SPYRO FOR PLANNING AND SCHEDULING OPTIMIZATION

SPSL 1.48
SPSLCNFG 1.11

Manual Revision 4.1

Confidential Property

Pyrotec Division

Technip USA Corporation

May 22, 2007

SPSL VERSION 1.48
SPSLCNFG VERSION 1.11
Copyright© 2004 Technip USA Corporation. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, by print, photo print, microfilm or any other
means without written permission of the publishers. The information contained in this document is
subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Technip USA
Corporation.

SPYRO® is a registered trademark.

Windows XP, 2000, NT, Me, 98 and 95 are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

PIMS and PIMS-SI are trademarks of Aspen Technologies Incorporated.

Sentinel and SentinelLM are trademarks of Rainbow Technologies.

TECHNIP USA CORPORATION

PYROTEC DIVISION
555 WEST ARROW HIGHWAY
CLAREMONT, CALIFORNIA 91711
(909) 447-3600
(909) 447-3706 Fax
Release Notes
SPSL Version 1.48 (12/13/05)

Maximum number of geometries expanded to 50.

SPSL Version 1.46 (4/28/05)

Adjustment parameters for heat transfer coefficient (HCOE) and friction factor (FRIC) can be defined
for each tube in a coil now. To do so, HCOE and FRIC have to be specified for each tube in the
keyword input file, and imported into SPSL from the encrypted binary file KTIGEOM.DAT.
SPYIN(185) and SPYIN(186) are the adaptive coefficients of HCOE and FRIC for all tubes in a coil.
The following equations are used to calculate the HCOE and FRIC in SPSL for each tube:

HCOESPSL = SPYIN(185) * HCOE(from KTIGEOM.DAT)

FRICSPSL = SPYIN(186) * FRIC(from KTIGEOM.DAT)

SPSL Version 1.45 (3/31/04)

Feed characterization only option available.

SPSL Version 1.43 (2/7/03)

Security updated to SentinelLM “dongle-less” technology.

SPSL Version 1.42 (5/8/01)

Security checking has been extended from every 1000 runs to every 500000 runs.

SPSL Version 1.41 (11/06/00)

A problem where certain types of geometries were not being processed by SPSL has been resolved.

SPSL Version 1.40 (3/31/00)

The following features were added to version 1.32 to create version 1.40:
ƒ Feed characterization PINA data can now be entered in volume % also.
ƒ The XADIA keyword from SPYRO is now supported. COT measurement can be anywhere along
the length of the transferline (defined by the XADIA keyword) and SPSL will converge to the
temperature at that location (when COT convergence is requested).
ƒ Internal convergence tolerance can now be specified in SPYIN(6). Default is 10-6.
ƒ Absolute step size can now be specified for numerical derivatives. Negative step sizes are
considered to be absolute and positive step sizes are taken as relative. Numerical derivatives are
calculated using the forward difference method instead of the backward difference method in the
older version (results are not affected).

SPSLCNFG Version 1.10 (3/31/00)

SPSLCNFG was updated from version 1.01 to configure SPSL with the XADIA keyword from
SPYRO.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 9
Overview ................................................................................................................................... 9
SPYRO ...................................................................................................................................... 9
SPSL ........................................................................................................................................ 10
SPSLCNFG ............................................................................................................................. 10

INSTALLATION 11
Overview ................................................................................................................................. 11
Unzip the installation archive .................................................................................................. 11
Retrieve security server locking code (Echoid)....................................................................... 11
Install license file sent by Pyrotec ........................................................................................... 12
Starting the SentinelLM server software ................................................................................. 12
Windows NT/2000/XP.............................................................................................. 12
Windows 95/98/ME .................................................................................................. 13
Preparing SPSL........................................................................................................................ 13
PYROTEC.INI .......................................................................................................... 14
Microsoft Excel 97 .................................................................................................... 14
AspenTech PIMS SI.................................................................................................. 14
Preparing SPSLCNFG............................................................................................................. 14

CONFIGURING SPSL (SPSLCNFG) 15

Overview ................................................................................................................................. 15
Running the Program............................................................................................................... 15
Invoking SPSLCNFG................................................................................................ 15
Configuring a furnace geometry................................................................................ 16
Checking the contents of encrypted binary file (KTIGEOM.DAT).......................... 16
Exiting the Program................................................................................................... 16

USING SPSL 17
Overview ................................................................................................................................. 17
Subroutine Header ................................................................................................................... 17
INPUT DESCRIPTIONS ........................................................................................................ 17
FNAM (CHARACTER*20)...................................................................................... 17
SPYIN (REAL*4 [300])............................................................................................ 18
DSPYIN (READ*4 [300]) ........................................................................................ 21
SPYOUT (REAL*4 [300])........................................................................................ 22
DSPYOUT (REAL*4 [300,300]).............................................................................. 22
IRET (INTEGER) ..................................................................................................... 23

SPSL User Manual CONTENTS • 7

 APPENDIX A 25
SPYIN ARRAY.......................................................................................................................25

APPENDIX B 31
SPYOUT ARRAY...................................................................................................................31

APPENDIX C 37
COMPONENT LIBRARY ......................................................................................................37

APPENDIX D 41
ERROR CODES ......................................................................................................................41
WARNING MESSAGES..........................................................................................41
FATAL ERRORS......................................................................................................41

APPENDIX E 43
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPYRO AND SPSL .................................................................43
Coil Inlet Pressure .....................................................................................................43
Radiant Wall Temperature.........................................................................................43
Adjustment Parameters (FLUXP) .............................................................................44

8 • CONTENTS SPSL User Manual

INTRODUCTION

Overview
Ethylene production involves complex chemical processes. At the core of the plant are the pyrolysis
reactors where all the products are formed. The SPYRO yield prediction program provides the best
commercial available simulation software for modeling the ethylene pyrolysis reactors. SPYRO can
be used for a variety of purposes from feed stock selection to runlength prediction.

SPSL is an extension to SPYRO, which allows the pyrolysis model to be fully integrated into third-
party planning and scheduling tools. SPSLCNFG is used to configure SPSL.

Below are more detailed descriptions of SPYRO, SPSL and SPSLCNFG.

SPYRO
The SPYRO program is a practical tool for olefin plant managers, engineers and their R&D
departments. Used on its own (and in conjunction with other PYROTEC programs) it evaluates the
many complex process variables involved in ethylene furnace operation, and provides valuable
information about the cracking process that can significantly reduce operational costs. The SPYRO
program helps to maximize control of the steam cracking process in a pyrolysis reactor by simulating
coil performance within the smallest possible experimental scatter. Then, the SPYRO program
produces an accurate, detailed analysis of product yields, furnace performance and coking rates for
any feedstock or mixture (co-cracking).

