ceramics
Pbs
ch radioactive electronics 02
glass
cement
Ionics
TEI TEL LE almost const
IEy
C si Ge Sn Pb
EN 2.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9
M.P 4373K 1693 1218 505 600
BP 3550 3123 2896 2024
density 3.51 2.34 5.32 7.26 11.37
Elementary
Si
pbt
ox agent
Pbt
More stable
th 4
Ge 4 4
Sn 2,44
Pb 2 Y
Oxides MO 9 Co Sio Geo
Coz Silk Geos Pbo 8h02
Moz g
Geo Geo acidic
02 Sia
Sno Sno Pbo Pbo Amphoteric
co Neutral
qq.I.in t
Y.rxn
Sn snort H2
Pb unaffected due to Pbo layer on its surface
ki.at 1 iiemii
M covalent
Xy Mostly Snfu Pbfy are ionic
doesn't exist b'coz weak Pb I bond can't compensate
Pby excitation
for of Gs é
Os
Except can other Mcl are
Gs M tf hydrolysed
easily
Es D TT
Hi Fi y't g si cony
silicicad
Catenation C si Ge Sn Pb doesn'tshow catenation
diamond all c are sp3
higher density than graphite
her stable than graphite
Non conductor of
electricity
Graphite all c are sp free é conducting
Layered structure slippery
and as lubricant
fullerenes Coo has 20 hexagons 12 pentagons
Coo is aromatic
CO colorless odorless insoluble in water
Ct 02 Is co incomplete combustion
HOON
Ey Hao co
Ct 11019 23 commercial prep
qgta.gg
21 02 4No
Mpjdeftnga
Carboxyhaemoglobin is
300 times more stable than oxy haemoglobin
At
It
Coon
doon co coat no
rest 30 2kt 302
J
as a red
agent
zno co Zn t Coz
I Clf Is 021g coz Ig
Chat 02 coat 420
LabPreff Caco CD 2nd call t coat no
commercial Caco 15 D Cao t 0219
Cost 420 Halo I Haj Ht this buffer system
It maintains the pH
of the blood
Htt 6,2
Carbides ionic et EP metal 9 Alys Be
strongly
Cacz
covalent Ct non metal
q city CO2 Cs
Sic Bye ete
interstitial et dit Block elements
q we
Hub Bgc Us City units
Methanides
Aye
3C
Catz CECH
Mac I aged
Silk 3D network solid Quartz Piezoelectric material
Sigt UHF Sify 2nd
si
o
t
o s o
f siostanaon nasion no
1
o si o
di
I I
Silicones silicon polymer
fo É
organo
Rasio repeating unit
Rasnick Rfid
all sigh at Sid a asia Chassid
Reilly
a ysi
Rusi
i linear chain
Rasick
page
Ho Si on
k
M i si
Raid R si
Ho R Dimer
k k
Reid I Y
Ho si OH cross linking Polyme
on
they sealant greaser electrical insulator waterproofing
surgical cosmetic implants
Silicates ily q Feldspar
zeolites
mica
Asbestos
o
fo
aluminosilicates Al atoms replace Si in the 3D
Zeolites
structure of six
d
microPofa zs
Simmons
Smith
1 Find the isomers Pt Sen CN
no
of linkage of
2
y nel
Nasypt
NC
In Ngayon
NC
NC
Nesyptynes
NC
NCS Nc Nd
Ncsyp
pyne scrypknes
CN NIS CN CN ISON
senypyon senypt
NC NCS CN
2ns exists in 2 different structural forms as 2ns Fec and
2ns Hep What will be the C N of cation a anion in both the
structures
I
2
a
t
2ns FCC MostCommon
Wurtzite Rare
Zn 50 of Thr at 507 THV
Ccp ie alternate TV
y sa Happy
at cap sites lattice sites of
HCP
I CN 4 CN 4
y 4 formula units per unit cell i
6 formula units per unit cell
has the same geometry as diamond with I formed at higher temperatures
alternating layersof Zn't and s
3 The increasing basicity order of the following compounds is
A B NH Matty C d Ph 7
Ajay Naz Ajay g 3N
Pkb 3.29 Pkb 3.00 PR 4.22 Pkb 9.3
Ans for gaseous state C B A D
for aqueous phone B A C S D
Refer Table 13.3 p 397 Amines NCERT
4 For langmuir adsorption isotherm which is correct
E
I tf
d
Imf
with ite products
5
Identify the reaction that is
incorrectly matched
as Ift Be
correct
ypg
b
A CB
YUEH t Kon t GH OH
d
N correct
p
f is worst L G among halides with it c H bond
breaking prefers generating i carbanion leading to Hofmann
Product
Xp an
I and not
I
1
d
ABr
d
ale hole I correct
Belong reacts with Solon to yield an ionic salt choose the incorrect
option related to this reaction from the following
a Both Sr Be elements are present in the ionic salt
b Be is tetrahedrally coordinated in the ionic salt
I Be is present in the cationic part
of the salt
Below t Sr10472 Sr FB only
Amphoteric Basic
Salt