The SPYRO program will help you to arrive at conclusive decisions regarding:
• Feedstock selection
• Furnace control
• Production planning and optimization
• Cracking coil design and modifications
The program is applicable to all current operating and design conditions. It accepts any hydrocarbon
feedstock from ethane through distillates up to 350 C (662 F) ASTM D-86 endpoint. In addition,
extensions (the SPYRO Heavy Gas Oil - HGO) are available for the simulation of heavier oils up to
550 C (1022 F) ASTM D-86 endpoint and for transferline exchanger simulation.

SPSL User Manual INTRODUCTION • 9

SPSL
SPSL is the extension to SPYRO which allows the reactor model to be called directly from a third-
party optimization tool. To understand and use SPSL, a SPYRO User’s Manual is necessary.

SPSL is supplied in the form of a Microsoft Windows DLL. The model is accessed via a FORTRAN
subroutine call. The DLL has been stream-lined for speed and stability within third-party software.
As a result of the stream-lining there are some differences between SPYRO and SPSL. These are
summarized in Appendix E.

Prior to using SPSL, it must be configured with furnace geometry information using SPSLCNFG.

SPSLCNFG
SPSLCNFG is the configuration utility for SPSL. It reads a standard SPYRO input file and generates
an encrypted geometry file. SPSL will use the information from this file when executed.

10 • INTRODUCTION SPSL User Manual

INSTALLATION

Overview
Pyrotec software products incorporate Rainbow Technologies Inc’s Sentinel License Manager
software. The license manager software requires a license key that you must obtain from Technip. The
function of the license manager program is to control access to the licensed software. It is locked to a
specific server computer on the network and will allow authorize all computers on the local area
network to access the licensed product.

The software installation is a multi-step process. These are outlined and described in detail in the
following pages.

Unzip the installation archive

The installation is supplied in the form of a WinZip archive and contains the Pyrotec software, the
Sentinel License Manager, and Sentinel utilities.

Retrieve security server locking code (Echoid)

The Pyrotec software license server is configured to work on a specific machine on the network. A
permanent machine in the computer room must be identified as the Pyrotec security server, and its
unique hardware locking ID must be supplied to Technp.

Technip uses the SentinelLM echoid utility to retrieve the locking code.

Using Windows Explorer, locate and double-click on the following utility in the installaton directory:

<Installation Directory>\SentinelLM\Echoid.exe

A display similar to the following will be posted to the screen.

SPSL User Manual INSTALLATION • 11

 Note: This locking code must be forwarded to Technip via email or fax.

Install license file sent by Pyrotec

Technip will use the locking information from the previous step to generate a license file. This license file will
authorize the SentinelLM security server to function only on the designated server computer for which the
locking codes.

The license file name is always:

LSERVRC

This license file will be sent as an email attachment or shipped on a floppy diskette. Save the attachment in
the following directory:

<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\SentinelLM\

The license file will expire once a year. An updated file will automatically be sent prior to the expiration date
for all licensed products.

Starting the SentinelLM server software

The SentinelLM server software is supported on Windows NT/2000/XP and Windows 95/98/ME.
Details on how to start the appropriate version of the server are given below.

Windows NT/2000/XP
Note: Administrator security privileges are required to use this program!

To install the license server program on this platform, select the server software which is located in:
<DRIVE>:\<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\SentinelLM\LOADLS.EXE

12 • INSTALLATION SPSL User Manual

 Verify the executable path as instructed in the dialogue box and click on the Add button. This will
automatically start the server.

Windows 95/98/ME
To install the license server program on this platform, simply double-click the server software, which
is located in:
<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\SentinelLM\ISERV9X.EXE

This should automatically start the server.

Preparing SPSL
Before proceeding, ensure that the third-party software has already been installed on the system. The
SPSL installation must be made into the same directory as that of the third-party program.

The files related to SPSL are stored in the .\DLL directory of the installation. Copy all the files in the
.\DLL directory into the directory containing the third-party software’s executable. The following is
the list of files that must be copied:

EFPSDLL1.DLL
LSAPIW32.DLL
DFORRT.DLL
PYROTEC.INI

SPSL User Manual INSTALLATION • 13

 PYROTEC.INI
This file must contain the name or IP address of the security server computer. This file resides in the
same directory as the Pyrotec software:

<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\bin\PYROTEC.INI

To define the name or IP address of the server computer, the HOST keyword must be defined:

HOST=<server name>

Examples on how to integrate with two programs are given below.

Microsoft Excel 97
Copy all the files from the

<DRIVE>:<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\DLL

into the Excel directory which is usually

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office\

AspenTech PIMS SI
Copy all the files from the

<DRIVE>:<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\DLL

into the PIMS directory which is usually

C:\Program Files\AspenTech PIMS 11.0\

Preparing SPSLCNFG
Once the installation has been extracted, the SPSLCNFG executable is present in the .\BIN directory
of the installation.

SPSLCNFG must be made accessible from the user’s working directory in the DOS prompt. This can
be done by adding the .\BIN directory to the search path of the DOS prompt (e.g. PATH="%PATH%;
<DRIVE>:<INSTALLATION DIRECTORY>\BIN").

The PYROTEC.INI file also needs to be updated to point to the server computer.

14 • INSTALLATION SPSL User Manual

CONFIGURING SPSL
(SPSLCNFG)

Overview
SPSL uses an encrypted binary file to initialize itself. This file contains all the hardware geometry
information of the furnaces to be modeled; no operating or feed information is stored. SPSL can only
model furnaces that are contained in this file.

SPSLCNFG is the configuration utility. This program reads a standard off-line SPYRO file and
converts it into the encrypted binary file (KTIGEOM.DAT) required by SPSL. A maximum of 10
different furnace types can be stored in this geometry file. The SPYRO input file name must have the
MS-DOS 8.3 format with a ‘.DAT’ extension.

Running the Program

Invoking SPSLCNFG
To start SPSLCNFG, from a DOS prompt type:

SPSLCNFG

If the error “Bad command or file name” is encountered, the user environment has not been
configured correctly. Please refer to the Installation chapter of this manual.

When the program starts the following is printed to the screen:

****************************************************************
* ___ *
* SPSLCNFG 1.11 CONFIGURATION UTILITY FOR SPSL / \ *
* \ PYROTEC *
* Pyrotec, A Div of Technip USA Corporation ~~~ *
* Copyright 2003 *
* *
* INSTALLED AT TECHNIP USA CORPORATION *
* *
****************************************************************

SPSL User Manual CONFIGURING SPSL (SPSLCNFG) • 15

 ENTER INPUT FILE NAME (WITHOUT .DAT) OR LIST OR END:

Configuring a furnace geometry

Suppose you have the geometry of pyrolysis furnace F-101 stored in the SPYRO input file F101.DAT.
At the above prompt, type in:

ENTER INPUT FILE NAME (WITHOUT .DAT) OR LIST OR END: f101

The program will then prompt you for IGEOM. IGEOM must a number between 1 and 10 which will
be used to access the F-101 geometry from the third party program. In this example, we will place the
geometry in slot 2:

Enter IGEOM (between 1 and 10):

2

SPSLCNFG will read the contents and place the geometry information into the encrypted file
KTIGEOM.DAT. If a geometry already exists in the given slot, the program will verify if you wish to
overwrite with the new geometry.

Reading geometry from file f101.DAT

ENTER INPUT FILE NAME (WITHOUT .DAT) OR LIST OR END:

To configure more files, repeat this process. Each new geometry will be inserted into the same binary
file (KTIGEOM.DAT).

Checking the contents of encrypted binary file

(KTIGEOM.DAT)
At the prompt, type:

ENTER INPUT FILE NAME (WITHOUT .DAT) OR LIST OR END: list

This will list all the files that are currently in KTIGEOM.DAT. A sample output is:

IGEOM IFEED DATE AND TIME FILE NAME

2 1 16-NOV-1998 09:36:17 f101.DAT

3 1 10-OCT-1998 11:15:24 f102.DAT

ENTER INPUT FILE NAME (WITHOUT .DAT) OR LIST OR END:

Exiting the Program

At the prompt, type:

ENTER INPUT FILE NAME (WITHOUT .DAT) OR LIST OR END: end

16 • CONFIGURING SPSL (SPSLCNFG) SPSL User Manual

USING SPSL

Overview
SPSL is the extension to SPYRO which allows the reactor model to be called directly from a third-
party optimization tool. To understand and use SPSL, a SPYRO manual will be handy. SPSL is
supplied in the form of a Microsoft Windows DLL. The model is accessed via a FORTRAN
subroutine call.

Subroutine Header
Access to the radiant section models, On-line Spyro, On-line Tes, and On-line Firebox, is provided
through the following subroutine:

SUBROUTINE SPSL(FNAM,SPYIN,DSPYIN,SPYOUT,DSPYOUT,IRET)

The table below gives a brief description of the type and purpose of the variables passed into the
routine SPSL. More thorough documentation are given in the sections following.

Variable I/O Type Description

FNAM I CHAR*20 Reserved
SPYIN I R*4 (300) Input Array (Operation Conditions, Feed Composition)
DSPYIN I R*4 (300) Required Derivatives and Step Sizes
SPYOUT O R*4 (300) Output Array (Effluent Composition, Furnace Performance)
DSPYOUT O R*4 (300,300) Partial Derivatives of Requested Variables
IRET O INT Return Code

INPUT DESCRIPTIONS

FNAM (CHARACTER*20)
This variable is reserved. It is not used by SPSL for input or output but it must be defined as
CHARACTER*20.

SPSL User Manual USING SPSL • 17

 SPYIN (REAL*4 [300])
Operating conditions for the given furnace for Spyro calculations are passed in via the SPYIN array of
dimension 300. For a complete list of the input array SPYIN, refer to APPENDIX A

General Settings and Run Identification

Pos Description SPYRO
1 Calculation mode (-1= run Feed Characterization, 0=skip -
SPYRO or 1=run SPYRO)
2 File unit number for error log file -
3 Integration step size for SPYRO &TYPE, NSTEP
4 Geometry Identification Number (integer btwn 1 & 10) -
5 Reserved -

Operating Conditions and Convergence Options

Pos Description SPYRO
6 Convergence tolerance &SPEC, TOLER
7 Coil outlet pressure (kg/cm2 abs.) - reqd. if SPYIN(9)=1 &RATE, POUT
8 Severity / Conversion (frac.) - reqd. if SPYIN(10)≠0 &SPEC, CONVAL
9 Type of convergence for pressure (0=inlet or 1=outlet) -
10 Type of convergence for severity (see below) &SPEC, CONOP
11 Flowrate of hydrocarbons (kg/h) &RATE, FLOWR
12 Steam dilution ratio as fraction of HC flow &RATE, STEAM*
13 Coil inlet pressure (kg/cm2 abs.) -
14 Radiant wall temperature (C) -
15 Coil inlet temperatures (C) &RATE, TEMPI
16..20 Reserved -
21..40 Coke thickness(m) &GEOM, COKEL
41..50 Reserved -
*
SPYRO requires a steam mass flowrate but SPSL uses a ratio.

Detailed Feed Composition

Pos Description SPYRO
51..173 Feed composition on mass basis &NAME
174.180 Reserved -

Adjustment Parameters
Pos Description SPYRO
181 Adjustment parameter for fouling coefficient &RATE, FOULC
182 Adjustment parameter for coke thermal conductivity &RATE, PARCO
183 Coking adjustment parameter &FEED, COKAD
184 Adjustment parameters on flux profile &GEOM, FLUXP

18 • USING SPSL SPSL User Manual

 Pos Description SPYRO
185 Adaptive coefficient of HCOE for all tubes in a coil N/A
186 Adaptive coefficient of FRIC for all tubes in a coil N/A

Feed Characterization Data

Pos Description SPYRO
187.193 ASTM D-86 distillation curve &ASTM
194.197 PINA (vol% or wt % - defined below) &FEED
198 Density (Kg/liter) &FEED, DENSI
199 H/C ratio (molar basis) &ASTM, HTOC
200 Sulfur Content (wt% basis) &ASTM, SULF
201 Reserved -
202 TOTAL C4 (wt%) in nafta feedstock &FEED, NC4
203 Reserved -
204 Switch for volume (=0) or weight (=1) basis for PINA &FEED,IPO
205.300 Reserved -

Calculation Mode
SPYIN(1), the calculation mode, controls whether SPYRO is activated. The three options are:

SPYIN(1)=-1 run feed characterization only.

SPYIN(1)=0 by-pass execution (i.e. do not run SPYRO).
SPYIN(1)=1 run the program and generate yields.

Error Log File

SPYIN(2) should be the unit number of an already open and writable file to which all error messages
for SPSL can be printed. If the file does not exist, SPSL will write to a file with the following name:
FORT.## where ## is the specified unit number.

Integration Step
SPYIN(3) defines the number of integration steps taken in Spyro. The suggested value is 60 steps.

Geometry Identification Number

SPYIN(3) specifies the furnace type which is to be executed. It must be an integer value between 1
and 10.

Only furnace types defined in the geometry file KTIGEOM.DAT are available during execution.
Furnace geometries can be added to the file or existing furnaces can be modified by using
SPSLCNFG, the SPSL configuration utility. Please refer to the SPSLCNFG chapter for more
information.

Convergence Tolerance
If coil outlet pressure and/or severity/conversion/coil outlet temperature are required, SPYIN(6) is
used to specify the tolerance for convergence. Increasing this value will reduce convergence time but

SPSL User Manual USING SPSL • 19

 the solution will be further away from the requested conditions. Decreasing (making it closer to zero)
will increase convergence time but SPSL will match the required conditions more closely. The default
convergence tolerance is 10-6.

Convergence on Coil Outlet Pressure

Coil outlet pressure (COP) is normally a controlled variable during furnace operation thus SPYRO
requires it as an input. However, SPSL allows either coil inlet pressure or coil outlet pressure to be
specified.

For maximum execution speed and numerical stability (of the third-party software), it is suggested that
coil inlet pressure be specified: SPYIN(9)=0.

To converge on coil outlet pressure set SPYIN(9)=1. The required coil outlet pressure must be
specified in SPYIN(7). The program will vary the coil inlet pressure until the specified outlet pressure
is achieved. If a coil inlet pressure is given in SPYIN(13), the program will use it as an initial
estimate.

The following table describes the types of convergence available:

SPYIN(9) Description SPYRO

0 Use coil inlet pressure specified in SPYIN(13) [no -
convergence on COP]
1 Converge on coil outlet pressure specified in SPYIN(7) &RATE, POUT

Convergence on Severity/Conversion/Temperature
The primary variable controlling severity or outlet temperature in SPSL is radiant wall temperature.
This differs from SPYRO where radiant wall temperature is calculated by the program. For maximum
execution speed and numerical stability (of the third-party software), radiant wall temperature should
be specified. SPSL supports the main convergence options offered in standard SPYRO.

SPYIN(10) defines the type of convergence required. SPSL will vary radiant wall temperature until
the severity, conversion or temperature specified in SPYIN(8) is achieved. If a radiant wall
temperature is given in SPYIN(14), the program will use it as an initial estimate.

The following table describes the types of convergence available:

SPYIN(10) Description SPYRO

-3 Converge on M/P defined in SPYIN(8) CONOP=4
-2 Converge on P/E defined in SPYIN(8) CONOP=3
-1 Converge on coil outlet temperature defined in CONOP=1
SPYIN(8).
0 Use Radiant Wall Temperature specified in SPYIN(14) -
[no convergence]
Comp. No. Converge on conversion of component number specified CONOP=5
in SPYIN(8)

Adjustment Parameters
These parameters provide a handle to reconcile SPYRO with actual plant data. Detailed explanation
of the factors can be found in the SPYRO User’s Manual.

20 • USING SPSL SPSL User Manual

 Adjustment parameters for heat transfer coefficient (HCOE) and friction factor (FRIC) can be defined
for each tube in a coil. To do so, HCOE and FRIC have to be specified for each tube in the keyword
input file, and imported into SPSL from the encrypted binary file KTIGEOM.DAT. SPYIN(185) and
SPYIN(186) are the adaptive coefficients of HCOE and FRIC for all tubes in the entire coil. The
following equations are used to calculate the HCOE and FRIC in SPSL for each tube:

HCOESPSL = SPYIN(185) * HCOE(from KTIGEOM.DAT)

FRICSPSL = SPYIN(186) * FRIC(from KTIGEOM.DAT)

Note: SPSL allows only one value of FLUXP across the entire coil while SPYRO allows FLUXP to
be specified per tube.

Feed Characterization
For most liquid feedstocks, only limited feed qualities, such as ASTM D86 distillation curves and
density, are known. SPYRO has a feed characterization tool to determine detailed feed composition
based on available information. Once characterization is performed, SPYRO can predict yields.

SPSL supports the feed characterization utility. Please refer to the SPYRO User’s Manual for
information on how to characterize liquid feeds.

DSPYIN (READ*4 [300])

SPSL can calculate partial derivatives with respect to any of the input variables. It will use numerical
differentiation to obtain the results. The DSPYIN specifies which derivatives should be calculated and
what perturbation step size should be used. Perturbation step size can be specified in both absolute
and relative basis:

DSPYIN(i) Description
< 0 (-ve) Defines absolute step size δ = -DS(i)
0 No derivatives for this variable
> 0 (+ve) Defines relative step size δ = +DS(i)

To request derivatives for a particular variable, specify a step size using the convention specified
above in the DSPYIN slot corresponding to that variable. SPSL will calculate partial derivatives for
all the variables in the output array with respect to the specified variable and place them in the output
array DSPYOUT.

For numeric stability of the calling routine, the step size should be smaller than the convergence
tolerance of the third-party software. The minimum step size allowed is 10-7.

Numerical derivatives are obtained in the following manner:

dy y x + ∆x − y x
=
dx ∆x
where,
δ = specified step size
∆x = δ ⋅ x (if x ≠ 0 ) or ∆x = δ (if x = 0 ) [relative step size]
∆x = δ [absolute step size]

SPSL User Manual USING SPSL • 21

 The order of the variables in DSPYIN are the same as that in the input array SPYIN. For example, to
request derivatives with respect to hydrocarbon flowrate with a relative step size of 10-3, set
DSPYIN(11)=0.001.

When the requested derivative is a percentage or fraction, the variable is perturbed and normalized
before the effluent is evaluated. For example, if feed composition is: CH4 2%, C2H6 90 % and C3H8
8% and a derivative is requested with respect to ethane using a step size of 0.001, SPSL will do the
following:
• Perturb ethane composition creating the following feed: CH4 2%, C2H6 90.09% and C3H8 8%
• Normalize the feed composition: CH4 1.998%, C2H6 90.009% and C3H8 7.993%
• Evaluate the effluents
• Calculate the numerical derivatives using the formula mentioned above

SPYOUT (REAL*4 [300])

All the yields and furnace performance information is passed back via an output array of dimension
300. For a complete list of the output array SPYOUT, refer to APPENDIX B

Pos Description
1..123 Effluent composition on weight basis
124..130 Reserved
131 Maximum wall temperature in the last tube( C )
132 Total Absorbed Duty ( kcal/hr/coil )
133 Coil Outlet Temperature [at location specified by XADIA] ( C )
134 Transferline Outlet Temperature (C)
135 Pressure drop across coil (kg/cm2)
136 Pressure drop in the transferline (kg/cm2)
137 Coil inlet pressure (kg/cm2 abs)
138 Radiant wall temperature (C)
139..150 Reserved
151..170 Coking Rate in each tube(mm/month)
171..190 Maximum tubeskin temperature in each tube(C)
191..200 Reserved

DSPYOUT (REAL*4 [300,300])

When derivatives are requested from SPSL, the results are stored in this two dimensional array. Please
refer to the DSPYIN section above on how to request derivatives.

The first index of the array corresponds the to the input array SPYIN and the second index
corresponds to the calculated results in SPYOUT. DSPYOUT is filled up in the following manner:

dy1/dx1 dy1/dx2 ... ... dy1/dx300

dy2/dx1 dy2/dx2 ... ... dy2/dx300
dy3/dx1 dy3/dx2 ... ... dy3/dx300
... ... ... ... ...
dy300/dx1 dy300/dx2 ... ... dy300/dx300
where y is the dependent variable (calculated results) and
x is the independent variable

22 • USING SPSL SPSL User Manual

 IRET (INTEGER)
The integer flag IRET is used to pass back information to the calling routine about errors and warnings
during an SPSL execution. Please refer to Appendix D for a list of the return error codes returned by
the program. If any problems do occur, SPSL will also print a message to the error log file defined by
the unit number in SPYIN(2)

A positive error code implies a non-fatal error and a negative error code indicates a fatal error.

SPSL User Manual USING SPSL • 23

24 • USING SPSL SPSL User Manual
APPENDIX A

SPYIN ARRAY
Pos Description SPYRO
1 Calculation mode (0=skip SPYRO or 1=run SPYRO) -
2 File unit number for error log file -
3 Integration step size for SPYRO &TYPE, NSTEP
4 Geometry Identification Number (integer btwn 1 & 10) -
5 Reserved -
6 Convergence tolerance &SPEC, TOLER
7 Coil outlet pressure (kg/cm2 abs.) - reqd. if SPYIN(9)=1 &RATE, POUT
8 Severity / Conversion (frac.) - reqd. if SPYIN(10)≠0 &SPEC, CONVAL
9 Type of convergence for pressure (0=inlet or 1=outlet) -
10 Type of convergence for severity (see below) &SPEC, CONOP
11 Flowrate of hydrocarbons (kg/h) &RATE, FLOWR
12 Steam dilution ratio as fraction of HC flow &RATE, STEAM*
13 Coil inlet pressure (kg/cm2 abs.) -
14 Radiant wall temperature (C) -
15 Coil inlet temperatures (C) &RATE, TEMPI
16 Reserved -
17 Reserved -
18 Reserved -
19 Reserved -
20 Reserved -
21 Coke thickness for tube 1 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
22 Coke thickness for tube 2 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
23 Coke thickness for tube 3 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
24 Coke thickness for tube 4 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
25 Coke thickness for tube 5 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
26 Coke thickness for tube 6 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
27 Coke thickness for tube 7 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
28 Coke thickness for tube 8 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
29 Coke thickness for tube 9 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
30 Coke thickness for tube 10 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
31 Coke thickness for tube 11 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
32 Coke thickness for tube 12 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
33 Coke thickness for tube 13 (m) &GEOM, COKEL

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX A • 25

 Pos Description SPYRO
34 Coke thickness for tube 14 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
35 Coke thickness for tube 15 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
36 Coke thickness for tube 16 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
37 Coke thickness for tube 17 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
38 Coke thickness for tube 18 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
39 Coke thickness for tube 19 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
40 Coke thickness for tube 20 (m) &GEOM, COKEL
41 Reserved -
42 Reserved -
43 Reserved -
44 Reserved -
45 Reserved -
46 Reserved -
47 Reserved -
48 Reserved -
49 Reserved -
50 Reserved -
51 Hydrogen &NAME, H2
52 Methane &NAME, CH4
53 Acetylene &NAME, C2H2
54 Ethylene &NAME, C2H4
55 Ethane &NAME, C2H6
56 Methyl-Acetylene/Propadiene &NAME, C3H4
57 Propylene &NAME, C3H6
58 Propane &NAME, C3H8
59 N-Butane &NAME, NBUTA
60 Iso-Butane &NAME, IBUTA
61 Iso-Butene &NAME, IB
62 1-Butene or N-Butene &NAME, B1
63 2-Butene (cis & trans) &NAME, B2
64 Butadiene &NAME, BUTAD
65 Benzene &NAME, BENZ
66 Toluene &NAME, TOLUO
67 Xylenes &NAME, XILO
68 Ethylbenzene &NAME, EBENZ
69 Styrene &NAME, STYR
70 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 9 C &NAME, C9ARO
71 N-Pentane &NAME, NC5
72 Iso-Pentane &NAME, IC5
73 N-Hexane &NAME, NC6
74 N-Heptane &NAME, NC7
75 N-Octane &NAME, NC8
76 N-Nonane &NAME, NC9
77 N-Decane &NAME, NC10
78 Normal Olefin 1-Undecene &NAME, UND1
79 Cyclo-Pentane &NAME, CPTAN
80 Methyl-Cyclo-Pentadienes &NAME, MCPTA
81 Cyclohexane &NAME, CESAN
82 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 7 C &NAME, C7NAF
83 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 8 C &NAME, C8NAF

26 • APPENDIX A SPSL User Manual

 Pos Description SPYRO
84 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 9 C &NAME, C9NAF
85 2-Methyl-2-Butene &NAME, B2M2
86 1-Pentene &NAME, P1
87 Naphthalene &NAME, FUEL1
88 2-Methyl-1-Butene &NAME, B1M2
89 Di-M-Cyclohexenes &NAME, MMCSE
90 Iso-Decane &NAME, C10IS
91 Pentadienes &NAME, PTD
92 Isoprene &NAME, ISOPR
93 Normal & Iso C6 Olefins &NAME, AOLC6
94 M-Cyclohexene &NAME, MCESE
95 Iso-Hexane &NAME, C6ISO
96 1,3 Hexadiene &NAME, ESIJ
97 1,3 M-Pentadiene &NAME, PIJMK
98 Normal & Iso C7 Olefins &NAME, AOLC7
99 Methyl-Cyclo-Pentene &NAME, MCP
100 Iso-Heptane &NAME, C7ISO
101 M-Hexadienes &NAME, EIJMK
102 Cyclopentadiene &NAME, CPTD
103 Normal & Iso C8 Olefins &NAME, AOLC8
104 Cyclo-pentene &NAME, CC5H8
105 Iso-Octane &NAME, C8ISO
106 Iso-Nonane &NAME, C9ISO
107 Cyclohexene &NAME, CESEN
108 Di-Olefin &NAME, DIAL
109 Vinyl Acetylene &NAME, C4H4
110 Methyl-Styrene &NAME, MSTYR
111 Di-Methyl-Styrene &NAME, DMSTY
112 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, FUEL2
113 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, FUEL3
114 Methyl-Cyclo-Pentadienes &NAME, MCPTD
115 M-Cyclohexadiene & Di-M-Cyclopentadiene &NAME, C7H10
116 Indene &NAME, INDEN
117 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, FUEL4
118 N-paraffins with 15 C &NAME, NC15
119 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 15 C &NAME, NAF15
120 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 20 C &NAME, NAF20
121 Olefinic Naphthenic Compounds &NAME, OLN11
122 Olefinic Naphthenic Compounds &NAME, OLN16
123 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 15 C &NAME, C15AR
124 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 20 C &NAME, C20AR
125 Di-naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 20 C &NAME, DNA20
126 N-Paraffins with 20 C &NAME, NC20
127 Iso-Paraffins with 20 C &NAME, ISO20
128 Pseudo Component with 15 C &NAME, C15CO
129 Pseudo Component with 20 C &NAME, C20CO
130 Iso-Paraffins with 15 C &NAME, ISO15
131 Mixture of Iso-C11 Olefins &NAME, OLC11
132 Mixture of Iso-C16 Olefins &NAME, OLC16
133 Di-Olefin &NAME, DIA7

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX A • 27

 Pos Description SPYRO
134 Di-Olefin &NAME, DIA14
135 Di-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 15 C &NAME, DNA15
136 Pseudo Component &NAME, CH32
137 Pseudo Component &NAME, C1924
138 N-Paraffins with 30 C &NAME, NC30
139 Iso-Paraffins with 30 C &NAME, ISO30
140 Normal 1-Eicosene &NAME, EIC1
141 N- & Iso-C20 Olefins &NAME, OLC20
142 N- & Iso-C25 Olefins &NAME, OLC25
143 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 25 C &NAME, NAF25
144 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 35 C &NAME, NAF35
145 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 25 C &NAME, C25AR
146 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 35 C &NAME, C35AR
147 Poly-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 25 C &NAME, PNA25
148 Poly-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 30 C &NAME, PNA30
149 Pseudo Component with 25 C &NAME, PCO25
150 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, FUE32
151 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, FUE43
152 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, PES32
153 Policondensate Pseudo Component &NAME, PES42
154 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 12 C &NAME, NAF12
155 Di-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 11 C &NAME, DNA11
156 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 12 C &NAME, C12AR
157 Pseudo Component with 12 C &NAME, C12CO
158 Policondensate Pseudo Component with 30 C &NAME, PCO30
159 Polynaphthenic Pseudo Compound with 16 C &NAME, PNA16
160 2-Pentene &NAME, P2
161 N-1-Hexene &NAME, ES1
162 Methyl-2-Pentene &NAME, P2M
163 N-Octene-1 &NAME, 36434
164 Normal Paraffins with 25 C &NAME, NC25
165 Iso-Paraffins with 25 C &NAME, ISO25
166 N-Paraffins with 35 C &NAME, NC35
167 Iso-Paraffins with 35 C &NAME, ISO35
168 N-1-Hexadecene &NAME, EXA1
169 N-Olefin 1-C25 &NAME, PEIC1
170 Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 30 C &NAME, NAF30
171 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 35 C &NAME, C30AR
172 3-Methyl-1-Butene &NAME, B1M3
173 2- and 3- Normal Hexenes &NAME, ESEX
174 Methyl 1-Pentenes &NAME, P1M
175 1-Heptene &NAME, EPT1
176 Water &NAME, H2O
177 Carbon Monoxide &NAME, CO
178 Carbon Dioxide &NAME, CO2
179 Reserved -
180 Reserved -
181 Adjustment parameter for fouling coefficient &RATE, FOULC
182 Adjustment parameter for coke thermal conductivity &RATE, PARCO
183 Coking adjustment parameter &FEED, COKAD

28 • APPENDIX A SPSL User Manual

 Pos Description SPYRO
184 Adjustment parameters on flux profile &GEOM, FLUXP
185 Adaptive coefficient of HCOE for all tubes in a coil -
186 Adaptive coefficient of FRIC for all tubes in a coil -
187 ASTM D-86 Initial Boiling Point &ASTM, IBP
188 ASTM D-86 10% Boiling Point &ASTM, BP10
189 ASTM D-86 30% Boiling Point &ASTM, BP30
190 ASTM D-86 50% Boiling Point &ASTM, BP50
191 ASTM D-86 70% Boiling Point &ASTM, BP70
192 ASTM D-86 90% Boiling Point &ASTM, BP90
193 ASTM D-86 Final Boiling Point (95% pt for Naphtha) &ASTM, FBP
194 Normal-Paraffins (vol% or wt%) &FEED, NPAR
195 Iso-Paraffins (vol% or wt%) &FEED, IPAR
196 Naphthenics (vol% or wt%) &FEED, NAFT
197 Aromatics (vol% or wt%) &FEED, AROM
198 Density (kg/liter) &FEED, DENSI
199 H/C ratio (molar basis) &ASTM, HTOC
200 Sulfur Content (wt% basis) &ASTM, SULF
201 Reserved -
202 TOTAL C4 (wt%) in nafta feedstock &FEED, NC4
203 Reserved -
204 Switch for volume (=0) or weight (=1) basis for PINA &FEED,IPO
205.300 Reserved -
*
SPYRO requires a steam mass flowrate but SPSL uses a ratio.

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX A • 29

30 • APPENDIX A SPSL User Manual
APPENDIX B

SPYOUT ARRAY
Pos Description
1 Hydrogen
2 Methane
3 Acetylene
4 Ethylene
5 Ethane
6 Methyl-Acetylene/Propadiene
7 Propylene
8 Propane
9 N-Butane
10 Iso-Butane
11 Iso-Butene
12 1-Butene or N-Butene
13 2-Butene (cis & trans)
14 Butadiene
15 Benzene
16 Toluene
17 Xylenes
18 Ethylbenzene
19 Styrene
20 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 9 C
21 N-Pentane
22 Iso-Pentane
23 N-Hexane
24 N-Heptane
25 N-Octane
26 N-Nonane
27 N-Decane
28 Normal Olefin 1-Undecene
29 Cyclo-Pentane
30 Methyl-Cyclo-Pentadienes
31 Cyclohexane
32 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 7 C
33 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 8 C

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX B • 31

 Pos Description
34 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 9 C
35 2-Methyl-2-Butene
36 1-Pentene
37 Naphthalene
38 2-Methyl-1-Butene
39 Di-M-Cyclohexenes
40 Iso-Decane
41 Pentadienes
42 Isoprene
43 Normal & Iso C6 Olefins
44 M-Cyclohexene
45 Iso-Hexane
46 1,3 Hexadiene
47 1,3 M-Pentadiene
48 Normal & Iso C7 Olefins
49 Methyl-Cyclo-Pentene
50 Iso-Heptane
51 M-Hexadienes
52 Cyclopentadiene
53 Normal & Iso C8 Olefins
54 Cyclo-pentene
55 Iso-Octane
56 Iso-Nonane
57 Cyclohexene
58 Di-Olefin
59 Vinyl Acetylene
60 Methyl-Styrene
61 Di-Methyl-Styrene
62 Policondensate Pseudo Component
63 Policondensate Pseudo Component
64 Methyl-Cyclo-Pentadienes
65 M-Cyclohexadiene & Di-M-Cyclopentadiene
66 Indene
67 Policondensate Pseudo Component
68 N-paraffins with 15 C
69 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 15 C
70 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 20 C
71 Olefinic Naphthenic Compounds
72 Olefinic Naphthenic Compounds
73 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 15 C
74 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 20 C
75 Di-naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 20 C
76 N-Paraffins with 20 C
77 Iso-Paraffins with 20 C
78 Pseudo Component with 15 C
79 Pseudo Component with 20 C
80 Iso-Paraffins with 15 C
81 Mixture of Iso-C11 Olefins
82 Mixture of Iso-C16 Olefins
83 Di-Olefin

32 • APPENDIX B SPSL User Manual

 Pos Description
84 Di-Olefin
85 Di-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 15 C
86 Pseudo Component
87 Pseudo Component
88 N-Paraffins with 30 C
89 Iso-Paraffins with 30 C
90 Normal 1-Eicosene
91 N- & Iso-C20 Olefins
92 N- & Iso-C25 Olefins
93 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 25 C
94 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 35 C
95 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 25 C
96 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 35 C
97 Poly-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 25 C
98 Poly-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 30 C
99 Pseudo Component with 25 C
100 Policondensate Pseudo Component
101 Policondensate Pseudo Component
102 Policondensate Pseudo Component
103 Policondensate Pseudo Component
104 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 12 C
105 Di-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 11 C
106 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 12 C
107 Pseudo Component with 12 C
108 Policondensate Pseudo Component with 30 C
109 Polynaphthenic Pseudo Compound with 16 C
110 2-Pentene
111 N-1-Hexene
112 Methyl-2-Pentene
113 N-Octene-1
114 Normal Paraffins with 25 C
115 Iso-Paraffins with 25 C
116 N-Paraffins with 35 C
117 Iso-Paraffins with 35 C
118 N-1-Hexadecene
119 N-Olefin 1-C25
120 Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 30 C
121 Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 35 C
122 3-Methyl-1-Butene
123 2- and 3- Normal Hexenes
124 Methyl 1-Pentenes
125 1-Heptene
126 Water
127 Carbon Monoxide
128 Carbon Dioxide
129 Reserved
130 Reserved
131 Maximum wall temperature in the last tube( C )
132 Total Absorbed Duty ( kcal/hr/coil )
133 Coil Outlet Temperature ( C )

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX B • 33

 Pos Description
134 Transferline Outlet Temperature (C)
135 Pressure drop across coil (kg/cm2)
136 Pressure drop in the transferline (kg/cm2)
137 Coil inlet pressure (kg/cm2 abs)
138 Radiant wall temperature (C)
139 Reserved
140 Reserved
141 Reserved
142 Reserved
143 Reserved
144 Reserved
145 Reserved
146 Reserved
147 Reserved
148 Reserved
149 Reserved
150 Reserved
151 Coking Rate for tube 1 (mm/month)
152 Coking Rate for tube 2 (mm/month)
153 Coking Rate for tube 3 (mm/month)
154 Coking Rate for tube 4 (mm/month)
155 Coking Rate for tube 5 (mm/month)
156 Coking Rate for tube 6 (mm/month)
157 Coking Rate for tube 7 (mm/month)
158 Coking Rate for tube 8 (mm/month)
159 Coking Rate for tube 9 (mm/month)
160 Coking Rate for tube 10 (mm/month)
161 Coking Rate for tube 11 (mm/month)
162 Coking Rate for tube 12 (mm/month)
163 Coking Rate for tube 13 (mm/month)
164 Coking Rate for tube 14 (mm/month)
165 Coking Rate for tube 15 (mm/month)
166 Coking Rate for tube 16 (mm/month)
167 Coking Rate for tube 17 (mm/month)
168 Coking Rate for tube 18 (mm/month)
169 Coking Rate for tube 19 (mm/month)
170 Coking Rate for tube 20 (mm/month)
171 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 1 (C)
172 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 2 (C)
173 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 3 (C)
174 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 4 (C)
175 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 5 (C)
176 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 6 (C)
177 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 7 (C)
178 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 8 (C)
179 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 9 (C)
180 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 10 (C)
181 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 11 (C)
182 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 12 (C)
183 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 13 (C)

34 • APPENDIX B SPSL User Manual

 Pos Description
184 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 14 (C)
185 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 15 (C)
186 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 16 (C)
187 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 17 (C)
188 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 18 (C)
189 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 19 (C)
190 Maximum tubeskin temperature for tube 20 (C)
191..300 Reserved

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX B • 35

36 • APPENDIX B SPSL User Manual
APPENDIX C

COMPONENT LIBRARY
SPYRO Component Name Formula
Name
1 H2 Hydrogen H2
2 CH4 Methane CH4
3 C2H2 Acetylene C2H2
4 C2H4 Ethylene C2H4
5 C2H6 Ethane C2H6
6 C3H4 Methyl-Acetylene/Propadiene C3H4
7 C3H6 Propylene C3H6
8 C3H8 Propane C3H8
9 NBUTA N-Butane C4H10
10 IBUTA Iso-Butane C4H10
11 IB Iso-Butene C4H8
12 B1 1-Butene or N-Butene C4H8
13 B2 2-Butene (cis & trans) C4H8
14 BUTAD Butadiene C4H6
15 BENZ Benzene C6H6
16 TOLUO Toluene C7H8
17 XILO Xylenes C8H10
18 EBENZ Ethylbenzene C8H10
19 STYR Styrene C8H8
20 C9ARO Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 9 C C9H12
21 NC5 N-Pentane C5H12
22 IC5 Iso-Pentane C5H12
23 NC6 N-Hexane C6H14
24 NC7 N-Heptane C7H16
25 NC8 N-Octane C8H18
26 NC9 N-Nonane C9H20

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX C • 37

 SPYRO Component Name Formula
Name
27 NC10 N-Decane C10H22
28 UND1 Normal Olefin 1-Undecene C11H22
29 CPTAN Cyclo-Pentane C5H10
30 MCPTA Methyl-Cyclo-Pentadienes C6H12
31 CESAN Cyclohexane C6H12
32 C7NAF Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 7 C C7H14
33 C8NAF Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 8 C C8H16
34 C9NAF Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 9 C C9H18
35 B2M2 2-Methyl-2-Butene C5H10
36 P1 1-Pentene C5H10
37 FUEL1 Naphthalene C10H8
38 B1M2 2-Methyl-1-Butene C5H6
39 MMCSE Di-M-Cyclohexenes C8H14
40 C10IS Iso-Decane C10H22
41 PTD Pentadienes C5H8
42 ISOPR Isoprene C5H8
43 AOLC6 Normal & Iso C6 Olefins C6H12
44 MCESE M-Cyclohexene C7H12
45 C6ISO Iso-Hexane C6H14
46 ESIJ 1,3 Hexadiene C6H10
47 PIJMK 1,3 M-Pentadiene C6H10
48 AOLC7 Normal & Iso C7 Olefins C7H14
49 MCP Methyl-Cyclo-Pentene C6H10
50 C7ISO Iso-Heptane C7H16
51 EIJMK M-Hexadienes C7H12
52 CPTD Cyclopentadiene C5H6
53 AOLC8 Normal & Iso C8 Olefins C8H16
54 CC5H8 Cyclo-pentene C5H8
55 C8ISO Iso-Octane C8H18
56 C9ISO Iso-Nonane C9H20
57 CESEN Cyclohexene C6H10
58 DIAL Di-Olefin C6H10
59 C4H4 Vinyl Acetylene C4H4
60 MSTYR Methyl-Styrene C9H10
61 DMSTY Di-Methyl-Styrene C10H12
62 FUEL2 Policondensate Pseudo Component C16H18
63 FUEL3 Policondensate Pseudo Component C6H12
64 MCPTD Methyl-Cyclo-Pentadienes C6H8
65 C7H10 M-Cyclohexadiene & Di-M-Cyclopentadiene C7H10

38 • APPENDIX C SPSL User Manual

 SPYRO Component Name Formula
Name
66 INDEN Indene C9H8
67 FUEL4 Policondensate Pseudo Component C22H18
68 NC15 N-paraffins with 15 C C15H32
69 NAF15 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 15 C C15H30
70 NAF20 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 20 C C20H40
71 OLN11 Olefinic Naphthenic Compounds C11H20
72 OLN16 Olefinic Naphthenic Compounds C16H30
73 C15AR Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 15 C C15H24
74 C20AR Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 20 C C20H34
75 DNA20 Di-naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 20 C C20H28
76 NC20 N-Paraffins with 20 C C20H42
77 ISO20 Iso-Paraffins with 20 C C20H42
78 C15CO Pseudo Component with 15 C C15H20
79 C20CO Pseudo Component with 20 C C20H30
80 ISO15 Iso-Paraffins with 15 C C15H32
81 OLC11 Mixture of Iso-C11 Olefins C11H22
82 OLC16 Mixture of Iso-C16 Olefins C16H32
83 DIA7 Di-Olefin C7H12
84 DIA14 Di-Olefin C14H26
85 DNA15 Di-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 15 C C15H28
86 CH32 Pseudo Component C32H32
87 C1924 Pseudo Component C19H24
88 NC30 N-Paraffins with 30 C C30H62
89 ISO30 Iso-Paraffins with 30 C C30H62
90 EIC1 Normal 1-Eicosene C20H40
91 OLC20 N- & Iso-C20 Olefins C20H40
92 OLC25 N- & Iso-C25 Olefins C25H50
93 NAF25 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 25 C C25H50
94 NAF35 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 35 C C35H70
95 C25AR Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 25 C C25H44
96 C35AR Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 35 C C35H64
97 PNA25 Poly-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 25 C C25H46
98 PNA30 Poly-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 30 C C30H54
99 PCO25 Pseudo Component with 25 C C25H36
100 FUE32 Policondensate Pseudo Component C32H26
101 FUE43 Policondensate Pseudo Component C40H32
102 PES32 Policondensate Pseudo Component C32H20
103 PES42 Policondensate Pseudo Component C42H26
104 NAF12 Naftenic Pseudo Compound with 12 C C12H24

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX C • 39

 SPYRO Component Name Formula
Name
105 DNA11 Di-Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 11 C C11H20
106 C12AR Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 12 C C12H18
107 C12CO Pseudo Component with 12 C C12H15
108 PCO30 Policondensate Pseudo Component with 30 C C30H46
109 PNA16 Polynaphthenic Pseudo Compound with 16 C C16H28
110 P2 2-Pentene C5H10
111 ES1 N-1-Hexene C6H12
112 P2M Methyl-2-Pentene C6H12
113 OCT1 N-Octene-1 C8H16
114 NC25 Normal Paraffins with 25 C C25H52
115 ISO25 Iso-Paraffins with 25 C C25H52
116 NC35 N-Paraffins with 35 C C35H72
117 ISO35 Iso-Paraffins with 35 C C35H72
118 EXA1 N-1-Hexadecene C16H32
119 PEIC1 N-Olefin 1-C25 C25H50
120 NAF30 Naphthenic Pseudo Compound with 30 C C30H60
121 C30AR Alkyl-Aromatic Pseudo Compound with 35 C C35H64
122 B1M3 3-Methyl-1-Butene C5H10
123 ESEX 2- and 3- Normal Hexenes C6H12
124 P1M Methyl 1-Pentenes C6H12
125 EPT1 1-Heptene C7H14
126 H2O Water H2O
127 CO Carbon Monoxide CO
128 CO2 Carbon Dioxide CO2

40 • APPENDIX C SPSL User Manual

APPENDIX D

ERROR CODES

WARNING MESSAGES
Error Code Error Description
101 Individual component less than 0
102 Coke thickness less than 0
103 Sum of feed composition not equal to 100.0
104 Component not valid for AGO version of SPYRO
105 Component not valid for LPG version of SPYRO
111 Hydrocarbon flowrate outside the normal range
112 Dilution steam ratio outside the normal range
113 Coil Inlet Pressure outside the normal range
114 Radiant Wall Temperature outside the normal range
115 Coil Inlet Temperature outside the normal range

FATAL ERRORS
Error Code Error Description
-101 Furnace id is not valid
-102 Feed type is not valid
-103 Feed characterization not available with LPG SPYRO
-104 Feed char: density of naphtha fraction > density of entire feed
-105 Feed char: density of gasoil fraction < density of entire feed
-106 Feed characterization did not converge
-111 Hydrocarbon flowrate less than or equal to zero
-112 Dilution steam ratio less than zero
-113 Coil Inlet Pressure less than or equal to zero
-114 Radiant Wall Temperature less than or equal to zero
-115 Coil Inlet Temperature less than or equal to zero
-117 Radiant Wall Temperature less than or equal to coil inlet temperature
-4001 License server does not have license that matches requested feature
-4002 License has expired
-4003 No license server is running
-4004 Communication with license server is timeout
-4005 Server-locked feature cannot be issued

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX D • 41

 -4006 MORE THAN ONE LICENSE CODE FOUND
-4007 NO PYROTEC.INI FILE FOUND
-4008 Can not open error log file
-4009 Unsuccessful in setting contact server
-4010 The licensing resources are not available at the time of the request
-4011 The network is unavailable
-4012 SentinelLM libraries initialization failure
-4013 SPSL/CONFIG module not activated
-4100 Unknown error message

42 • APPENDIX D SPSL User Manual

APPENDIX E

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPYRO AND SPSL

SPSL contains the same rigorous kinetics and reactor model as standard SPYRO. However because
SPSL is an optimized, second generation version of SPYRO for use in third party software, there are
some subtle differences between the two programs. In this section, these features are summarized.

Coil Inlet Pressure

SPSL allows either coil inlet pressure or coil outlet pressure to be specified. If inlet pressure is
specified, outlet pressure is calculated and vice versa. SPYRO accepts only coil outlet pressure as an
input and always calculates inlet pressure. Please refer to the SPYIN section in the USING SPSL
chapter for more details.

For maximum execution speed and numerical stability (of the third-party software), it is suggested that
coil inlet pressure be specified.

When comparing SPSL with standard SPYRO, the user should ensure that the outlet pressures of the
two runs are the same.

Radiant Wall Temperature

SPSL allows the specification for the radiant wall temperature. When the user requests a severity,
conversion or outlet temperature, the program varies this temperature to achieve the required value.
Standard SPYRO internally calculates radiant wall temperature when outlet temperature, severity or
conversion is specified. Please refer to the SPYIN section in the USING SPSL chapter for more
details.

For maximum execution speed and numerical stability (of the third-party software), it is suggested that
radiant wall temperature be specified.

When comparing SPSL with standard SPYRO, the user should ensure that both runs have the same
outlet temperature, severity or conversion.

SPSL User Manual APPENDIX E • 43

 Adjustment Parameters (FLUXP)
SPYRO allows adjust parameters for flux profile, FLUXP, to be defined for each tube in the coil.
SPSL allows FLUXP to be defined only once per coil.

44 • APPENDIX E SPSL User Manual